International Mobile Telecommunication

International Mobile
Telecommunication-2000 (IMT-2000)
An Introduction
In this presentation…
• Wireless Generations
• What is IMT-2000
• What IMT-2000 offers
• Key features and objectives
• Spectrum for IMT-2000
• Technologies for IMT-2000
• Migration paths
• Future Trends
MOBILE COMMUNICATION
• 1946- 1960s 1980s 1990s 2000s
• Appeared 1G 2G 3G
• Analog Digital Digital
• Multi Multi Unified

Standard Standard Standard
Terrestrial Terrestrial Terr. & Sat

WIRELESS GENERATIONS
• 1 G -analog (cellular revolution)
- only mobile voice services
• 2 G - digital (breaking digital barrier)
- mostly for voice services & data delivery
possible
• 3 G - Voice & data ( breaking data barrier)

- Mainly for data services where voice sevices
will also be possible
• Beyond 3G -Wide band OFDM ?
- But surely higher data rates
LIMITATIONS OF 2nd GENERATION SYSTEMS
• No Global standards
• No common frequency band
• Low information bit rates
• Low voice quality
• No support of Video
• Various categories of systems to meet specific
requirements
THIRD GENERATION (3 G ) STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL MOBILE TELECOM 2000. ( IMT-2000)
IMT
 A FUTURE STANDARD IN WHICH A SINGLE

INEXPENSIVE MOBILE TERMINAL CAN TRUELY
PROVIDE COMMUNICATIONS ANY TIME AND ANY
WHERE
• PROVISIONING OF THESE SERVICES OVER WIDE
RANGE OF USER DENSITIES AND COVERAGE AREAS.
(In-building , Urban , Sub-urban, Global)
• EFFICIENT USE OF RADIO SPECTRUM CONSISTENT
WITH PROVIDING SERVICE AT ACCEPTABLE COSY.
• IMT-2000 SHALL COVER APPLICATION AREAS
PRESENTLY PROVIDED BY SEPERATELY SYSTEMS I.E
CELLULAR, CORDLESS AND PAGING etc
• A HIGH DEGREE OF COMMONALITY OF DESIGN
WORLDWIDE
• A MODULAR STRUCTURE WHICH WILL ALLOW THE
SYSTEM TO GROW IN SIZE AND COMPLEXITY
IMT-2000 KEY FEATURES
• ITU’s VISION FOR THIRD GENERATION MOBILE
SYSTEM
• SINGLE UNIFIED STANDARD (Data & Multimedia Services)
• ANYWHERE, ANYTIME COMMUNICATION
ACROSS NETWORKS, ACROSS TECHNOLOGIES,
SEAMLESS OPERATION USING A SMALL POCKET
TERMINAL WORLDWIDE.
• HIGH SPEED ACCESS 144KB/S, 384 KB/S & 2MB/S FAST
WIRELESS ACCESS TO INTERNET
• FULL MOTION VIDEOPHONE
• TERRESTRIAL & SATELLITE COMPONETS
IMT-2000 will provide..
• Enhanced voice quality, ubiquitous
coverage and enable operators to provide
service at reasonable cost
• Increased network efficiency and capacity
• New voice and data services and
capabilities
• An orderly evolution path from 2G to 3G
systems to protect investments.
IMT TECHNOLOGIES
ITU has finally narrowed down technology options
to the following five:
• IMT -DS (Direct Spread) : W-CDMA UTRA FDD
• IMT -MC (Multi Carrier) : CDMA 2000
• IMT-TC ( Time Code) : TD -SCDMA UTRA TDD
• IMT -SC ( Single Carrier ) : UWC - 136
• IMT-FT (Frequency Time) : DECT

• PAIRED DS/ MC/SC ; UNPAIRED TDD

FURTHER HARMONIZATION In Process
UTRA : UTMS Terrestrial Radio Access
UMTS :Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
Technologies for IMT-2000
IMT-2000 TERRESTRIAL
RADIO INTERFACES
IMT-DS IMT-MC IMT-TC IMT-SC IMT-FT
WCDMA CDMA2000 CDMA-TDD UWC-136 FDMA/TDMA

1X/3X DECT
CDMA TDMA FDMA

IMT-2000 HARMONIZATION IS ON-GOING
• IMT standards development involves extensive
collaboration between many different organizations
• Today’s operators need seamless 2G 3G
• Many Focus groups have been established by industry
 2 G operators GSM ; CDG ,UWCC, DECT forum

 3 G Groups UMTS Forum , OHG
 Focus group for IP-based 3G architecture (3G. IP)
 SDOs created 3G PP (Partnership Projects)
SDO Standards Development Organizations
Migration Path
• While a multiplicity of 2G standards have been
developed and deployed, the ITU wanted to avoid a
similar situation to develop for 3G.
• Hence, the ITU Radio communication Sector (ITU-R)
has elaborated on a framework for a global set of 3G
standards, which will facilitate global roaming by
operating in a common core spectrum and providing
migration path from all the major existing 2G
technologies.
• The major 2G Radio access networks are based on
either CDMA One or GSM technologies and different
migration path is proposed for each of these
technologies.
IMT-2000
CPABLE SYSTEMS
GSM GPRS EDGE
PDC
WCDMA
CdmaOne Cdma 2000
TDMA TDMA/ TDMA/

IS-136 GPRS EDGE
TODAY 2G 2000 EVOLVED 2G 3G

19.2 Kbps 64-115 Kbps 115-384 Kbps 0.384-2 Mbps
Evolution from GSM to 3G
3G
EDGE
GPRS
2.5G
HSCSD
GSM
2G
GSM
Evolution
2G 2.5G 3G
GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS
GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS

200 KHz carrier 200 KHz carrier 200 KHz carrier 5 MHz carrier
8 full-rate time slots 115 Kbps peak data rates Data rates up to 384 Kbps 2 Mbps peak data rates
16 half-rate time slots 8-PSK modulation New IMT-2000 2 GHz spectrum
Higher symbol rate
HSCSD
HSCSD
Circuit-switched data
64 Kbps peak data rates
EDGE
Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
• Next step towards 3G for GSM/GPRS Networks
• Increased data rated up to 384 Kbps by bundling up to
8 channels of 48 Kbps/channel
• GPRS is based on modulation technique known as
GMSK
• EDGE is based on a new modulation scheme that
allows a much higher bit rate across the air-interface
called 8PSK modulation.
• Since 8PSK will be used for UMTS, network operators
will be required to introduce this at some stage before
migration to 3G.
IMT-2000
CPABLE SYSTEMS
GSM GPRS EDGE
PDC
WCDMA
CdmaOne Cdma 2000
TDMA TDMA/ TDMA/

IS-136 GPRS EDGE
TODAY 2G 2000 EVOLVED 2G 3G

19.2 Kbps 64-115 Kbps 115-384 Kbps 0.384-2 Mbps
Adding W-CDMA
Adding GPRS Data
GSM Network New
Terminal
New cell sites
New cell sites New
(in some (in
BTS
BTS some cases)W-CDMA
cases)
BTS
BTS Equipment
01010 New Software BTS & Software
01010
New Software
New
New New Software
Terminal New Software
Terminal
BSC Upgrade 0101
01010
New New
SGSN SGSN
0
EquipmentEquipment
3G
BSC Upgrade SGSN
BSCBSC
BSC
Software 01010
Software 01010
Upgrade W-CDMA
Upgrade BSC
GPRS GPRS 3G Data
Backbone
Backbone Backbone
New
MSC New New
MSC Software
0101
Equipment
New 01010modified New
GGSN 0 3G
& Software
01010 Software GGSNrouter modified GGSN
Modem
Software router
Pool Modem
Upgrade Pool
IP
PSTN BackboneIP
PSTN Backbone
WWW VPN
Enterprise
WWW Network VPN
Enterprise Network
GSM to UMTS
Abis A
GSM GSM GSM PSTN,
BTS BSC MSC ISDN
Gb Service
Creation/
Gs Mgmt.
Iubis Iu-r
GPRS
Integrated
GPRS
Integrated
UMTS UMTS PDN,
UMTS
UMTSCore
Core
Core
Core
BTS BSC (e.g. Internet)
Iu Other
UMTS Access Network
PLMN
GSM Elements
UMTS Elements
MIGRATION PATH
cdma2000
IS-95-A 1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV
1X MC
• Voice • High Capacity Voice • 2.4 Mbps Packet • Higher Cap Voice/ Data
• 14.4 kbps IS-95-B • 153 kbps Packet • RF Backward Comp. • RF Backward Comp.
• RF Backward Comp.
• Voice cdma2000
• 64 kbps Packet 3X MC
• High Capacity Voice
• 384+ kbps Packet
Edge (Europe) • RF Backward Comp.
IS-136
Edge (US)
• Voice
• 9.6 kbps GSM GPRS • 384 kbps Packet
GSM • 30-40 kbps Packet

• RF Backward Comp. W-CDMA
• Voice
• 9.6 kbps
• High Capacity Voice
• 384+ kbps Packet
W-CDMA • New RF
PDC PDC
(Japan)
• Voice • Voice
• 9.6 kbps • 28.8 kbps
1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Migration Summarized
• In terms of migration of major 2G system to 3G

capabilities, there would finally be 3 modes of
CDMA-based radio interfaces (MC-CDMA, W-
CDMA and CDMA-TDD) and two `TDMA based
radio interfaces (UWC-136 and DECT).
• Considerable work is being carried out in respect
of W-CDMA and CDMA 2000 worldwide. All
European countries are expected to deploy
W-CDMA as they have GSM based networks.
While other countries such as Japan, Korea, USA
etc. are likely to use CDMA-2000 or W-CDMA.
FUTURE TRENDS
FUTURE HIGH- SPEED WIRELESS DATA NEEDS
• 2 - 10 Mb/s packet data rates with wide spread macro-

cellular coverage
• Ability to allocate maximum resources to individual

cells in sub-second time.
• Less transmitted powers

• Further Reduction in cost
IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
* MINIMUM SPECTRUM PER OPERATOR
* NO. OF OPERATORS
* SERVICE AREA OF OPERATION
* LICENCING METHOD
* TECHNOLOGY
* INTERCONNECTION ARRANGEMENTS
EXISTING USERS
• IMT-2000 BAND IS 1885-2025AND 2110-2200 MHz
• PRESENTLY 1800-2000 MHz BAND IS WITH DEFENCE
• 2000-2200 MHz IS USED BY BHARAT SANCHAR
NIGAM/MTNL FOR POINT TO POINT MICROWAVE
LINKS
• WPCC TO COORDINATE WITH USERS FOR
VACATING THESE BANDS

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International Mobile

• 1946- 1960s 1980s 1990s 2000s

• Analog Digital Digital

• Multi Multi Unified

Terrestrial Terrestrial Terr. & Sat

• 3 G - Voice & data ( breaking data barrier)

LIMITATIONS OF 2nd GENERATION SYSTEMS

INTERNATIONAL MOBILE TELECOM 2000. ( IMT-2000)

 A FUTURE STANDARD IN WHICH A SINGLE

IMT-DS IMT-MC IMT-TC IMT-SC IMT-FT

WCDMA CDMA2000 CDMA-TDD UWC-136 FDMA/TDMA

CDMA TDMA FDMA

 2 G operators GSM ; CDG ,UWCC, DECT forum

GSM GPRS EDGE

TDMA TDMA/ TDMA/

TODAY 2G 2000 EVOLVED 2G 3G

GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS

GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS

GSM GPRS EDGE

TDMA TDMA/ TDMA/

TODAY 2G 2000 EVOLVED 2G 3G

GSM • 30-40 kbps Packet

• In terms of migration of major 2G system to 3G

• 2 - 10 Mb/s packet data rates with wide spread macro-

• Ability to allocate maximum resources to individual

• Less transmitted powers

* MINIMUM SPECTRUM PER OPERATOR

* SERVICE AREA OF OPERATION

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