3G Wireless 3G Wireless

3G
3G Wireless
Wireless
Preeti Rana
Introduction
 Imagine the possibilities of

connectivity!
 Scenarios:
– Traveler from New York to Tokyo
– Insurance appraiser at the scene of a
natural disaster
– Paramedics capturing visuals of a victim’s
injuries
Evolution of Wireless
Systems
 Radio telephony during World War I
 Wireless telephones in late 1940’s
– Provided only basic half-duplex voice
– Used analog technology
 Evolved into full-duplex 1G systems in
the 1960’s
From 1G to 3G…
- 1G -
 Started in the early to mid 1960’s
offering simple wireless voice services
based on analog technology
 Were very limited in capacity and did
not extend across geographic areas
 Systems using 1G :
AMPS, TACS, and NMT
From 1G to 3G…
- 2G -
 Developed in Europe and the US to provide
better voice quality, higher capacity as well as
lower power consumption
 Offer support for simple non-voice services
like SMS (simple messaging service)
 2G technologies do not interoperate
 Difficult roaming between countries using
different systems
 Cannot meet subscriber demands for new,
faster non-voice services on the move
What is 2.5G Wireless?
 Also known as Interim Generation

 GPRS (General Packet Radio service) &
EDGE (Enhanced Data rate)
– Provides options for higher data rate
while building on existing 2G systems
 GPRS -> 171.2 kbps theoretical max bit rate
 EDGE -> 384 kbps bit rate
3G Wireless Systems
 3G Wireless Systems are the new generation
of systems that offer high bandwidth and
support digital voice along with multimedia
and global roaming.
 Globally, different systems are being used,
so, to migrate to globally acceptable systems,
numerous standardization activities were
carried out and three systems emerged: W-
CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA
3G System Capabilities
•Capabilities to support circuit and packet data at high

bit rates:
•144 kilobits/second or higher in mobility (vehicular) traffic
•384 kilobits/second for pedestrian traffic
•2 Megabits/second or higher for indoor traffic
•Interoperability and roaming

•Common Billing/User Profiles
•Sharing of usage/rate information between service providers
•Standardized call detail recording
•Standardized user profiles
3G System Capabilities ….
•Capability
to determine geographic position of mobiles
and report it to both the network and the mobile terminal
•Support of Multimedia Services/Capabilities

•Fixed and variable rate bit traffic
•Bandwidth on demand
•Asymmetric data rates in the forward and reverse links
•Multimedia mail store and forward
•Broadband access up to 2 Megabits/second
Comparison of Generations
1G 2G 3G
System Analogue Digital Digital
WCDMA,CDMA2000,
Major Systems AMPS,NMT,TACS GSM,CDMA,TDMA
TD-SCDMA
Voice + little Circuit Voice + Packet-
Application Voice
switch-data switch-data
More than 5Million
Local Subscriber Less than 500k About 5.9 Million
(estimated)
Depends on 144kbps for mobile to
Speed 9.6kbps to 14.4kbps
Analogue Signal 2Mbps for stationary
More secure data

Multimedia data,
Unstable, services available,
positioning capability,
incomplete coverage broader coverage,
Properties connection to
and poor sound more stable, allow
internet, always
quality more users, better
connected
sound quality
More on 3G…
 CDMA – Multi-Carrier (CDMA2000)
– Uses 3.6864 Mcps which is 3 x 1.2288
Mcps that was used for the old CDMA
one. They both use a 1.25 MHz channel
and this effectively translates into 5MHz
bandwidth (3.6864 x 1.25).
 CDMA – TDD (Ultra TDD & TD-SCDMA
– Used only in China
Applications Using 3G
Communication services Education

•Video telephony •Virtual schools
•Video conference •On-line science lab
•Personal location (GPS) •On-line library
•On-line language labs
•Training
Applications Using 3G…
Business services Finance services

• Mobile office •Virtual banking
•Narrowcast business TV •On-line billing
•Virtual workgroups •Universal USIM and credit card
•Expertise on tap
Entertainment
•Audio on demand
•Games
•Video clips
•Virtual sightseeing
3G / WLAN Integration
 Why Integrate ?
– To have access to high-bandwidth access
where WLAN coverage is offered, while
accessing wide area coverage of 3G at
other places.
 Problems : -
 Continuity of Sessions.
 Security.
Implementing 3G and WLAN
 Architecture
- Functionalities include reuse of 3G
subscription, network selection, 3G
system based authentication,
authorization and security using
SIM/USIM card
- WLAN access will rely on existing
820.11 standards
 Security – Problem in WLANs

– Not too much of a problem in 3G, as the
3G Wireless component of the integration
provides the necessary security features.
 Tightly coupled
- uses a 3G core network to access
WLAN
 Loosely coupled (preferred)
- uses a WLAN gateway to directly
access the internet
Key Parameters of 3G and 4G Systems
3G 4G
Frequency
1.8 - 2.5 GHz 2 - 8 GHz
Band
Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 5 - 20 MHz
Up to 2 Mbps (384
Data Rate Up to 20 Mbps
Kbps deployed)
W - CDMA / CDMA MC - CDMA or OFDMA
Access
2000 / TD -SCDMA (TDMA)
Switching Circuit / Packet Packet
Mobile top
200 Km/h 200 Km/h
speeds
Conclusion
 3G technologies promise to deliver a lot and are
slowly being put into effect.
 We have already started seeing the early
features of 3G technologies being implemented in
our phones, i.e., the video phones in the market.
 It remains to be seen how much of the promised
features and applications are actually
implemented in today’s economy.
 However, they have been slow in coming in.
Let’s see what the future holds…
REFERENCES
 Websites
– About/Cellphones
<http://cellphones.about.com/library/glossary/bldef_3g_wireless.htm>
– White Paper on ‘WCDMA’, InterDigital, Inc.
<http://www.interdigital.com/tech_products_wcdma.shtml>
– www.3g-generation.com
– www.fcc.gov
– www.cdg.org
– www.3gsm.org
– www.3g-newsroom.com
Two Questions?
 1 – Name two 3G Wireless Systems?

 2 – What is the Data Rate for 3G Wireless
Systems
The Answers
 1 – Name two 3G Wireless Systems?

– WCDMA
– CDMA-2000
– TD-CDMA
 2 – What is the Data Rate for 3G Wireless Systems?

– 2 Mbps
Thank You!

3G Wireless 3G Wireless

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3G

 Imagine the possibilities of

 Also known as Interim Generation

•Capabilities to support circuit and packet data at high

•Interoperability and roaming

•Support of Multimedia Services/Capabilities

More secure data

Communication services Education

Business services Finance services

 Security – Problem in WLANs

 1 – Name two 3G Wireless Systems?

 1 – Name two 3G Wireless Systems?

 2 – What is the Data Rate for 3G Wireless Systems?

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