3G Overview

ZTE University

TD&W&PCS BSS Course Team

 Course Objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

 Understand evolution of mobile communications
 Master 3G frequency allocation
 Master 3G mode comparison
 Understand ZTE WCDMA Features
Content

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

ZTE WCDMA Features

 Evolution of Mobile Communications

Evolution of Mobile Communications

1G(Analog) 2G(Digital) 3G(Wideband)

GSM
AMPS 900/1800/1900

CDMA
IS-95
TACS IMT-2000
TDMA
IS-136
NMT
PDC
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

FDMA

Frequency Division Multiplex Access Technology

Time

USER1
USER2
USER3 Frequency

• Each carrier frequency equals one traffic channel

• Voice is transmitted continuously in time domain
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

TDMA

Time Division Multiplex Access Technology

Time

USER3

USER2

USER1 Frequency

• Increase frequency spectrum efficiency

• Voice is transmitted uncontinuously in time domain
• System synchronous is very important
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

CDMA

Code Division Multiplex Access Technology

Code
Time

USER3

USER2

USER1

Frequency

• Large capacity
• High voice quality
• Soft hand-over
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

Duplex Mode

5 MHz channel
FDD mode
Fq. 1 Uplink

Fq. 2 Downlink

TDD mode 5 MHz channel

.. .
.Uplink and Downlink ..
Evolution of Mobile Communications

Multiple Services
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

Birth of IMT2000

 1985, FPLMTS being put forward

 FPLMTS: Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication System

 1996, renamed by IMT-2000

 IMT2000: International Mobile Telecommunication 2000
 Meaning of ‘2000’
 frequency spectrum around 2000MHz
 putting into business about 2002
 data rate up to 2000kbps

 Frequency Range
 1992,WRC-92,230MHz
 1885-2025MHz(uplink),2110-2200MHz(downlink)
 May,2000, WRC-2000, spread frequency range
 806-960MHz,1710-1885MHz & 2500-2690MHz
 Evolution of Mobile Communications

The Goal of 3G

 Higher transmit rate

 Rich and colorful service
 Good voice quality
 Larger capacity
 Lower cost
 Good secret performance
 High frequency efficiency
 Max rate up to 2Mb/s
 Easy to transition from 2G
Content

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

ZTE WCDMA Features

Standardization Organizations of 3G

Roadmap to 3G
 Standardization Organizations of 3G

Family Conception

WCDMA
CN based on MAP

CDMA2000
3G TD-SCDMA
CN based on ANSI-41 standards CN based on MAP

CDMA is the main technology of 3G

 Standardization Organizations of 3G

Standardization Organization of 3G

ITU
 Standardization Organizations of 3G

3GPP in the World

3GPP - Third Generation Partnership
Project
ARIB - Association of Radio Industries
and Businesses
CWTS - China Wireless
Telecommunication Standard group
ETSI - European Telecommunications
Standards Institute
T1 - Standards Committee T1
Telecommunications
TTA - Telecommunications
Technology Association
TTC - Telecommunication Technology
Committee
GSM - Global System for Mobile
Communications
UMTS - Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System
IETF - Internet Engineering Task
Force
ITU-R - International
Telecommunication Union
-Radiocommunication
ITU-T - International
Telecommunication Union -
Telecommunication Standardization
 Standardization Organizations of 3G

Technical Specification of Wireless Interface

Wireless Interface

IMT-2000 CDMA DS WCDMA

CDMA 2000
IMT-2000 CDMA MC

IMT-2000 CDMA TDD TD-SCDMA

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Spectrum
 Standardization Organizations of 3G

Standardization of WCDMA--3GPP

• IMS and
PLMN/PSTN/ISDN
circuit switch co-operate
• MBMS
• Introduce IMS
• HSUPA
• HSDPA
• Already been in business
R6
• Control and bearer separated
• Introduce TD-SCDMA
• Already been in business R5
• Import Iu interface
• MAX data rate:2Mb/s R4

R99

2000.3 2001.3 2002.6 2004.12

Funciton freeze time
Content

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

ZTE WCDMA Features

 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

Comparison among 3G Modes

WCDMA TD-SCDMA CDMA2000

Channel 5M*2 1.6M 1.25M*2
Bandwidth
Chip Rate 3.84Mc/s 1.28Mc/s 1.228Mc/s
Duplex Mode FDD TDD FDD
Frame Length 10ms 10ms (Sub-frame 20ms
5ms)
Channel Coding Convolution Code, Convolution Code, Convolution Code,
Turbo Code Turbo Code Turbo Code
Modulation QPSK/BPSK QPSK/8PSK Uplink: QPSK,
Downlink: BPSK
Power Control Open loop + fast Open loop + closed Open loop + fast
closed loop loop closed loop
Power Control 1500 times/s 200 times/s 800 times/s
Rate
Synchronization Synchronous/Asynchro Synchronous Synchronous
Mode of Base nous
Station
 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

WCDMA Grows Fast

 233 3G/WCDMA networks launched in 93 countries; has 90% market share of

commercial 3G networks
 204 3G/HSDPA networks launched. Over 90% of commercial WCDMA
networks have launched HSDPA,44 3G/HSUPA networks launched.

 14.4 Mbps (peak) launched on HSDPA networks ,5.76 Mbps (peak)

launched on HSUPA networks .
 2.53 WCDMA-HSDPA million subs (31 Jun. 2008)
 3G/WCDMA user devices: over 1232 terminals announced. HSDPA
user devices: 659 products launched
 Low price terminals have been a mass production. The under 100
USD UEs have been launched in the market
 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

GSM subscribers forecast

 The GSM subscribers have a durative increasing till 2009. Then later,
the trends will be pull down
 In 2009, the GSM subs. Quantity will reach 2.7 billion
 Asia and Latin America is the dominate increasing area. The subs. will
exceed 1.5 billion in 2010.

Global GSM Subscriptions 1991 upto 2011

3,000,000,000

2,500,000,000

2,000,000,000

1,500,000,000
Subs
1,000,000,000

500,000,000

0
Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

WCDMA subscribers forecast

 Informal forecast (reference from GSA): in 3 years, WCDMA subs. will reach 500
million. There into, there will be 300 million in Europe, 150 million in Asia Pacific and
50 million in Africa/Americas/Middle East
 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

Global mobile subscriber increasing

statistic and forecast
 In the future 4 years (2007~2010), there are 1 billion potential mobile subscriber increasing capability
globally. The WCDMA subscribers have 570 million new incoming
 GSM/WCDMA increasing is much greater than cdma. GSM/WCDMA will be still in the dominate
position. cdma has the superiority in the WLL application.
CAGR 2001-
（ K） 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2005

GSM 626,370.1 791,082.3 991,973.8 1,288,462.4 1,692,791.4 28.2%

WCDMA 27.2 153.2 2,683.5 16,845.4 47,621.5 546.8%

CDMA 111,972.6 144,908.4 186,533.3 237,014.3 285,581.7 26.4%

others 205,551.4 209,865.5 206,693.8 181,119.7 142,937.8 -8.7%

Total （ K
943,921.3 1,146,009.4 1,387,884.4 1,723,441.7 2,168,932.3 23.1%
）
CAGR 2006-
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2010

GSM 2,011,632.2 2,249,691.3 2,367,178.6 2,366,410.7 2,280,501.5 3.2%

WCDMA 102,465.2 189,301.7 319,045.6 487,221.7 668,018.7 59.8%

CDMA 353,774.1 400,529.9 439,510.0 470,239.9 490,534.3 8.5%

others 194,255.3 171,456.9 157,266.8 160,416.7 188,386.6 -0.8%

Total
（ K） 2,662,126.8 3,010,979.8 3,283,001.0 3,484,289.0 3,627,441.1 8.0%
 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

3G technical standards evolution

 WCDMA as the enhanced technology to the voice + low/middle rate in
GSM/EDGE system, it will attract more middle/high end user
 GSM/EDGE has a decreasing from 2008  when will be the WCDMA
as the market leader?

GSM/GPRS EDGE,TDM MBMS EDGE Ph2

DL: 480kbps Multicast
CS+PS Broadcast

WCDMA HSDPA HSUPA/MBMS HSPA+

DL: 14.4Mbps 5.76Mbps >40Mbps
Multicast RTD<20ms
Broadcast
LTE (“Super 3G”)
OFDM
FDD/TDD
3GPP

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

GSM WCDMA LTE

 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

3G technical standards evolution

 WCDMA and WiMAX has the competition in the mobile high rate broadband access field. But there
are some complementarities in the mobile data solutions.
 WiMAX has the superiority in high rate access of nomadic mode which has less mobility. WCDMA is
advanced in the data service seamless coverage with convenient mobility.

802.16e 802.16h 802.16m

DL: 75Mbps DL: 75Mbps > 100Mbps

WCDMA HSDPA HSUPA/MBMS HSPA+

DL: 14.4Mbps Multicast >40Mbps
Broadcast RTD<20ms
UL: 5.76Mbps
LTE (“Super 3G”)
OFDM
FDD/TDD
3GPP

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

WiMAX WCDMA LTE

 3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

WCDMA standards evolution

R7-MIMO/64QAM HSPA＋/LTE?

HSDPA HSUPA
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 commercial

Network
starting

Standard
stability
R5 R6 R7 R8

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Standard

 R5 HSDPA has a mass commercial application. In the 233 3G networks, 204 have accomplished the
HSDPA network upgrading
 R6 HSUPA standard has been confirmed and will be first commercialized in 2008
 R7 standard is still under the developing. It will be confirmed in Sept. 2007 and be commercialized in
2009.
 R8 version or named as LTE, will be confirmed in march 2008. the first pilot will be provided in 2010.
Content

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Modes Compared and WCDMA development

ZTE WCDMA Features

 ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE 3G Total Solution

Service Platform
Management Platform Service
WAP Gateway
SS7 Service Portal
Platform
Service Internet
SCP Gateway
Sigtran
Core Network
MSC
HLR GGSN
Server
GSM/GPRS MGW SGSN PSTN/ISDN
BSS

RNC RNC
UTRAN
Indoor Indoor
Pico Micro Macro
Node B Node B Node B Base Band Pool
RRU
RRU Outdoor Outdoor RRU
Micro Macro Node RRU
RRU
Node B B
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Competitive 3G Solution Provider

HSDPA/GSM/WCDMA TD-SCDMA
 Commercial system based  Full series of commercial
on R99/R4/R5, one-stop system
end to end solution  Leading solution with maturity
 Commercial deployment in and capability
global market  50%+ market share in China

Unified V3 IP
Platform

CDMA 2000 NGN

NGN 产品
 Top 1 brand in China  Top 1 brand in China
 Deployed in over 60  Global footprint
countries, over 80M lines,  The exclusive vendor of
22000 macro BTS and 8000 world’s largest NGN for China
micro BTS and RRU
Telecom.
 ZTE WCDMA Features

GSMR4R5 Smooth Migration

ZTE WCDMA CN R5
CSCF
R5 R5
R4 MGCF MRFC
MSC Server

GSM
MSC
R5
R4 R5
IM-MGW
MGW MRFP

HLR
HSS
GSM
Core Network R4 Core Network R5 IMS
 R4 CN MSC Server/MGW can be easily upgraded to be IMS MGCF, IM-MGW and IM-MRFP;
HLR can be easily upgrade to be HSS.
 Only few single board need change and software upgrade
 Protect operator’s existing investment and provide flexibility
 ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE Mobile Networks Reference

NORWAY
ZTE
UKRAINE ZTE
ZTE
ZTE
RUSSIA
GEORGIA KAZAKHSTAN
ZTE ZTE
ZTE UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN
ZTE ZTE
ZTE ZTE
ZTE KUWAIT
ZTE ZTE
ALGERIA ZTE ZTE
ZTE CHINA
ZTE ZTE ZTE
ZTE
ZTE EGYPT ZTE PAKISTAN
NIGER SAUDI ARABIA ZTE
ZTE ZTE VIETNAM
COLOMBIA ZTE ETHIOPIA ZTE INDIA
BENIN NIGERIA ZTE ZTE
ZTE ZTE
ZTE SOMALIA
SOMALIA Sri Lanka ZTE ZTE
CONGO INDONESIA
ZTE ZTE
ZTE
KENYA
PERU ZTE EAST TIMOR
ZAMBIA
ZTE BRAZIL ZTE
ZTE
ZTE ZTE

ZTE GSM
ZTE
ZTE CDMA CHILEARGENTINA
ZTE
ZTE UMTS

 GSM/GPRS: used in over 35 countries, total capacity more than 70 million lines
 CDMA2000: used in over 60 countries, total capacity more than 50 million lines
 WCDMA: used in over 20 countries
 ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE’s WCDMA
Worldwide Application, world-class Quality
Country Operator Network Mode ZTE’s WCDMA commercial system has successfully

Libya Libyana GSM/WCDMA launched on nearly 20 countries including Libya, Tunis,

Tajikistan Indigo GSM/WCDMA Estonia, Ethiopia, Nepal, Tajikistan. In the expansion of

oversea market, with ZTE’s V3 series commercial
Estonia Bravocom WCDMA
system, we successfully set up the solo network, 2G/3G
Ethiopia ETC GSM/WCDMA
hybrid network and various network constructions on the
Nepal NTC GSM/WCDMA
basis of R99 or R4 version.
… … …

Tu
ia nis
n
to
Es

ZTE
l
Taj pa
iki stan Ne
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Libya
Large Scale Commercial Application
one of the few profitable
WCDMA large Scale networks

Libya

Network Scale

 PhaseⅠ: 1.8 Million line GSM/WCDMA core network, Speciality

adopted ZTE’s WCDMA V3 platforms, finished at the end  R4 architecture; GSM and WCDMA hybrid network;

support 2G/3G handover and roaming

of 2005.
 Both Pre-paid and Post-paid are available
 PhaseⅡ: 1 million line WCDMA, covering the Capital,
 Thousands of dual mode mobile subscribers can
Tripoli and the other 14 main cities, can serve 90% of the smoothly migrate to 3G network
 Within 3 months, finished the construction and
population in Libya.
optimization of 1 M lines 3G network
 Fast growth of subscriber: The number of subscribers
 HSDPA in scale application, smoothly evolve to
broke through 300,000 at the end of 2006. HSPA+
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Tajikistan
The Largest WCDMA Application in Middle Asia

PSTN

ZXWN
MSC Server ZXWN GGSN(10k)

Internet
Existing GSM
MSC
ZXWN SGSN
ZXWN MGW

Link
 ZTE built up the commercial WCDMA network
ZXWN HLR Traffic
in the capital Dushanbe and the second largest Data Link

city Khujand. 3G Subscriber can easily roam ZXWR RNC

between the two cities and inter-work with the ZXWR Node B

2G or fixed line network.

Dushanbe
 2G and 3G share the same core network with ZXWR Node B
Khujand
150,000 capacity.
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Nepal
First WCDMA application in Southern Asia
 NTC （ Nepal Telecom ） is the only one operator in Nepal

that offer a full service of fixed telephone, broadband, mobile

services and etc.
 750,000 lines of NTC’s GSM network is provided by ZTE,
which covers Katmandu, the capital of Nepal and the number

of the subscribers is more than 250,000.

Watching World-cup 2006 on live through 3G

Network scale
 UTRAN: 100,000 WCDMA subscribers, covering 90% area of the
capital
 CN: 200,000 lines all based on R4
Network Features
 The same PLMN networking mode, cell re-selection achieves
2G/3G roaming.
 High speed data rate service is available for visitors.
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Brunei
Excellent KPI Network

Brunei, is the third biggest oil product country

in southeast-asia and the fourth biggest natural

gas product country in the world.

DST, is the biggest mobile operator in Brunei

 In Oct.31, 2005, ZTE’s WCDMA network at Brunei successfully passed the DST’s radio
performance and service test. It began to offer wholly 3G service and achieve 2G/3G
access.
 With only half of the schedule, ZTE finished the network construction and optimization, DST
highly commented ZTE’s efficiency in network construction “…we are very satisfied with the
speed and the good quality.”
 ZTE achieved the theoretical maximum value in the online single cell test.
 ZTE WCDMA Features

Tunis
Widely Recognized in High Value

The World Summit on the Information

Society (WSIS) was convened in Tunisia
during Nov.16th – 18th, 2005
 ZTE gave a great and complete

support to the communication

system of the WSIS.

 In this summit, the government

leaders, guests and visitors of

more than 70 countries enjoyed

Tunisia
the good services in voice, data

and multimedia by WCDMA

network which was constructed by

ZTE.
 ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE WCDMA Latest Applications

For TM and Dialog, ZTE got As to Etisalat, ZTE UMTS

UMTS contract in Sri Lanka products have been deployed
in Apr 2007. near Abu for commercial trial
in Nov 2006.

In Ethiopia, ZTE got a 15

million lines GSM/UMTS
contract in Mar 2007, and will
be the sole vender of the
whole network in future 3
years.
 Exercise

 What is the meaning of IMT2000?

 3GPP is responsible for ( )and ( ) standardization
evolution, and 3gpp2 is responsible for ( ).
 Duplex mode include ( ) and ( ).
 pls describe the evolution of WCDMA.