Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 48 views

    Evaluation of Anti-Ulcer Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Solanum Torvum On Ethanol

    Uploaded by

    Vamsi Sakhamuri
    This document evaluates the anti-ulcer activity of the ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum leaves on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The study found that the ethanolic extract contained compounds like alkaloids and flavonoids. In toxicity studies, no mortality was observed up to 2000mg/kg of the extract. In ulcer studies, the extract at 300mg/kg showed significant anti-ulcer activity compared to the positive control, reducing the ulcer index similarly to the standard drug Omeprazole. The results suggest the leaves have potent anti-ulcer properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Evaluation of Anti-Ulcer Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Solanum Torvum On Ethanol

    Uploaded by

    Vamsi Sakhamuri
    48 views21 pages
    This document evaluates the anti-ulcer activity of the ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum leaves on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The study found that the ethanolic extract contained compounds like alkaloids and flavonoids. In toxicity studies, no mortality was observed up to 2000mg/kg of the extract. In ulcer studies, the extract at 300mg/kg showed significant anti-ulcer activity compared to the positive control, reducing the ulcer index similarly to the standard drug Omeprazole. The results suggest the leaves have potent anti-ulcer properties.

    Original Description:

    project ppt

    Original Title

    Adi Narayana

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document evaluates the anti-ulcer activity of the ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum leaves on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The study found that the ethanolic extract contained compounds like alkaloids and flavonoids. In toxicity studies, no mortality was observed up to 2000mg/kg of the extract. In ulcer studies, the extract at 300mg/kg showed significant anti-ulcer activity compared to the positive control, reducing the ulcer index similarly to the standard drug Omeprazole. The results suggest the leaves have potent anti-ulcer properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    48 views21 pages

    Evaluation of Anti-Ulcer Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Solanum Torvum On Ethanol

    Uploaded by

    Vamsi Sakhamuri
    This document evaluates the anti-ulcer activity of the ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum leaves on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The study found that the ethanolic extract contained compounds like alkaloids and flavonoids. In toxicity studies, no mortality was observed up to 2000mg/kg of the extract. In ulcer studies, the extract at 300mg/kg showed significant anti-ulcer activity compared to the positive control, reducing the ulcer index similarly to the standard drug Omeprazole. The results suggest the leaves have potent anti-ulcer properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    EVALUATION OF ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC

    EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF SOLANUM TORVUM ON ETHANOL


    INDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN ALBINO RATS

    UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF


    G.Lakshmana , M.PHARM (Ph.D,,,)
    Associate. Professor,
    Department of Pharmacology

    BY
    S.ADI NARAYANA
    (Y15MPH19103)
    CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION
    PLANT PROFILE
    LITERATURE REVIEW
    AIM & OBJECTIVE
    PLAN OF WORK
    MATERIALS & METHODS
    RESULTS
    DISCUSSION
    CONCLUSION
    REFERENCES
    INTRODUCTION

    PEPTIC ULCERS:
    The term peptic ulcer refers to a break in the surface
    lining of the stomach or duodenum which is deep
    enough to produce a shallow crater (ulcer) in its wall.
    Mainly occurs due to the H.Pylori bacteria.
    There are several types of ulcers like duodenal
    ulcers,gastric ulcers.
    Causes:
    The main causes of ulcers are
    NSAIDS
    Smoking

    Symptoms:
    abdominal pain
    indigestion or heartburn,
    vomiting and anemia.

    Diagnosis:
    Diagnosis can be done by endoscopy.
    Treatment:
    The goals of treatment for peptic ulcers are:
    Relieve symptoms quickly
    Heal the ulcer
    Prevent it from recurring in the future
    Some of the drugs used are
    famotidine,Ranitidine,Omeprazole,Pantaprazole and
    Domperidone.
    Managing ulcers:
    Important steps in management of peptic ulcers
    include:
    stopping smoking,
    curtailing excessive alcohol intake, and
    avoiding aspirin and NSAIDs, if possible.
    PLANT PROFILE
    CLASSIFICATION:
    Kingdom : Plantae
    Order : Solanales
    Family : Solanaceae
    Genus : Solanum L.
    Species : Solanum torvum Sw.
    Chemical Constituents:
    (1) neochlorogenin 6-O--D-quinovopyranoside
    (2) neochlorogenin 6-O--D-xylopyranosyl-(13)-D-
    quinovopyranoside
    (3) neochlorogenin 6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(13)--
    D-quinovopyranoside
    (4) solagenin 6-O--D-quinovopyranoside
    (5) solagenin 6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(13)--D-
    quinovopyranoside
    (6) isoquercetin
    (7) rutin
    (8) kaempferol
    (9) quercetin
    Uses:
    The raw leaves of Solanum torvum, belanjenn djab,
    are rubbed on the foot to treat athletes foot.
    Boiling water is poured on the leaves and then drunk
    as a tisane for high blood pressure..
    The leaves are used to reduce inflammation and pain.
    LITERATURE REVIEW
    V. Lalitha, K.A. Raveesha et ..al has investigated about the
    Anti-Microbial activity of aqueous extract of Solanum
    torvum. leaves.
    M.A. BARI, W. ISLAM1 has investigated about the anti-
    fungal and anti- bacterial activity of Solanum torvum leaves
    and roots.
    Zubaida Yousafa,et.al reviewed the Pharmacological action
    of anti micorobial , anti inflamatory, anti- viral, antiulcer,
    cyto toxicity and hypotensive of Solanumtorvum.
    M. Sivapriya, R. Dineshaetal et.al had investigated Anti-
    bacterial activity of different extract of Solanum torvum.
    A. Thenmozhi1, U.S. Mahadeva Rao2*. et.al investigated
    about Antimiotic and anti cancer Activity Of Various
    Extracts of Solanum torvum Leaves.
    AIM & OBJECTIVE
    The aim and objective of the present study is to develop
    scientifically a safe and efficacious herbal remedy for treatment of peptic
    ulcer.

    Plant drug selected Solanum torvum


    part used Leaves
    family -Solanaceae.
    PLAN OF WORK
    A- Selection of plant.
    B- Separation of leaves, drying and extraction.
    C- Phytochemical screening.
    D- Acute toxicity studies.
    E- Grouping of animals.
    F- Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity.
    G- Statistical analysis of experimental data and discussion of
    results.
    MATERIALS & METHODS
    ANIMALS:
    Healthy, albino rats of either sex weighing 180-250gm
    were selected for study.
    PREPARATION OF EXTRACT:
    The leaves were collected & dried
    Extracted by ethanol in soxhlet extractor for 48 hrs.
    The solution so obtained was transferred to china dish.
    Then the extract was evaporated to dryness at 35-40 C to get a
    solid mass free from solvent.
    PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING:
    The extract was tested for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids,
    saponins, steroids, glycosides,
    & carbohydrates
    TOXICITY STUDY:
    The toxicity study was performed according to OECD guidelines
    The animals were divided into two groups of six in each.
    The control group was administered with 2ml/kg 0.1% tween80.
    The other group was administered with following doses -100, 200,
    400, 800, 1000, mg/kg of extract dissolved in 0.1% of tween80
    through oral route.
    The animals were observed continuously for first 4 hrs for any
    behavioral changes.
    Morbidity like convulsions, tremors, grip strength & mortality was
    observed at the end of 24hrs, 48hrs and 72hrs respectively.
    No mortality was reported even after 72hrs.
    This indicates the extract is safe up to a single dose of 2000mg/kg
    body weight.
    GROUPING OF ANIMALS:
    The total numbers of animals required for study are 30
    animals, these 30 animals are divided into six groups of five
    animals each.
    Negative Control group (normally treated with vehicle)
    Positive Control group (Treated with ethanol)
    Standard (treated with ethanol + Omeprazole 20mg/kg)
    Test group-I(treated with ethanol +extract-100mg/kg)
    Test group-II(treated with ethanol +extract-200mg/kg)
    Test group-III(treated with ethanol +extract-300mg/kg)

    METHOD:-
    The method used for present study is
    Ethanol induced ulcers in rats.
    Ethanol induced ulcer:
    After 12 hour of fasting, the rats were randomly divided into six
    groups of five animals each.
    First group and second groups were given 1ml of vehicle (0.1%
    tween80)
    The third group was treated with omeprazole 20 mg/kg. The
    remaining groups received 100 mg/kg,200mg/kg and 300mg/kg of
    ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa respectively.
    All the treatments were administered orally. One hour after
    treatment,.
    all the rats received 1ml of 99.5% ethanol to induce gastric ulcer.
    One hour later, the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation,
    and the stomachs removed and opened along the greater
    curvature. The stomachs were gently rinsed with water to remove
    the gastric contents and blood clots, for subsequent scanning.
    Mechanism:
    Absolute ethanol rapidly promotes the formation of
    hyperemic blisters in the stomach mucosa, which is
    essentially an acute inflammatory reaction.
    Alcohol may contribute to gastric injury through a variety
    of mechanisms such as oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation,
    and glutathione depletion in gastric mucosa.
    Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) is a major mediator of the
    acute inflammatory response that is generated during
    many disease states, including infection and inflammation.
    RESULTS
    Groups Treatment Ulcer index
    Group I Negative control 0.28 0.05
    (0.1% tween 80) p.o
    Group II Positive control, 5.9 0.05*
    ethanol (1ml) p.o
    Group III Ethanol (1ml) + 3.02 0.04*
    Omeprazole (20
    mg/kg) p.o
    Group IV Ethanol (1ml) + 4.9 0.06*
    STEE (100 mg/kg)
    p.o
    Group V Ethanol (1ml) + 3.9 0.06*
    STEE (200 mg/kg)
    p.o
    Group VI Ethanol (1ml) + 3.6 +0.06*
    STEE (300 mg/kg)
    p.o
    n=6 in each group values are expressed as mean SEM
    one way ANOVA
    P Value 0.001 when compared to control group
    7

    0
    Group I Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI
    DISCUSSION
    Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids,
    flavonoids, tannins and saponins.
    The results were comparable with standard antiulcer drug
    Omeprazole.
    In the ethanol induced ulcer model,positive control showed
    the ulcer index of 5.9 0.05 and Omeprazole (20 mg/kg)
    which showed the ulcer index of 3.02 0.04.
    The oral administration of ethanolic extract of leaves of
    Solanum torvum 100 mg/kg,200mg/kg and 300mg/kg showed
    the ulcer index of 4.9 0.06, 3.9 0.06 and 3.6 0.06
    respectively.
    When compared to positive control, the ethanolic extract of
    leaves of Solanum torvum at a dose of 300mg/kg showed
    significant activity.
    CONCLUSION

    In the present investigation the ethanolic extract of leaves of


    Solanum torvum showed significant anti-ulcer activity at 300
    mg/ kg by ethanol induced ulcer in rats.
    REFERENCES
    Bruce M. Carlson. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology (3rd ed.)
    (2004).
    Abraham L. Kierszenbaum. Histology and cell biology: an introduction to
    pathology(2002).
    Nelson RJ. Introduction to Behavioral Endocrinology. Sinauer Associates:
    Massachusetts. 2005. p 57.
    www.webmd.com.
    Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson,
    Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright Human Biology and
    Health. (1969).
    Richard Coico, Geoffrey Sunshine, Eli Benjamini.Immunology: a short course.
    New York(2003).
    Kim SK. Small intestine transit time in the normal small bowel study.
    American Journal of Roentgenology 1968; 104(3):522-524.
    Uday C Ghoshal, Vikas Sengar, and Deepakshi Srivastava. Colonic Transit
    Study Technique and Interpretation: Can These Be Uniform Globally in
    Different Populations With Non-uniform Colon Transit Time? J
    Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 April; 18(2): 227228.

    You might also like