8.2 Kumajma
8.2 Kumajma
8.2 Kumajma
Kenichi Kuma
Counsellor, Administration Department
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
1
Todays presentation
Natural disaster management in Japan
Japan as a disaster prone country
Disaster mitigation and prevention framework in Japan
The role of Japan Meteorological Agency
Legal framework
Volcan
oes
Tropical
Cyclones
11 TCs / year
(approach)
3 TCs / year (landfall)
3
Asian Monsoon :heavy
rain/sno
Combination
is required
for disaster
managemen
t
Non-Structural
Measures
Structu
ral
measur
Collab
Non-structural
o
measures
Met.
ration
Natural Disasters
Prevention/Mitigation
Preventive
Actions
JMA
Warnings /
Advisories
Weather
information
Prefectures
Municipalitie
s
(Cities,
Evacuati Medi
Towns)
on
a
Instructi
on
Disaster Management
Headquarters
Chair; Prime Minister
Emergency
Team
Related
Authorities
River
Management
Authorities
Citizens
Natural
Disaster
Recovery
Public
-Help
JMA Local
Local Offices
Offices
Headquarters
Headquarters
SelfHelp
CoHelp
Forecast
20 X X X X
20 X X X X
Warnings
Prefectures
Prefectures
Municipalities
Municipalities
Information
Citizens
Citizens
Evacuation Order
and Instruction
Staff
assembling
Evacuation
JMAs mission
(19
Number of subdivisions
advisor
y
No
warning
or
advisory
8
warning
Mar. 2001
Mar. 2002
Mar. 2003
Mar. 2004
Mar. 2005
Mar. 2006
Mar. 2007
Mar. 2008
Mar. 2010
May. 2010
municipalities
advisor
y
No
warning
or
advisory
27
Earthquake
1.5min.
2 3min.
S-wave
Earthquake
EarthquakeEarly
EarlyWarning
Warning
Automatic
processing
Seismic
SeismicIntensity
Intensity
Information
Information
Automatic
processing
Earthquake
EarthquakeInformation
Information
(Hypocenter
(Hypocenterand
andMagnitude
Magnitude))
5min.
Tsunami
TsunamiInformation
Information
(Observed
(ObservedTsunami
TsunamiHeights
Heights
and
andArrival
ArrivalTimes)
Times)
Earthquake
Earthquakeand
andSeismic
Seismic
Intensity
IntensityInformation
Information
Seismic
SeismicIntensity
Intensity
Information
Informationatateach
each
Site
Site
11
Cabinet Secretariat
call of an urgent gathering
team
Ministry of Defense
investigation of damages
Japan coast guard
investigation of damages
Cabinet Office
estimation of damages
Metropolitan Police
Department,
Fire and Disaster
13
Management Agency
14
Immediate
evacuation from
areas of the tsunami
Precautionary measures
in homes, schools,
halls, shopping centers,
etc..
Traffic control
signals, traffic
regulation
People in hazardous
locations
Ensuring the safety
Hospitals Prevention
of errors in operations
News
Volcanic Warning
Volcano alert levels
Observations
Observations at
at each
each
volcano
volcano
Volcanic
Volcanic Observations
Observations and
and
Information
Information Center
Center
Issurance of
Volcanic Warnings
Japan
Japan
Coast
Coast
Guard
Guard
Local
Local
Meteorological
Meteorological
Polic
Observatories
Polic Observatories
NHK
NTT
NHK
NTT
e
e
Prefectural
Prefectural
Offices
Offices
Local
Local municipalities
municipalities
Vessels
Vessels
Citizens
Citizens
Inhabitants
16 // Inhabitants
Information
Exchange
at
a
Northwe
st Pacific
Ocean
Tsunami
Bulletins
NWPTA *1
TWI *2
Data
Indian Ocean
JMA
Analysis
Hypocenter
Magnitude
Evaluation of Tsunamigenic
Potential
Tsunami Observation etc.
4.4/ye
ar
19812010
3.0/ye 16.4/y
ar
ear
18 UTC
from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropic
adviso
ry
NMHS
warning
people
WMO region
Telecommunicati
on,
Environmental
Emergency
Response,
etc.
Northwest Pacific
The Global Maritime Distress
Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Tsunami Advisory
and Safety System (GMDSS)
center
Services
19
Dissemination of Information
Official Single
Voice
Information
System
Governme
nt
Prefectures/Citi
es
Medi
a
Private activities
JMA
Public
JMA website
Weather
Warning
Typhoon
information
Volcanic
Warning
3.11
<<Inundated
Area>>
Population: 16,640
Death and Missing:
2,170
Unified Format:
from various forms of conventional texts to a
unified and comprehensive format.
Consolidated description:
Multiple information in one single bulletin; from
observations to forecasts
Flexible format:
Format allowing new elements to be added for
future services
<Control>
-Title
-Datetime
-
<Head>
-Headline
-TargetArea
-
Ref.
<Body>
*meteorology
*seismology
*volcanology
Project collaborators
Technical support from the XML Consortium
on XML standardization
Coordination with governmental organizations
and the mass media
23
Basic elements
<Pressure>,<WindSpeed>,
<Magunitude>,<Tsunami>,
Profitableness to users:
Detail
public safety
time-sequential
values
JMX
quantitative
CAP can be generated fromestimates
JMX
24
25