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    COST

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    Yasir Lali
    This document proposes a new COST Action called CRYOPLANET to coordinate research on cryopreservation of crop species in Europe. Cryopreservation, the storage of living tissues at ultra-low temperatures, is important for conserving plant genetic resources but protocols have only been developed for around 150-200 plant species. The objectives of CRYOPLANET are to improve understanding of cryopreservation through research on cryoprotection, develop new protocols, and apply cryopreservation to European plant genebanks. It will have two working groups, one focusing on the fundamental aspects of cryopreservation and genetic stability, the other on technology and applications. The action will involve researchers from 17 countries and last 4 years with annual meetings

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    COST

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    Yasir Lali
    45 views19 pages
    This document proposes a new COST Action called CRYOPLANET to coordinate research on cryopreservation of crop species in Europe. Cryopreservation, the storage of living tissues at ultra-low temperatures, is important for conserving plant genetic resources but protocols have only been developed for around 150-200 plant species. The objectives of CRYOPLANET are to improve understanding of cryopreservation through research on cryoprotection, develop new protocols, and apply cryopreservation to European plant genebanks. It will have two working groups, one focusing on the fundamental aspects of cryopreservation and genetic stability, the other on technology and applications. The action will involve researchers from 17 countries and last 4 years with annual meetings

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    This document proposes a new COST Action called CRYOPLANET to coordinate research on cryopreservation of crop species in Europe. Cryopreservation, the storage of living tissues at ultra-low temperatures, is important for conserving plant genetic resources but protocols have only been developed for around 150-200 plant species. The objectives of CRYOPLANET are to improve understanding of cryopreservation through research on cryoprotection, develop new protocols, and apply cryopreservation to European plant genebanks. It will have two working groups, one focusing on the fundamental aspects of cryopreservation and genetic stability, the other on technology and applications. The action will involve researchers from 17 countries and last 4 years with annual meetings

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    45 views19 pages

    COST

    Uploaded by

    Yasir Lali
    This document proposes a new COST Action called CRYOPLANET to coordinate research on cryopreservation of crop species in Europe. Cryopreservation, the storage of living tissues at ultra-low temperatures, is important for conserving plant genetic resources but protocols have only been developed for around 150-200 plant species. The objectives of CRYOPLANET are to improve understanding of cryopreservation through research on cryoprotection, develop new protocols, and apply cryopreservation to European plant genebanks. It will have two working groups, one focusing on the fundamental aspects of cryopreservation and genetic stability, the other on technology and applications. The action will involve researchers from 17 countries and last 4 years with annual meetings

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    of 19

    COST Technical Committee "Agriculture, Biotechnology and Food

    Science"
    Proposal for a new COST Action

    Cryopreservation of crop species in


    Europe
    ACRONYM: CRYOPLANET
    Proposing country: Belgium
    Action Proposer : Bart Panis

    Plant Genetic Resources: Current situation


    Europe
    64 endemic plants of Europe have become extinct in recent decades
    24% of the species/subspecies of certain groups of European plants
    are in danger to be lost
    Agricultural intensification has reduced the area under wetlands in
    Europe by some 60 % in the last decades with consequent
    threats on biodiversity

    Worldwide

    100,000 plants representing 1/3rd of plant species are


    threatened
    Since the 1970s large number of land races and wild
    relatives are sampled and stored ex situ
    Now, about 6 million samples are held in national, regional,
    international and private genebank collections

    Storage of Plant germplasm


    In situ : Conservation in normal habitat
    rain forests, gardens, farms

    Ex Situ :
    Field collection, Botanical gardens
    Seed collections
    In vitro collection
    Normal growth
    Slow growth (temp, O2 , H2O , medium ~)
    Cryopreservation (-196C)

    (DNA Banks)

    What is cryopreservation ?
    What ?
    Storage of living tissues at ultra-low temperatures (-196C)
    Use
    Conservation of plant germplasm
    Vegetatively propagated species (root and tubers, ornamental, fruit
    trees)
    Recalcitrant seed species (Howea, coconut, coffee)

    Conservation of tissue with specific characteristics


    Medicinal and alcohol producing cell lines
    Genetically transformed tissues
    Transformation/Mutagenesis competent tissues (ECSs)

    Eradication of viruses (Banana, Plum)


    Conservation of plant pathogens (fungi, nematodes)

    What is the problem with plant


    cryopreservation ?

    Cryopreservation procedures are now available for about 150200 different plant species
    But for each species and tissue type, the cryopreservation
    protocol needs to be empirically adapted in function of their
    natural freezing resistance
    explant size and type
    water content
    Most of the work on cryopreservation of plants has been
    performed in the framework of academic studies and involves
    only one or a few genotypes. Only few plant germplasm
    collections stored in liquid nitrogen currently exist (with a relatively
    limited amount of accessions).

    No real standardised methods are available !!!

    Examples of existing collections in liquid


    nitrogen?

    National Seed Storage Laboratory (NSSL) (Fort Collins,


    Colorado, USA): 2,100 accessions of apple (dormant buds)
    National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) of Corvallis
    (USA): 104 accessions of pear (shoot tips);
    International Potato Centre (CIP) (Lima, Peru) : 345 potato
    accessions
    Tissue Culture BC Research Inc.(Vancouver, BC, Canada) : 5000
    accessions representing 14 conifer species
    AFOCEL (Association Fort Cellulose) of France, with over 100
    accessions of elm (dormant buds);
    National Institute of Agrobiological Resources (NIAR) of
    Japan, with about 50 accessions of mulberry.
    IRD (Montpellier, France) : 80 accessions of oil palm
    German Collection of Micro-organisms and Cell Cultures
    (DSMZ) (Braunschweig, Germany) : 519 old potato varieties
    INIBAP, Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement,
    K.U.Leuven (Heverlee, Belgium) : 440 banana accessions

    Why is cryopreservation not more widely


    applied?
    (i) the unavailability of efficient and robust cryopreservation
    protocols applicable to many plant species and diverse
    germplasm types
    (ii) limited awareness of plant researchers unacquainted to
    recent developments in cryogenic storage methods
    (iii) lack of coordinated research on plant cryopreservation.
    COST action like CRYOPLANET could make the difference

    Why are the objectives of CRYOPLANET ?

    Objective 1: To screen in detail the current utilization of


    plant cryopreservation in Europe.
    Objective 2: To screen and compare the efficiency of
    existing plant cryopreservation protocols.
    Objective 3: To improve fundamental knowledge about
    cryoprotection through the determination of physicobiochemical changes associated with tolerance
    towards cryopreservation.
    Objective 4: To develop new plant cryopreservation
    protocols.
    Objective 5: To assure the genetic stability and true-totypeness of plants after cryopreservation.
    Objective 6: To apply cryopreservation to European
    plant germplasm collections.
    Objective 7: To proof the environmental, social and
    economic impact of plant cryopreservation.

    Scientific programme of CRYOPLANET ?

    WG1
    Fundamental aspects of
    cryopreservation/cryoprotectio
    n and genetic stability
    Optimisation

    Feed back

    WG2
    Technology, application and
    validation of plant
    cryopreservation

    WG1: Fundamental aspects of


    cryopreservation/cryoprotection and genetic stability
    1.1. Fundamental aspect of cryopreservation and
    cryoprotection
    Elucidation of the physico-biochemical background of
    cryoprotection and cryopreservation.
    Water thermal
    behavior

    Proteins

    Sugars

    Membrane
    components

    Polyamines

    Cytoskeletal
    protein

    Oxidative
    stress

    WG1: Fundamental aspects of


    cryopreservation/cryoprotection and genetic stability
    1.2. Genetic stability and authenticity
    Assessment of the genetic integrity of plants to determine if
    they are true to type after cryopreservation.

    Assessments of phenotypic variation (morphological descriptors)


    Cytological techniques to detect various types of chromosomal
    instability. (polyploidy, aneuploidy and other mitotic abnormalities)
    Biochemical metabolite/protein (isozyme) profiles
    Genomic DNA sequences that can be analysed using a range of
    hybridization and (PCR) techniques
    Epi-genetic variation in chromatin and DNA methylation of gene
    sequences

    WG2: Technology, application and validation of plant


    cryopreservation
    2.1. Technology aspects of cryopreservation
    Applications of different cryopreservation protocols to different
    plant species and tissues.

    WG2: Technology, application and validation of plant


    cryopreservation
    2.2. Impact and applications of cryopreservation in
    plants
    genebanks, establishment of cryo-bank and dissemination of
    results

    Organisation of CRYOPLANET
    The Management Committee (MC)

    Appointment of Action Chair, Vice-Chair(s) and WG Coordinators.


    Planning of MC meetings and of Scientific Meetings and
    Workshops.
    Assessment and report of the progress made by the
    different WGs
    Promotion of co-operation and of data exchange between
    the WGs.
    Promotion and approval of Short-Term Scientific Missions,
    Preparation of the Annual Reports.
    Establishment and update of a Web site
    Organization of contacts and common workshops
    Preparation of a EU 7th framework project

    Organisation of CRYOPLANET
    Two Working Groups
    WG1 : Fundamental aspects of
    cryopreservation/cryoprotection and genetic stability
    WG2: Technology, application and validation of plant
    cryopreservation
    Working Group meetings will be organised on a yearly base
    WG coordinators
    Planning the appropriate Scientific Meetings.
    Coordination of the activities within the WG.
    Promoting joint research (f.e. STSMs) and common
    publications.
    Report on the WG progress to the Action Chair and MC
    Participation in the plenary and restricted MC meetings.
    Inter-COST Workshops
    Short-Term Scientific Missions (STSM),

    Time table
    Year 1

    Year 2

    Year 3

    Year 4

    Coordination
    Kick-off
    meeting
    Homepage
    Reporting
    MC meeting
    WG1 meeting
    WG2 meeting
    Workshop*
    STSMs
    Final Conference

    MC meeting: Management committee meeting; WG meeting: Working group


    meeting; STSMs: Short-term scientific missions; Workshop*: Timing of the InterCOST Workshops will be defined in agreement with the Management committee of
    that specific Action.

    Economic dimensions
    17 COST countries
    64 researchers
    50 research
    institutes

    Dissemination

    Articles in refereed scientific journals


    Common reviews, books
    A public website (information about the project, the
    achievements, services/consultancies offered and
    announcements of training workshops.
    Information on the official webpages of the
    collaborating institutions.
    The consortium will organize workshops for scientists,
    germplasm curators regulatory bodies and policy makers
    At the end of the Action, the consortium will offer its
    expertise as a service to the EU.
    Presentations at International Conferences, for
    promoting the European know-how and increasing the
    international collaboration.
    Teaching activities in Universities at undergraduate and
    post-graduate level. Young scientists and engineers will thus
    be trained and informed on the latest developments in
    cryopreservation.

    Acknowledgements
    Carpentier Sebastien, Druart Philippe, Geelen Danny, Swennen
    Rony, Tsvetkov Ivaylo, Bilavcik Alois, Faltus Milos, Zamecnik Jiri,
    Antonius-Klemola Kristiina, Hggman Hely, Nukari Anna, Rokka
    Veli-Matti, Uosukainen Marjatta, Dussert Stphane,
    Engelmann Florent, Grapin Agns, Harvengt Luc, Malaurie
    Bernard, Pros Jean-Pierre, Trontin Jean-Franois, Hfer Monika,
    Keller Joachim, Meier-Dinkel Andreas, Pinker Ina, Schumacher
    Heinz Martin,Benelli Carla, Caboni Emilia, Damiano Carmine,
    Dulloo Ehsan, Lambardi Maurizio, Hausman Jean-Franois, Criel
    Bram, Harrouni Cherif, de Klerk Geert-Jan, Raemakers Krit, Bach
    Anna, Lisek Anna, Mikua Anna, Niedzielski Maciej, Pukacki
    Pawel M., Rybczyski Jan J., Sochacki Dariusz, Zimny Janusz,
    Miguel Clia, Reis Moura Isabel, OliveiraMargarida,Halmagyi
    Adela, Palada Magdalena, Rakosy-Tican Elena, Gavrilenko
    Tatjana, Salaj Terezia, Gonzlez-Benito Elena, Revilla M. ngeles,
    Vieitez Ana, Pques Marc, Feki Lotfi, Aylin Ozudogru Elif, OzdenTokatli Yelda, Benson Erica, Cripps Ryan, Grout Brian, Harding
    Keith, Lynch Paul T., Pritchard Hugh W.,Wetten Andy

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