Supw Project
Supw Project
ON
ELECTRICITY
Atoms
Have
Protons
Electrons
Electrons
Are
A concentration
of electrons in an
atom creates a net negative charge.
If
material through
which electric current flows easily.
Insulators
materials through
which electric current cannot
move.
Examples
Conductors:
Metals
Water
Insulators:
Styrofoam
Rubber
Plastic
Paper
Static Electricity
The
The
Static
electricity is
potential energy.
It does not move.
It is stored.
Static Discharge
Occurs
- rubbing
Conduction direct contact
Induction through an electrical field
(not direct contact)
flow of electrons
from one place to another.
Measured in amperes (amps)
Kinetic energy
circuits.
Circuit: is a path for the flow of
electrons. We use wires.
Anything
with a battery
Alternating
Current (AC)
simple circuits
Here is a simple electric circuit. It has a cell, a
lamp and a switch.
cell
wires
switch
lamp
simple circuits
When the switch is closed, the lamp lights up. This is
because there is a continuous path of metal for the
electric current to flow around.
circuit diagram
Scientists usually draw electric circuits using symbols;
battery
ammeter
lamp
voltmeter
switch
motor
wires
resistor
types of circuit
There are two types of electrical circuits;
SERIES CIRCUITS
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
SERIES CIRCUITS
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
measuring current
Electric current is measured in amps (A) using an
ammeter connected in series in the circuit.
Measures how many electrons move past a certain point
measuring current
SERIES CIRCUIT
current is the same
at all points in the
circuit.
2A
2A
2A
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
current is shared
between the
components
2A
2A
1A
1A
What is Resistance?
The
What is Voltage?
The
you
could say that
Amps
measure
how much water
comes out of a
hose.
Volts measure how
hard the water
comes out of a
hose.
Ohms Law
Ohm's Law states that in a simple electrical circuit, the
voltage (V) equals the electrical current (I) times the
resistance (R).
V = IR
where:
V is the voltage in volts
I is the current in amperes or amps
R is the resistance in ohms
()
Ohms Law
Voltage
Voltage is the electrical potential energy and is measured in
volts.
Current
Current indicates the amount of electrons passing through
the wire and is measured in amperes or amps for short.
Use I to indicate current instead of a different letter.
The unit symbol for amps is A, as in 2.0A.
Resistance
Electrical resistance can be thought of as the "friction" on
the movement of electrons in a wire. Resistance is
measured in ohms, and the unit symbol for it is the Greek
letter omega, .
Most devices in an electrical circuit can be considered
resistors, including light bulbs and electric motors.
Volts
100
150
30
45
48
Amps
25
10
15
5
8
29