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    Gas Flow in The Anesthesia Machine and Breathing

    Uploaded by

    VennySoentanto
    The oxygen cylinder source is regulated from approximately 2,200 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system, and the N2O cylinder source is regulated from 745 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Gas Flow in The Anesthesia Machine and Breathing

    Uploaded by

    VennySoentanto
    108 views12 pages
    The oxygen cylinder source is regulated from approximately 2,200 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system, and the N2O cylinder source is regulated from 745 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system

    Original Title

    Gas Flow in the Anesthesia Machine and Breathing

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    The oxygen cylinder source is regulated from approximately 2,200 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system, and the N2O cylinder source is regulated from 745 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    108 views12 pages

    Gas Flow in The Anesthesia Machine and Breathing

    Uploaded by

    VennySoentanto
    The oxygen cylinder source is regulated from approximately 2,200 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system, and the N2O cylinder source is regulated from 745 psig in the tanks to approximately 45 psig in the machine high-pressure system

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Gas Flow in the

    Anesthesia Machine
    and Breathing System

    The internal piping of a basic two-gas anesthesia machine

    Both oxygen and N2O may be supplied from two


    sources
    a pipeline supply source (central piping system from bulk
    storage)
    a compressed gas cylinder supply source

    The pipeline supply source is the primary gas source


    for the anesthesia machine.
    Pipeline supplied gases are delivered through wall
    outlets at a pressure of 50-55 psig through diameter
    indexed safety system (DISS) fittings or through
    quick-connect couplings that are gas-specific within
    each manufacturer's patented system.

    Because pipeline systems can fail and because the


    machines may be used in locations where piped
    gases are not available, anesthesia machines are
    fitted with reserve cylinders of oxygen and N 2O.
    The oxygen cylinder source is regulated from
    approximately 2,200 psig in the tanks to
    approximately 45 psig in the machine highpressure system, and the N2O cylinder source is
    regulated from 745 psig in the tanks to
    approximately 45 psig in the machine highpressure system

    Compressed gas cylinders of oxygen,


    N2O, and other medical gases are
    attached to the anesthesia machine
    through the hanger yoke assembly.
    Each hanger yoke is equipped with
    the pin index safety system, a
    safeguard introduced to eliminate
    cylinder interchanging and the
    possibility of accidentally placing the
    incorrect gas tank in a yoke designed

    The oxygen pathway through the flowmeter, the agent vaporizer, and the machine piping, and into the breathing circuit. Oxygen from the
    wall outlet or cylinder pressurizes the anesthesia delivery system. Compressed oxygen provides the needed energy for a pneumatically
    powered ventilator, if used, and it supplies the oxygen flush valve used to supplement oxygen flow to the breathing circuit. Oxygen
    also"powers" an in-line pressure-sensor shutoff valve ("fail-safe" valve) for other gases to prevent their administration if the O2supply

    Once the flows of oxygen, N2O, and other


    medical gases (if used) are turned on at their
    flow control valves, the gas mixture flows into
    the common manifold and through a
    concentration-calibrated agent-specific
    vaporizer where a potent inhaled volatile
    anesthetic agent is added. The mixture of
    gases and vaporized anesthetic agent then
    exits the anesthesia machine low pressure
    system through the common gas outlet and
    flows to the breathing system.

    Basic circle breathing system

    Essential components of a circle breathing system

    Once inside the breathing system, the mixture of


    gases and vapors flows to the breathing system's
    inspiratory unidirectional valve, then on toward
    the patient. Exhaled gases pass through the
    expiratory unidirectional valve and enter the
    reservoir bag. When the bag is full, excess gas
    flows through the APL (or pop-off) valve and into
    the scavenging system that removes the waste
    gases. On the next inspiration, gas from the
    reservoir bag passes through the carbon dioxide
    absorber prior to joining the fresh gas from the
    machine on its way to the patient. The general
    use of fresh gas flow rates into anesthetic
    systems in excess of those required to

    When an anesthesia ventilator is used, the


    ventilator bellows functionally replaces the circle
    system reservoir bag and becomes a part of the
    breathing circuit. The APL valve in the breathing
    circuit is either closed or excluded from the
    circuit using a manual ("bag")/automatic
    (ventilator) circuit selector switch. The ventilator
    incorporates a pressure-relief valve, that permits
    release of excess anesthetic gases from the
    circuit at end-exhalation. These gases should
    also be scavenged.

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