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    An Introduction To Density: by Helen Hanson & John Macaluso

    Uploaded by

    MUHAMMAD AKRAM
    This document provides an introduction to density. It defines density as the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Different methods for calculating density are presented, including using the mass and volume of a sample directly in the density formula, and finding the volume of water displaced by an object to determine its volume. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density from given values of mass and volume or vice versa. The relationships between density, mass, volume, and floating versus sinking are explored.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    An Introduction To Density: by Helen Hanson & John Macaluso

    Uploaded by

    MUHAMMAD AKRAM
    61 views23 pages
    This document provides an introduction to density. It defines density as the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Different methods for calculating density are presented, including using the mass and volume of a sample directly in the density formula, and finding the volume of water displaced by an object to determine its volume. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density from given values of mass and volume or vice versa. The relationships between density, mass, volume, and floating versus sinking are explored.

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    Density Intro

    Original Title

    Density Intro

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document provides an introduction to density. It defines density as the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Different methods for calculating density are presented, including using the mass and volume of a sample directly in the density formula, and finding the volume of water displaced by an object to determine its volume. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density from given values of mass and volume or vice versa. The relationships between density, mass, volume, and floating versus sinking are explored.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    61 views23 pages

    An Introduction To Density: by Helen Hanson & John Macaluso

    Uploaded by

    MUHAMMAD AKRAM
    This document provides an introduction to density. It defines density as the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Different methods for calculating density are presented, including using the mass and volume of a sample directly in the density formula, and finding the volume of water displaced by an object to determine its volume. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating density from given values of mass and volume or vice versa. The relationships between density, mass, volume, and floating versus sinking are explored.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    An Introduction to Density

    by
    Helen Hanson &
    John Macaluso

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Density
    Density is the ratio of the mass of an object to
    its volume
    D =

    mass = m
    volume
    V
    Units are g/cm3

    Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Learning Check 1
    Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its
    density in g/cm3 if 50.00 g of the metal occupies
    a volume of 2.22cm3?

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Solution
    Placing the mass and volume of the osmium metal
    into the density setup, we obtain
    D = mass = 50.00 g
    volume 2.22cm3
    = 22.5225 g/cm3
    = 22.52 g/cm3
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Volume Displacement
    A solid displaces a matching volume of water when the solid is placed in water.

    25 mL

    33 mL
    25 mL

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Learning Check 2
    What is the density (g/cm3) of 48 g of a metal if
    the metal raises the level of water in a graduated
    cylinder from 25 mL to 33 mL?
    1) 0.2 g/ cm3 2) 6 g/m3 3) 252 g/cm3

    33 mL
    25 mL
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Solution
    2) 6 g/cm3
    Volume (mL) of water displaced
    = 33 mL - 25 mL = 8 mL
    Volume of metal (cm3)
    = 8 mL x 1 cm3 =
    1 mL
    Density of metal =
    mass
    volume

    = 48 g
    8 cm3

    8 cm3

    = 6 g/cm3

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Methods for Finding Volume


    The density can also be found by calculating
    the volume of an object and measuring its
    mass.

    height

    V=(length)(width)(height)

    width
    length

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Density of a Cylinder

    What is the density of a cylinder with a


    mass of 250.0g, a radius of 2.0 cm, and a
    height of 10.0 cm?
    r
    h

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    Density of a Cylinder
    Vcylinder = r2h = x 5 x 5 x 10 (cm)(cm)(cm)
    = 250 cm3
    r
    r = radius
    h = height
    D = 250/(250) g/cm3
    D = m/V
    D =1/ g/cm3
    m = 250.0 g
    D = 0.318 g/cm3
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    10

    Why Do Things Float?


    Things (whether solid, liquid or gas) with
    LESS density will float in a liquid with
    GREATER density.

    For example, this is why a stone (with HIGH


    density) will sink in water (LOW density), but
    a cork (LOW density) will float in water.
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    11

    Learning Check 3
    Which diagram represents the liquid layers in
    the cylinder?
    (K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil
    (0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL)

    1)

    2)

    3)

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    12

    Solution
    (K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil
    (0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL)

    1)
    V
    W
    K
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    13

    Density as Conversion Factors


    A substance has a density of 3.8 g/mL.
    Density

    = 3.8

    Equality

    g/mL

    3.8 g = 1 mL

    Conversion factors:
    3.8 g
    1 mL

    and

    1 mL
    3.8 g

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    14

    Density Connections
    Mass

    Volume

    kg L
    g mL (cm3)
    mg
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    15

    Learning Check
    The density of octane, a component of
    gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in
    kg, of 875 mL of octane?
    1) 0.614 kg
    2) 614 kg
    3) 1.25 kg
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    16

    Solution
    1) 0.614 kg
    Unit plan: mL g kg
    Equalities: 1 mL = 0.702 g and 1 kg = 1000 g
    Setup:
    875 mL x 0.702 g
    1 mL

    1 kg
    1000 g

    density
    metric
    factor
    factor
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    = 0.614 kg

    17

    Learning Check
    If blood has a density of 1.05 g/mL, how
    many liters of blood are donated if 575 g of
    blood are given?
    1) 0.548 L
    2) 1.25 L
    3) 1.83 L
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    18

    Solution
    1) Unit Plan: g

    575 g x

    mL

    1 mL x 1 L
    =
    1.05 g
    1000 mL

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    0.548 L

    19

    Learning Check
    A group of students collected 125 empty
    aluminum cans to take to the recycling
    center. If each can has a mass of 3g what
    volume of aluminum can be made if the
    cans were melted (Hint: d = 2.7 g/mL)?
    1) 0.139L 2) 207 L 3) 4.85 L
    lecturePLUS Timberl

    20

    Solution
    1) 1.0 L
    125 cans x

    3g
    = 375g = mass
    1 can
    So, V = mass = 375g = 139mL = 0.139L
    density 2.7 g/mL

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    21

    Learning Check
    You have 3 metal samples. Which one will displace
    the greatest volume of water?
    1
    2
    3
    25 g Al
    2.70 g/mL

    45 g of gold
    19.3 g/mL

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    75 g of Lead
    11.3 g/mL

    22

    Solution
    1)

    25 g Al x

    1 mL = 9.2 mL
    2.70 g

    25 g Al
    2.70 g/mL

    lecturePLUS Timberl

    23

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