Link-State Routing Protocols
Link-State Routing Protocols
Link-State Routing Protocols
PROTOCOLS
Routing Protocols and Concepts
OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Dikjstras algorithm also known as the shortest path
first (SPF) algorithm
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Link-State Routing Process
How routers using Link State Routing Protocols reach
convergence
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Directly Connected
Networks
Link
This is an interface on
a
router
Link state
This is the information
about the state of the
links
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Sending Hello Packets to Neighbors
Link state routing protocols use a hello protocol
Purpose of a hello protocol:
-To discover neighbors (that use the same
link state routing protocol) on its link
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Sending Hello Packets to
Neighbors
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Building the Link State
Packet
Each router builds its own
Link State Packet (LSP)
Contents of LSP:
-State of each directly
connected link
-Includes information
about neighbors such as
neighbor ID, link type,
& bandwidth.
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Flooding LSPs to Neighbors
Once LSP are created they are forwarded out to
neighbors.
-After receiving the LSP the neighbor continues to
forward it throughout routing area.
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Constructing a link state data base
Routers use a database to construct a topology map
of the network
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Shortest Path First (SPF) Tree
Building a portion of the SPF tree
Process begins by examining R2s LSP information
-R1 ignores 1st LSP
Reason: R1 already knows its connected to
R2
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
LINK-STATE ROUTING
Routing
protocol
Builds
Topological
map
Router can
independently
determine the
shortest path to
every network.
Convergence
A periodic/
event driven
routing updates
Use
of
LSP
Distance
vector
No
No
Slow
Generally No
No
Link State
Yes
Yes
Fast
Generally Yes
Yes
SUMMARY
Link State Routing protocols are also known as
Shortest Path First protocols
Summarizing the link state process
SUMMARY
Link
An interface on the router
Link State
Information about an interface such as
-IP address
-Subnet mask
-Type of network
-Cost associated with link
-Neighboring routers on the link
SUMMARY