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    Filtenna

    Uploaded by

    arulchozhan
    This ppt speaks about the design and efficiency of filtenna using hfss software simulator . the efficiency of the antenna is dealed in this ppt

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Filtenna

    Uploaded by

    arulchozhan
    301 views16 pages
    This ppt speaks about the design and efficiency of filtenna using hfss software simulator . the efficiency of the antenna is dealed in this ppt

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This ppt speaks about the design and efficiency of filtenna using hfss software simulator . the efficiency of the antenna is dealed in this ppt

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    301 views16 pages

    Filtenna

    Uploaded by

    arulchozhan
    This ppt speaks about the design and efficiency of filtenna using hfss software simulator . the efficiency of the antenna is dealed in this ppt

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Introduction

    Wireless communication system


    design requires higher data rate and
    larger channel capacity as well as
    better quality of service and spectrum
    utilization efficiency to meet the needs
    of wireless users.
    Security issues have drawn much
    research attention in wireless
    communications due to its open air
    nature.
    10/7/2014 1
    Cognitive Radio Technology
    Motivation
    1. Frequency spectrum a scarce
    resource
    10/7/2014 2
    Figure 1. Frequency allocation chart in US as of 2003
    Cognitive Radio Technology
    Motivation
    2. Spectrum access is a more significant problem
    than spectrum scarcity.

    10/7/2014 3
    Figure 2. Measurements of spectrum utilization in downtown Berkeley

    Literature Review
    Definition
    Cognitive radio [1] is a technology of wireless
    communications in which a network or a user
    flexibly changes its transmitting or receiving
    parameters to achieve more efficient
    communication performance without interfering
    with
    licensed or unlicensed users.

    1. J. Mitola and G. Maguire, Cognitive radio: Making software radios more
    personal, IEEE Communication Magazine, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1318, Aug.
    1999.

    10/7/2014 4
    Main functions
    Cognitive
    Radios
    Spectrum
    Sensing
    Spectrum
    Sharing
    Spectrum
    Mobility
    Spectrum
    Management
    10/7/2014 5
    Existing system
    The two types of cognitive radio are
    presented and examples on both
    spectrum interweave and spectrum
    underlay cognitive radio antenna systems
    are detailed. Reconfigurable filtennas are
    proposed as communicating antennas in
    a MIMO setting for both cases of cognitive
    radio. The benefits of resorting to
    filtennas as well as toMIMO configuration
    is shown and discussed herein. The
    various antenna
    examples are designed, tested and
    compared with each other. Conclusions
    are drawn based on the presented results.
    10/7/2014 6
    Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive
    Radios
    Definition
    Spectrum sensing is to obtain
    awareness about the spectrum usage
    and existence of primary users in a
    geographical area.



    10/7/2014 7
    Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive
    Radios
    Spectrum sensing
    A classical signal detection problem
    10/7/2014 8
    0
    1
    ( )
    ( )
    ( ) ( )
    n t H
    x t
    hs t n t H

    =

    +

    channel gain
    noise
    primary signal
    Spectrum sensing methods
    10/7/2014 9
    Spectrum
    sensing
    Transmitter
    detection
    Matched
    filter
    detection
    Energy
    detection
    Cyclostationary
    detection
    Cooperative
    detection
    Interference
    temperature
    detection
    Poposed system for filtering
    antenna
    Transmitter detection
    1) filter detection







    Advantages: Better detection performance and less time to
    achieve
    processing gain
    Disadvantages: Priori knowledge of primary signal is required
    (such as
    pilots, preambles or synchronized messages).
    10/7/2014 10
    Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive
    Radios
    Transmitter detection
    2) Energy detection



    Decision statistic Y follows Chi-square distribution

    10/7/2014 11
    2
    2 0
    2
    2 1

    ( )
    M
    M
    H
    Y
    H
    _
    _

    Transmitter detection
    2) Energy detection
    False alarm probability and detection probability




    is decision threshold

    10/7/2014 12
    0
    1
    ( , / 2)
    ( | )
    ( )
    ( | ) ( 2 , 2 )
    f r
    d r m
    M T
    P P Y T H
    M
    P P Y T H Q T
    I
    = > =
    I
    = > =
    T
    Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive
    Radios
    Transmitter detection
    3) Cyclostationary detection
    Exploits built-in periodicity of modulated signals
    couple with sine wave carriers, hopping
    sequences,
    cyclic prefixes and etc.
    Advantages: better performance than energy
    detection
    Disadvantages: more computational complexity
    and
    longer observation time.

    10/7/2014 13
    Proposed sytem
    10/7/2014 14
    Algorithms

    1. Cognitive radio network for 20 Nodes.
    2. Time-delay bandwidth product
    3. f linear scale
    4. AVG. PROB OF DETECTION(computes the
    generalized Marcum Q)
    5. AVG. PROB OF FALSE ALARM(compute incompelete
    gamma function)
    6. AVG. PROB OF MISSED DETECTION OVER AWGN
    7. FFT FILTER for spectrum filtering

    ---------------------Energy Detection---------------------------------
    ---
    1. variance of noise
    2. Time-delay bandwidth product

    10/7/2014 15
    Hardware/Software
    Superhetrodyne receiver
    Transmitter
    Receiver
    Microcontroller
    Software
    MATLAB
    Ccs compiler
    Eagle
    AT commands

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