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    Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) : and Its Effects On The Environment

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    ckm84
    Harmful algal blooms (HABs), also known as red tides, are algal blooms that negatively impact other organisms through production of toxins, mechanical damage, oxygen depletion, or other means. HABs are caused by factors like eutrophication, water pollution, optimal temperatures, and stable nutrient-rich conditions. They can cause shellfish poisoning in humans, respiratory issues, and economic losses through fishery and tourism impacts. Prevention strategies include reducing nutrient runoff through better agricultural practices and wastewater treatment.

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    Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) : and Its Effects On The Environment

    Uploaded by

    ckm84
    29 views14 pages
    Harmful algal blooms (HABs), also known as red tides, are algal blooms that negatively impact other organisms through production of toxins, mechanical damage, oxygen depletion, or other means. HABs are caused by factors like eutrophication, water pollution, optimal temperatures, and stable nutrient-rich conditions. They can cause shellfish poisoning in humans, respiratory issues, and economic losses through fishery and tourism impacts. Prevention strategies include reducing nutrient runoff through better agricultural practices and wastewater treatment.

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    Harmful algal blooms (HABs), also known as red tides, are algal blooms that negatively impact other organisms through production of toxins, mechanical damage, oxygen depletion, or other means. HABs are caused by factors like eutrophication, water pollution, optimal temperatures, and stable nutrient-rich conditions. They can cause shellfish poisoning in humans, respiratory issues, and economic losses through fishery and tourism impacts. Prevention strategies include reducing nutrient runoff through better agricultural practices and wastewater treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views14 pages

    Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) : and Its Effects On The Environment

    Uploaded by

    ckm84
    Harmful algal blooms (HABs), also known as red tides, are algal blooms that negatively impact other organisms through production of toxins, mechanical damage, oxygen depletion, or other means. HABs are caused by factors like eutrophication, water pollution, optimal temperatures, and stable nutrient-rich conditions. They can cause shellfish poisoning in humans, respiratory issues, and economic losses through fishery and tourism impacts. Prevention strategies include reducing nutrient runoff through better agricultural practices and wastewater treatment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB)

    And its effects on the environment


    Harmful Algae Blooms
    A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom
    that causes negative impacts to other
    organisms via production of natural toxins,
    mechanical damage to other organisms, or by
    other means. HABs are often associated with
    large-scale marine mortality events and have
    been associated with various types of shellfish
    poisonings.
    Description
    Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) (also known as red
    tides)is an algal bloom that causes negative
    impacts to other organisms via:
    Production of natural toxins
    Mechanical damage to other organisms
    Hypoxia (Oxygen Depletion)
    By other means
    In recent years, there has been growing alarm
    over what appears to he an "epidemic" of HABs
    worldwide.

    Causes of HAB
    Harmful algal blooms can be due to a number of reasons:
    Eutrophication
    Water pollution
    Transfer of shellfish for aquaculture
    Transportation from ships' ballast water
    Low Turbidity
    Optimal temperature (Eg :25 C are optimal for the growth of
    bluegreen algae)
    Stable conditions (low flows, long retention times, light winds
    and minimal turbulence)
    The growth of marine phytoplankton (both non-toxic and toxic)
    is generally limited by the availability of nitrates and
    phosphates, which can be abundant in coastal upwelling zones
    as well as in agricultural run-off and other human activities.


    How do cyanobacterial blooms form?
    Cyanobacteria also known as blue-green bacteria, blue-green
    algae, and Cyanophyta, is a phylum of bacteria that obtain
    their energy through photosynthesis. The name
    "cyanobacteria" comes from the color of the bacteria.
    Cyanobacterial blooms occur when algae that are normally
    present grow exuberantly. Within a few days, a bloom can
    cause clear water to become cloudy.
    The blooms usually float to the surface and can be many
    inches thick, especially near the shoreline. Cyanobacterial
    blooms can form in warm, slow-moving waters that are rich in
    nutrients such as fertilizer runoff or septic tank overflows.
    Blooms can occur at any time, but most often occur in late
    summer or early fall.
    Effects of HAB on Human Health
    Humans get infected primarily by HAB toxins that are present in shellfish.
    Some HAB toxins can become airborne during a bloom and people can
    become ill by inhaling toxins.
    Shellfish poisoning
    Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP)
    Diarrheal shellfish poisoning (DSP)
    Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP)
    Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP)
    Ciguatera sh poisoning
    Pfiesteria
    Most symptoms of HAB act primarily on the nervous system and are
    permanent.
    Common symptoms of HAB are diarrhoea, vomiting, abdominal pain,
    nausea and headaches.

    Effects Of HAB on the Economy
    Closures of shellfish beds
    Lost production in fisheries
    Severe reductions in local/regional tourism
    and associated service industries
    Public illness
    Medical treatments
    Advisories
    Prevention of HAB
    Replanting of riparian forests (forest adjacent to a body
    of water)
    Silt fence
    Detention basin
    Retention basin
    Water treatment
    Reducing the nutrient load of a water body:
    Avoiding the excessive use of fertilisers and manures on
    agricultural land within the catchment.
    Protecting soil from erosion.
    Treating sewage to remove the nutrients nitrogen and
    phosphorus.

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