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    Chapter9 Braking DC

    Uploaded by

    FrozenTux
    Electric Drives, Mohommed El-Sharkawi, Fundamental of Electric Drives, Full PowerPoint Presentation, Including Examples.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter9 Braking DC

    Uploaded by

    FrozenTux
    153 views43 pages
    Electric Drives, Mohommed El-Sharkawi, Fundamental of Electric Drives, Full PowerPoint Presentation, Including Examples.

    Original Title

    Chapter9 Braking Dc

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    Electric Drives, Mohommed El-Sharkawi, Fundamental of Electric Drives, Full PowerPoint Presentation, Including Examples.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    153 views43 pages

    Chapter9 Braking DC

    Uploaded by

    FrozenTux
    Electric Drives, Mohommed El-Sharkawi, Fundamental of Electric Drives, Full PowerPoint Presentation, Including Examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 43

    9.

    Braking of dc Motors

    Regenerative

    Fm

    Fm

    Fl

    Fl

    Speed
    mg

    T(downhill)

    mg

    T(uphill)
    T(

    Torque

    Review of Basic Equations


    Ra
    Vt Ea Ra I a K
    Tl
    K

    Vt
    Ra

    T
    2 l
    K ( K )

    Vt Ea
    Tl
    Ia

    Ra
    K

    Ra

    If
    f

    Ea

    Ia

    V
    t

    Vt
    Ra
    3

    Tdown
    2
    K ( K )

    Vt Ea 3 Tdown
    I a3

    Ra
    K

    Vt Ea 3

    Vt
    K

    Vt Ea 2
    Tl 2
    I a2

    0
    Ra
    K

    Vt Ea 2

    Vt
    Ra
    1

    T
    2 up
    K ( K )

    Vt Ea1 Tup
    I a1

    Ra
    K
    Vt E1

    Speed

    2
    o
    1

    Ea = V
    Motor
    Operation

    Generator
    Operation

    Ea

    Speed

    T(down)

    T(up)

    Torque

    Example
    A 440 V dc motor has a rated armature
    current of 76 A at a speed of 1000 rev/min.
    The armature resistance of the motor is
    0.377 and the rotational losses is 1 kW.
    The load of the motor is bi-directional.

    a. Calculate the no load speed of the motor.


    b. If the armature current is 60 A during a regenerative
    braking, calculate the motor speed
    c. Calculate the load torque during regenerative braking
    d. Calculate the speed during regenerative braking
    e. Calculate the power delivered by the source under normal
    motor operation.
    f. Calculate the generated power during regenerative braking.

    Solution
    Speed

    n3
    no

    1000

    n1

    T(braking)

    T(motor)

    Torque

    Speed

    n3
    no

    1000

    n1

    T(braking)

    T(motor)

    Torque

    Ea Vt Ra I a 440 0.377 76 411 .35

    Ea
    Ea
    K

    3.93
    2 n
    60

    Speed

    n3
    no

    1000

    n1

    T(braking)

    T(motor)

    Torque

    Vt
    440
    o

    111 .96
    K
    3.93
    Vt
    Ra
    Vt Ra I a 3
    440 0.377 60
    3

    Tl 3

    117 .72
    2
    K ( K )
    K
    3.93

    Speed

    n3
    no

    1000

    n1

    T(braking)

    T(motor)

    Torque

    Tl 3 K I a 3 3.93 (60) 235.8

    E a3 K 3 3.93 117 .72 462.64

    Speed

    n3
    no

    1000

    n1

    T(braking)

    T(motor)

    Torque

    P1 I a1 Vt 76 440 33.4 kW
    Pg Ea 3 I a 3 462.64 60 27.76

    Regenerative Braking during


    Speed Reduction
    Speed

    V1

    o1

    1
    V2

    o3

    4
    T1

    Torque

    Dynamic Braking

    A
    B

    Ra

    Vf

    If

    Rb

    Ea

    Ra

    Ib
    Vf

    If

    Rb

    Ea

    Ea
    k
    Ib

    Ra Rb
    Ra Rb

    2
    Ea

    ( K )
    Pb

    Ra Rb Ra Rb

    Speed

    Rb2

    Rb3

    Rb1

    Ib1

    Ib2

    Ib3

    Ia

    Ea
    k
    Ib

    Ra Rb
    Ra Rb

    Current

    Dynamic Braking of Unidirectional Load


    Speed
    A
    B

    Tb

    Tl

    Torque

    Speed

    Constant
    Torque

    Tb

    Tl

    Torque

    Example
    A 440 V dc Separately Excited motor has a rated
    armature current of 76 A at a speed of 1000
    rev/min. The armature resistance of the motor is
    0.377. Assume that the load torque is
    gravitational. A dynamic braking technique
    employing a braking resistance of 2 is used.
    Calculate the new steady state speed.

    Solution

    A
    B

    Ra

    Compute K

    Vf

    If

    Rb

    Ea

    E a Vt Ra I a 440 0.377 76 411 .35

    Ea
    Ea
    K

    3.93
    2 n
    60

    k C
    IC
    Ra Rb

    Solution

    3.93C
    76
    (0.3772)

    Speed
    A

    Tb

    nC 439

    Tl

    Torque

    Counter Current Braking

    Counter Current Braking


    Plugging
    Terminal voltage reversl

    Counter Current Braking: Plugging

    Fm

    Fm

    Fl

    Fl

    Motion

    Motion

    Fm

    Fm

    Fl

    Fl

    Motion

    Motion

    Speed

    V1

    o1

    1
    V2

    o3

    4
    Tsc

    Torque
    5
    T1

    Ra
    V1
    1

    T
    2 1
    K ( K )

    Speed

    V1

    o1

    1
    V2

    o3

    4
    Tsc

    Torque
    5
    T1

    V2
    o3
    K

    Ra
    V
    4 2
    T 0
    2 sc
    K ( K )

    KV2
    Tsc
    Ra

    V2
    Ra

    T 0
    2 1
    K ( K )

    Speed

    V1

    o1

    1
    V2

    o3

    4
    Tsc

    Torque
    5

    T1

    Counter Current Braking: Terminal


    Voltage Reversal (TVR)

    speed

    Torque

    b
    Ia
    Ea

    Ea
    Ia

    Ra

    Ra

    Speed
    2

    4
    Tl

    Tl

    Torque
    Current (I)

    Speed
    2

    4
    Tl

    I 2 2 I st without Rst

    Tl

    Torque
    Current (I)

    Speed
    2

    4
    T4

    Tl

    Torque
    Current (I)

    Speed
    2

    4
    Tl

    Tl

    Torque
    Current (I)

    B
    S

    Rb

    A
    Ea
    Ra

    Reduction of Braking Current by Adding


    Resistance
    Speed

    Rb > 0
    2

    3
    4
    Rb = 0
    Tl

    Tl

    V3 Ea 3
    I3
    Ra Rb

    Normal
    operation

    Torque
    Current (I)

    Example 9.5
    A dc motor has an armature resistance of 1
    , and K = 3 Vsec. When the motors
    terminal voltage is adjusted to 320 V, the
    motor speed is 1000 r/min. A TVR braking
    is applied, calculate the value of the braking
    resistance that would reduce the maximum
    braking current to twice the rated current.

    Solution

    V1 Ea1
    I a1
    6
    Ra

    I 3 I b 2 I a 12
    2
    320 3
    1000
    V2 E a1
    V2 K 1
    60
    Ib

    12
    Ra Rb
    Ra Rb
    1 Rb

    Rb 51.8

    Reduction of Braking Current by Reducing


    Armature Voltage
    V3 < V2
    2

    Speed

    1
    4

    V2
    Tl

    Tl

    Vb Ea 3
    I3
    Ra

    Normal
    operation, V1

    Torque
    Current (I)

    Speed
    1

    2
    3

    Torque

    5
    T

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