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    Human Biology Ppt. Nutrition

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    AndresVargas
    For college students studying on nutrition and its effects on the body.

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    Human Biology Ppt. Nutrition

    Uploaded by

    AndresVargas
    478 views15 pages
    For college students studying on nutrition and its effects on the body.

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    Human Biology ppt. Nutrition

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    For college students studying on nutrition and its effects on the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    478 views15 pages

    Human Biology Ppt. Nutrition

    Uploaded by

    AndresVargas
    For college students studying on nutrition and its effects on the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Human Biology and Health Studies

    Topic 3

    Nutrition
    Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings

    Nutrition

    Nutrition is the study of how the body


    uses the nutrients from the food we eat to
    provide energy needed for growth, repair
    and reproduction.
    We get these nutrients from carbohydrates,
    proteins, fat, vitamins and minerals as well
    as water and fibre.
    To stay healthy we need to eat a good
    balance of the different kinds of nutrients.

    Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings

    Protein
    Protein is present in meat, dairy products(such as
    milk), eggs, legumes (peas, beans and pulses)
    and nuts.
    We need proteins for:
    Building and repairing body tissues,
    particularly muscle tissue.
    Making enzymes that are needed for
    metabolism.
    Building antibodies which protect us against
    disease.
    Children who lack proteins will suffer from
    kwashiorkor and marasmus.

    Carbohydrates
    Carbohydrates is present in sugars, starch and
    cellulose.
    Cellulose is the material which forms plant cell
    walls which is difficult to digest, so most of our
    carbohydrates come from food containing sugar
    and starch.
    Are mainly found in plants such as ground
    provisions (yams, cassava, potatoes, etc.), fruits,
    vegetables, peas and beans. Also in some
    animal products such as milk, yoghurt and
    cheese.
    It also provide us with energy.
    A deficiency in carbohydrates result in lack of
    energy.

    fats and oils


    Fats are found in foods that come from animals,
    such as cheese, butter, margarine, cream, lard,
    milk and red meat.
    Oils are mostly found in foods from plants,
    especially the seeds and fruits. Some fish also
    contain high levels of oil.
    Fats are important because they:
    Can be digested to provide energy and water;
    Contain fat soluble vitamins D and E;
    Act as insulation to protect internal organs.
    A diet high in animal fats is often associated with
    hearth and circulatory disease.

    Water
    Water is very important for the survival of living
    organisms since all chemical reactions in our
    bodies requires it. We contain 70% water by
    mass.
    In humans, water is also required for:
    Transporting nutrients and waste products.
    Digestion, absorption, circulatory, and
    excretory functions;
    Absorption of water soluble vitamins;
    Maintaining proper body temperature.

    water
    Water is constantly lost from the body by
    breathing and sweating so on average we need
    to drink at least 2 litres of water daily.
    A total lack of water for five or more days will
    result in death.
    People who do not drink sufficient water will
    suffer from headaches, poor concentration,
    tiredness, kidney infections and constipation.
    Drinking too much water is also dangerous as it
    dilutes the fluids in the body too much causing
    water intoxication.

    fibre
    Dietary fibre is also called roughage. We get
    this mainly from plants such as fruit, vegetables
    and grains.
    It is not truly a food since it cannot be digested in
    the human body however it is important since it
    allows for the easy elimination of faeces.
    It retains water, which results in softer and
    bulkier faeces and prevents constipation.
    It also reduces the risk of colon cancer since the
    fibres in the faeces clean the colon as it passes
    out.

    Vitamins and minerals


    Vitamins and minerals only need to be eaten in
    small amounts to keep us healthy. However,
    they contain elements that are essential to many
    of the functions of our body, so a deficiency in
    the diet can quickly cause problems.
    Vitamins are used in many of the reactions in our
    bodies that convert nutrients into energy and
    body tissue.
    We therefore need a balanced diet to stay
    healthy.
    QUESTIONS???

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