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    Hydrology

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    Waleed Tahawy
    This document provides an overview of hydrology and introduces key concepts. It summarizes 10 chapters that will be covered, including introductions to precipitation, streamflow measurement, runoff, floods, and groundwater. Chapter 1 defines hydrology as the science of water and its movement through the hydrologic cycle of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, surface runoff, and groundwater. It presents the water budget equation that describes the continuity of water resources on Earth. Examples are given to illustrate the water budget calculation. The history and applications of hydrology in engineering are also summarized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Hydrology

    Uploaded by

    Waleed Tahawy
    98 views26 pages
    This document provides an overview of hydrology and introduces key concepts. It summarizes 10 chapters that will be covered, including introductions to precipitation, streamflow measurement, runoff, floods, and groundwater. Chapter 1 defines hydrology as the science of water and its movement through the hydrologic cycle of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, surface runoff, and groundwater. It presents the water budget equation that describes the continuity of water resources on Earth. Examples are given to illustrate the water budget calculation. The history and applications of hydrology in engineering are also summarized.

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    hydrology

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    This document provides an overview of hydrology and introduces key concepts. It summarizes 10 chapters that will be covered, including introductions to precipitation, streamflow measurement, runoff, floods, and groundwater. Chapter 1 defines hydrology as the science of water and its movement through the hydrologic cycle of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, surface runoff, and groundwater. It presents the water budget equation that describes the continuity of water resources on Earth. Examples are given to illustrate the water budget calculation. The history and applications of hydrology in engineering are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    98 views26 pages

    Hydrology

    Uploaded by

    Waleed Tahawy
    This document provides an overview of hydrology and introduces key concepts. It summarizes 10 chapters that will be covered, including introductions to precipitation, streamflow measurement, runoff, floods, and groundwater. Chapter 1 defines hydrology as the science of water and its movement through the hydrologic cycle of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, surface runoff, and groundwater. It presents the water budget equation that describes the continuity of water resources on Earth. Examples are given to illustrate the water budget calculation. The history and applications of hydrology in engineering are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Hydrology

    Chia-Ming Fan
    Department of Harbor and River Engineering
    National Taiwan Ocean University
    2010/03/04


    Engineering Hydrology/ K.

    Subramanya
    Introduction to Hydrology/ Warren

    Viessman, Jr. and Gary L. Lewis


    Applied Hydrology/ V.T. Chow, D.R.
    Maidment and L.W. Mays
    / /

    Contents

    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch
    Ch

    1 Introduction
    2 Precipitation
    3 Abstractions from Precipitation
    4 Streamflow Measurement
    5 Runof
    6 Hydrographs
    7 Floods
    8 Flood Routing
    9 Groundwater
    10 Erosion and Reservoir Sedimentation

    Chapter 1
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Hydrologic Cycle ( )
    1.3 Water Budget Equation(

    )
    1.4 World Water Balance
    1.5 History of Hydrology
    1.6 Applications in Engineering
    1.7 Sources of Data

    1.1 Introduction

    Hydrology means the science of water. It is the


    science that deals with the occurrence,
    circulation and distribution of water of the
    earth and earths atmosphere.

    Inter-disciplinary nature
    1. estimation of water resources
    2. the study of process such as precipitation,
    runof, evapotranspiration and their interaction
    3. the study of problems such as floods and
    droughts, and the strategies to combat them.

    1.2 Hydrologic Cycle

    Precipitation

    Evaporation

    Transpiration

    Interception

    Surface runof

    Groundwater
    Percolation

    1.2 Hydrologic Cycle

    1.2 Hydrologic Cycle

    1.2 Hydrologic Cycle


    The quantities of water going through various

    individual paths of the hydrological cycle can be


    described by the continuity principle known as
    water budget equation or hydrologic
    equation.

    It is important to note that the total water

    resources of the earth are constant and the sun


    is the source of energy for the hydrologic cycle.

    Agriculture, forestry, economics, sociology, water

    power, costal works, etc.

    1.3 Water Budget Equation


    Catchment Area

    : The area of landing draining into a


    stream or a water course at a given
    location is known as catchment area.
    Drainage area, drainage basin, watershed
    It is normal to assume the groundwater
    divide to coincide with the surface divide.

    1.3 Water Budget Equation

    1.3 Water Budget Equation


    Water Budget Equation

    mass inflow mass outflow


    = change mass storage
    Vi-Vo=S
    P-R-G-E-T= S
    P: precipitation, R: surface runof, G: net
    groundwater flow out of the catchment, E:
    evaporation, T: transpiration, S: change in
    storage

    Example 1.1

    ha = hectare = 10,000

    Example 1.1

    Example 1.2

    ha = hectare = 10,000

    Example 1.2

    1.4 World Water Balance

    1.4 World Water Balance

    1.4 World Water Balance

    1.4 World Water Balance

    1.5 History of Hydrology


    The knowledge of the hydrologic cycle came to

    Europe around AD 1500.

    Most of the present-day science of hydrology

    has been developed since 1930, thus giving


    hydrology the status of a young science.

    1.6 Applications in
    Engineering
    1. The capacity of storage structures such
    as reservoirs.
    2. The magnitude of flood flows to enable
    safe disposal of the excess flow.
    3. The minimum flow and quantity of flow
    available at various seasons.
    4. The interaction if the flood wave and
    hydraulic structures, such as levees,
    reservoirs and bridges.

    1.7 Sources of Data

    Weather records
    Precipitation data
    Stream flow records
    Evaporation and evapotranspiration data
    Infiltration characteristics of the study area
    Soils of the area
    Land use and land cover
    Groundwater characteristics
    Physical and geological characteristics of the area
    Water quality data .

    Problems
    1.2 / 1.4 / 1.5

    Problems

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