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    Amines and Amides

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    Azura Aziz
    This document discusses carboxylic acid derivatives including amines, amides, and their reactions. It defines amines as organic compounds containing nitrogen that can be primary, secondary, or tertiary. Common reactions of amines include acting as weak bases in water and forming ammonium salts via neutralization with acids. Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acids where an amino group replaces the hydroxyl group. Amides undergo acid hydrolysis to form carboxylic acids and ammonium salts or base hydrolysis to form carboxylate salts and amines.

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    Amines and Amides

    Uploaded by

    Azura Aziz
    476 views24 pages
    This document discusses carboxylic acid derivatives including amines, amides, and their reactions. It defines amines as organic compounds containing nitrogen that can be primary, secondary, or tertiary. Common reactions of amines include acting as weak bases in water and forming ammonium salts via neutralization with acids. Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acids where an amino group replaces the hydroxyl group. Amides undergo acid hydrolysis to form carboxylic acids and ammonium salts or base hydrolysis to form carboxylate salts and amines.

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    This document discusses carboxylic acid derivatives including amines, amides, and their reactions. It defines amines as organic compounds containing nitrogen that can be primary, secondary, or tertiary. Common reactions of amines include acting as weak bases in water and forming ammonium salts via neutralization with acids. Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acids where an amino group replaces the hydroxyl group. Amides undergo acid hydrolysis to form carboxylic acids and ammonium salts or base hydrolysis to form carboxylate salts and amines.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    476 views24 pages

    Amines and Amides

    Uploaded by

    Azura Aziz
    This document discusses carboxylic acid derivatives including amines, amides, and their reactions. It defines amines as organic compounds containing nitrogen that can be primary, secondary, or tertiary. Common reactions of amines include acting as weak bases in water and forming ammonium salts via neutralization with acids. Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acids where an amino group replaces the hydroxyl group. Amides undergo acid hydrolysis to form carboxylic acids and ammonium salts or base hydrolysis to form carboxylate salts and amines.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Carboxylic Acids Esters, Amines and Amides

    Amines Reactions of Amines Amides Reactions of Amides

    Amines
    Organic compounds of nitrogen N Classified as primary, secondary, tertiary CH3 CH3 CH3NH2 CH3NH CH3N CH3
    1 2 3

    Naming Amines
    IUPAC aminoalkane
    CH3CH2NH2 aminoethane (ethylamine) NH2 | CH3CHCH3 2-aminopropane (isopropylamine) Aniline N-methylaniline
    3

    Common alkylamine
    CH3NH CH3 N-methylaminomethane (dimethylamine)

    NH 2

    NH CH3

    Learning Check AM1


    Give the common name and classify:
    A. CH3NHCH2CH3 CH3 | B. CH3CH2NCH3

    Solution AM1
    A. CH3NHCH2CH3 ethylmethylamine, 2 CH3 | B. CH3CH2NCH3 ethyldimethylamine, 3

    Reactions of Amines
    Act as weak bases in water CH3NH2 + H2O CH3NH3+ + OH methylammonium hydroxide
    Neutralization with acid gives ammonium salt CH3NH2 + HCl CH3NH3+ Cl methylammonium chloride
    6

    Alkaloids
    Physiologically active nitrogen-containing compounds Obtained from plants Used as anesthetics, antidepressants, and stimulants Many are addictive

    Nicotine

    CH3 N

    Nicotine, leaves of tobacco plant


    8

    Caffeine
    O CH3 O N N CH3 N N

    CH3 Caf f e in e , cof f e e b e an s an d t e a

    Procaine
    CH3CH2 N CH3CH2 Procaine (novocaine), painkiller O CH2CH2 O C NH2

    10

    Leaning Check AM2


    Write a structural formula for
    A. B. 2-aminopentane 1,3-diaminocyclohexane

    11

    Solution AM2
    A. 1-aminopentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-NH2 1,3-diaminocyclohexane
    NH2

    B.

    NH2

    12

    Amides
    Derivatives of carboxylic acids where an amino (-NH2) group replaces the OH group. O O

    CH3 COH carboxylic acid acetic acid

    CH3 CNH2 amide acetamide


    13

    Naming Amides
    Alkanamide O HCNH2
    O CH3CH2CNH2

    from acid name


    methanamide (IUPAC) formamide (common)

    propanamide (IUPAC) propionamide(common)


    14

    Naming Amides with N-Groups


    O CH3CNHCH3

    N-methylethanamide (IUPAC) N-methylacetamide (common)

    O CH3CH2CN(CH3)2 N,N-dimethylpropanamide N,N-dimethylpropionamide


    15

    Aromatic Amides
    O C NH2 O C NHCH3

    Benzamide

    N -methylbenzamide
    16

    Learning Check AM3


    Name the following amides: O A. CH3CH2CH2CNH2
    O CH3CN(CH2CH3)2
    17

    B.

    Solution AM3
    O

    A.

    CH3CH2CH2CNH2 butanamide; butryamide (common) O

    B.

    CH3CN(CH2CH3)2
    N,N-diethylethanamide; N,N-diethylacetamide
    18

    Learning Check AM4


    Draw the structures of A. Pentanamide B. N-methylbutyramide

    19

    Solution AM4
    A. Pentanamide
    O

    CH3CH2CH2CH2CNH2
    B. N-methylbutyramide O

    CH3CH2CH2CNHCH3

    20

    Reactions of Amides
    Amides undergo
    acid hydrolysis base hydrolysis

    carboxylic acid ammonium salt

    salt of carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia


    21

    Reactions of Amides
    acid hydrolysis
    O

    HCl + H2O

    CH3COH + NH4+Cl O

    CH3CNH2 NaOH

    CH3CO Na+ + NH3 base hydrolysis


    22

    Learning Check AM5


    Write the products of the hydrolysis of N- ethylpropanamide with NaOH.

    23

    Solution AM5
    Hydrolysis of N-ethylpropanamide with NaOH gives the following products.
    O

    CH3CH2CO Na+ + CH3CH2NH2

    24

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