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    Bioplastic 12857233975088 Phpapp01

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    Rahul Sen
    Plastics are widely used due to their large range of possible structures and easy processing. Bioplastics are a form of plastic made from renewable biomass rather than fossil fuels, and are designed to be biodegradable. Common types include starch-based, PLA, and PHB. Bioplastics have properties suitable for food packaging and other applications. While bioplastics have advantages like lower fossil fuel use, they also have disadvantages such as not always readily decomposing and using land that could grow food. The bioplastics market is growing over 8-10% per year.

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    Bioplastic 12857233975088 Phpapp01

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Sen
    216 views39 pages
    Plastics are widely used due to their large range of possible structures and easy processing. Bioplastics are a form of plastic made from renewable biomass rather than fossil fuels, and are designed to be biodegradable. Common types include starch-based, PLA, and PHB. Bioplastics have properties suitable for food packaging and other applications. While bioplastics have advantages like lower fossil fuel use, they also have disadvantages such as not always readily decomposing and using land that could grow food. The bioplastics market is growing over 8-10% per year.

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    Plastics are widely used due to their large range of possible structures and easy processing. Bioplastics are a form of plastic made from renewable biomass rather than fossil fuels, and are designed to be biodegradable. Common types include starch-based, PLA, and PHB. Bioplastics have properties suitable for food packaging and other applications. While bioplastics have advantages like lower fossil fuel use, they also have disadvantages such as not always readily decomposing and using land that could grow food. The bioplastics market is growing over 8-10% per year.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    216 views39 pages

    Bioplastic 12857233975088 Phpapp01

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Sen
    Plastics are widely used due to their large range of possible structures and easy processing. Bioplastics are a form of plastic made from renewable biomass rather than fossil fuels, and are designed to be biodegradable. Common types include starch-based, PLA, and PHB. Bioplastics have properties suitable for food packaging and other applications. While bioplastics have advantages like lower fossil fuel use, they also have disadvantages such as not always readily decomposing and using land that could grow food. The bioplastics market is growing over 8-10% per year.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 39

    PLASTICS

    Two main reasons why they are so


    widespread.
    An enormous range of possible
    structures, giving a huge variety
    of properties.

    Easy to process and shape,


    leading to simple manufacture.
    Snag
    Bioplastics

    Recycled
    plastics

    Biodegradable
    plastics
    BIOPLASTICS
    Bioplastics are a form of plastics
    derived from renewable biomass
    sources, such as vegetable oil, corn
    starch, pea starch, or micro biota,
    rather than fossil-fuel plastics (which
    are derived from petroleum).
    Bio-plastics are based on the principle
    of the natural cycle i.e. organic material
    is generated by photo-synthesis and is
    broken down by microbial degradation
    into the initial products of CO2 and
    water.
    Types of Bioplastics

    Starch and Starch Blends

    PLA/ Poly Lactic acid

    PHB Poly-3-hydroxybutyrates
    Starch based plastics
    - from plants
    Amylopectin

    Non branched Amylose


    Cont
    Partially crystalline
    Higher density
    low resistance to oil and solvents
    Easy to process but vulnerable to
    degradation
    Sensitive to moisture and high water
    vapour permeability
    Thermoplastic starch

    The raw materials are mixed,


    heated and converted into a
    homogenous substance

    Diagram of the inlet zone of an extruder


    Thermoplastic starch

    Diagram of the inlet zone of an extruder


    A cooling water system
    ensures stable temperature conditions.
    Thermoplastic starch

    At the end of the extruder, the


    molten
    thermoplastic starch discharges as
    a strand through a nozzle plate

    Diagram of the inlet zone of an extruder


    POLY LACTIC ACID
    Monomer

    Depending on the links between these


    isomers, 3 different lactides can be
    produced:

    mesolactide, D-lactide and L lactide.


    PLA production
    Properties
    PLA from L and D degrades within
    weeks
    High stability
    Transparency
    Softening point around 60 degree
    Normal processing
    Poly-3-
    hydroxybutyrates
    Poly-3-
    hydroxybutyrates

    R.
    E utr
    op
    ha
    Properties
    Good thermoplastic material
    Wide temperature range
    Lower crystallinity
    Tendency to creep and shrinkage 1.3%
    Higher melt viscosity
    UV resistance
    Applications
    Packaging
    Food packaging --
    - PLA foil and paper has turned out to be
    a great match for the packaging of
    cheese.

    - Carrots in starch based packaging.

    - Biodegradable trays for milk tray chocolates.


    Cont
    - Water vapour transmission of the
    crystal clear PLA film can provide
    fresh products with a longer shelf life
    (9 days).

    - Polylacticacid can replace PET in certain


    applications.

    - Single use cold drink cups, plates,


    containers and cutlery, which are all
    based on renewable raw materials
    and are compostable after use.
    Cont
    Electrical packaging -
    - An optical media made from cornstarch,
    bio-disk is 1.2mm thick, has a capacity
    of maximum 25 gb and is biodegradable.

    - Sticky tape made from cellulose

    - The cover comes with an embedded


    sunflower seed, which grows a
    sunflower once it is composted.
    According to experts 10% of the plastic
    Cont
    Pharmaceuticals packaging -
    - Thermoplastic starch in the form of
    capsule material, for instance, can
    substitute conventional gelatin capsules.

    Sanitary Products -

    - These materials are breathable and


    allow water vapor to permeate, but at
    the same time they are waterproof.
    Advantages
    Lower fossil fuel
    consumption
    Lower fossil fuel
    consumption

    If all plastics in the world were replaced by


    bioplastics and the energy used in the process
    came from renewable sources the fossil fuel
    savings would be approx 3.49 million barrels a day.
    That is 4% of the worlds fossil fuel usage
    CO2 emission with
    Typical Plastic

    Polymer LDPE PP HDPE PHB PLA TPS


    CO2 3.0 3.4 2.5 2.6 2.16 1.14
    emission
    s
    (Kg CO2/
    Kg
    polymer)
    CO2 emission with
    Bioplastic

    Carbon foot print


    Energy Requirements

    LDPE PP HDPE PHB PLA TPS


    Energy 81.8 85.9 73.7 44.7 54.1 25.4
    require
    ments
    (MJ/Kg-
    polymer
    Green House Gas
    Emission
    How to Reduce Exposure

    Need to look at all stages of production


    Low fossil CO2
    More efficient / smarter technologies
    Capture / re use / sequestration
    Total water
    consumption
    DISADVANTAGE
    Bioplastics don't always readily decompose. Some need
    relatively high temperatures and can still take many years
    to break down. Even then, they may leave behind toxic
    residues.

    Bioplastics are made from plants such as corn and maize,


    so land that could be used to grow food for the world is
    being used to "grow plastic" instead.

    Some bioplastics, such as PLA, are made from genetically


    modified corn.

    Bioplastics cannot be easily recycled. To most people, PLA


    looks very similar to PET but, if the two are mixed up in a
    recycling bin, the whole collection becomes impossible to
    recycle.
    Market growth
    Bioplastics fast market growth of
    more than 8-10% per year
    Bioplastics cover approximately
    10-15% of the total plastics
    market and will increase its market
    share to 25-30% by 2015
    Market summary
    PRODUCTION
    CAPACITY
    The current
    global production
    capacity for
    bioplastics in
    2009 amounts to
    over 400,000
    tones.
    By 2020
    Over 500 bioplastics processing
    companies are already
    available, more than 5000 is
    expected by 2020
    CONCLUSION
    Bioplastics is a reality and is a practical
    truth. Our willingness and improvement
    in technologies will give it a wider
    success.
    Special thanks to..

    CIPET-Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and


    Technology Chennai.
    Dr.B.Naazar Sulthan
    Department of Polymer Science,
    AC Tech, Anna University, Chennai

    Dr. SSM. Abdul Majeed


    Department of Polymer Science
    Crescent College Chennai.
    References
    http://www.hkc22.com/bioplastics.html
    http://www.bccresearch.com/index.htm
    www.fnr.de
    www.natureworksllc.com
    www.bioplastics24.com
    www.bpf.co.uk
    www.nnfcc.com
    Thank you

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