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Presentation On Hysterosalpingography: BY Mahmud M Alkali I.D: 12/01/09/069 Radiography, Unimaid. 2014/2015 SESSION
Presentation On Hysterosalpingography: BY Mahmud M Alkali I.D: 12/01/09/069 Radiography, Unimaid. 2014/2015 SESSION
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY
BY
MAHMUD M ALKALI
I.D: 12/01/09/069
RADIOGRAPHY,UNIMAID.
2014/2015 SESSION.
INTRODUCTION
ANATOMY RELEVANT TO HSG:
Anatomic considerations for hysterosalpingography include
the principal organs of the female reproductive system,
including the vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries
The uterus is the central organ of the female pelvis. It is a
pear-shaped, hollow, muscular organ that is bordered
posteriorly by the rectosigmoid colon and anteriorly by the
urinary bladder The size and shape of the uterus vary,
depending on the patient's age and reproductive history. The
uterus is positioned most commonly in the midline of the
pelvis in an anteflexed position supported chiefly by the
various ligaments. The position may vary with bladder or
rectosigmoid distention, age, and posture.
INTRO CONTD
The uterus is subdivided into four divisions: (1) the fundus, (2) the
corpus (body), (3) the isthmus, and (4) the cervix (neck) The fundus is
the rounded, superior portion of the uterus. The corpus (body) is the
larger central component of the uterine tissue. The narrow, constricted
segment, often described as the lower uterine segment that joins the
cervix at the internal os, is the isthmus. The cervix is the distal
cylindrical portion that projects into the vagina, ending as the external
os.
The uterus is composed of inner, middle, and outer layers. The inner
lining is the endometrium, which lines the uterine cavity and undergoes
cyclic changes in correspondence to the woman's menstrual cycle. The
middle layer, the myometrium, consists of smooth muscle and
constitutes the majority of the uterine tissue. The outer surface of the
uterus, the serosa, is lined with peritoneum and forms a capsule
around the uterus.
INTRO CNTD
CNTD
HSG
INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS
INDICATIONS FOR HSG
Infertility
Recurrent spontaneous
abortion
Post-operative
evaluation following
tubal ligation or reversal
of tubal ligation.
Pre-operative evaluation
prior to myomectomy
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Pregnancy
Active pelvic infection
Recent dilatation or
abortion or immediate to
post-menstruation.
Contrast medium
Patient preparation
.-The patient should abstain from intercourse prior the
procedure,unless she uses a reliable method of
contraception. OR using the10 day rule method
-The examination can be booked between the 4th and
10th days in a patient with regular 28-day cycle.
-Apprehensive patients may need premedication.
-Because patients may experience cramping during the
examination, women are advised to take a nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drug 1 hour prior to the procedure.
Preliminary film
Coned PA view of the pelvic cavity
Technique
Technique
Films
Films cntd
Films cntd
Films cntd
films
Complications of HSG
A) Due to contrast medium:
Allergic reaction
Intravasation of contrast medium
B) Due to the technique:
Pain; when using forceps,during insertion of
cannula e.t.c
Bleeding from trauma to the uterus or cervix
C) Infection
D) Abortion
After Care
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
A Guide to Radiological Procedures by Stephen
Chapman.
Simpson WL, Beitia LG, Mester J.
Hysterosalpingography: a reemerging study.
Radiographics.26(2): 419-31
Chalazonitis A, Tzavara I, Laspas F et-al.HSG :
technique and applications. Curr probi Diagn
Radiol. 38 (5): 199-205.
Renbaum L, Ufberg D, Sammel M et-al.
Reliability of clinicians versus radiologists for
detecting abnormalities on hysterosalpingogram
films. Fertil. Steril. 2002; 78 (3): 614-8.