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    Mitosis: Samuel C. Brillo

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    Sam Brillo
    The document discusses the process of mitosis, including the cell cycle phases of interphase and the M phase which consists of prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase where the chromosomes are duplicated and separated into two identical daughter cells. Key terms related to chromosomes such as DNA, chromatid, centromere, and kinetochore are also defined. Diagrams of mitotic stages in onion and whitefish cells are provided to illustrate the process.

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    Mitosis: Samuel C. Brillo

    Uploaded by

    Sam Brillo
    23 views20 pages
    The document discusses the process of mitosis, including the cell cycle phases of interphase and the M phase which consists of prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase where the chromosomes are duplicated and separated into two identical daughter cells. Key terms related to chromosomes such as DNA, chromatid, centromere, and kinetochore are also defined. Diagrams of mitotic stages in onion and whitefish cells are provided to illustrate the process.

    Original Description:

    General mitosis

    Original Title

    Mitosis

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    The document discusses the process of mitosis, including the cell cycle phases of interphase and the M phase which consists of prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase where the chromosomes are duplicated and separated into two identical daughter cells. Key terms related to chromosomes such as DNA, chromatid, centromere, and kinetochore are also defined. Diagrams of mitotic stages in onion and whitefish cells are provided to illustrate the process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views20 pages

    Mitosis: Samuel C. Brillo

    Uploaded by

    Sam Brillo
    The document discusses the process of mitosis, including the cell cycle phases of interphase and the M phase which consists of prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase where the chromosomes are duplicated and separated into two identical daughter cells. Key terms related to chromosomes such as DNA, chromatid, centromere, and kinetochore are also defined. Diagrams of mitotic stages in onion and whitefish cells are provided to illustrate the process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Samuel C.

    Brillo

    Mitosis
    Lets review! Series of events that take place in cell

    The Cell Cycle


    which leads to division and duplication of
    DNA to produce two daughter cells.

    Phase Activity Time Some cells that


    temporarily or
    permanently
    G0 phase withdraw from the
    G1 phase Cell proliferation 5 hours cell cycle are said to
    enter the G0 stage.

    S phase DNA synthesis 7 hours

    Cell development,
    cell enlargement,
    G2 phase 3 hours
    preparation for
    mitosis

    M phase Cell division 1 hour


    Words to Ponder
    DNA carrier of genetic information.
    Chromatin coiled DNA/fiber form
    Chromosome a coil within a coiled DNA;
    condensed DNA visible.
    Chromatid building block of chromosome
    (half block).
    Centromere Central region of
    chromosome
    Kinetochore Point of attachment of
    spindle fiber; protein spikes in centromere
    Centrosome - an organelle near the
    nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles
    (in animal cells) and from which the spindle
    fibers develop in cell division.
    M phase
    -Also called Mitotic phase converts diploid cell into two diploid
    daughter cells.
    -Occurs in somatic cells (body cells except gametes)
    -Consists of four main phases:
    1. Prophase
    2. Prometaphase
    3. Metaphase
    4. Anaphase
    5. Telophase
    -After telophase, cytokinesis occurs.

    REMEMBER! Papa, Please Make A Tea.


    Lets study the structure of
    Chromosome.
    Prophase
    Chromosomes condense and
    become visible to naked eye under
    microscope.
    (Remember that chromosomes are
    invisible during interphase.)
    Spindle fibers emerge from
    centrosomes.
    Nuclear envelope breaks down
    (Remember that nuclear envelope
    came from nucleus)
    Centrosomes move toward the
    opposite poles.
    Prometaphase
    Chromosomes continue to
    condense
    Kinetochores appear to
    centromeres
    Mitotic spindle microtubules
    attach to kinetochores.
    Metaphase
    Chromosomes are lined up,
    arranged at the center of cell
    called metaphase plate
    Each sister chromatid is
    attached to a spindle fiber
    originating from opposite
    poles.
    Anaphase
    Centromeres will split/cute
    into two.
    Sister chromatids are pulled
    toward to opposite poles.
    Spindle fibers will continue to
    elongate the cell, which also
    contributes to the cell to push
    apart.
    Telophase
    Telophase is the final stage.
    Once chromosomes arrive to
    opposite poles, chromosomes
    will be decondensed.
    Each set of chromosomes will
    surround by nuclear
    envelope.
    Mitotic spindle will break
    down
    Spindle fibers continue to
    push poles apart.
    In animal cell:
    -A cleavage furrow forms,

    Cytokinesis which separate daughter cells.

    In plant cell:
    -A cell plate forms, which also
    precursor of cell wall.
    Mitotic stages in Onion cell, Allium sativum
    Mitotic stages in Whitefish,
    Coregonus clupeaformis
    Lets recap!
    Lets have a game!

    Bring me, Bring me!


    Assignment

    1. What is meiosis?

    2. What are the main


    differences between
    meiosis and mitosis?

    3. Why is meiosis
    important?

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