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    Smart School ID System: ENPM 613 - Systems Engineering Design Project

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    Mohd Syahmi
    The document proposes a Smart School ID system using RFID technology to provide presence detection, access control, and notification services for student accountability and security. The system would use RFID tags on student ID cards to track student attendance and restrict access. Requirements would be defined using UML diagrams and verified through testing procedures. The system aims to securely and efficiently track student data using RFID readers installed throughout the school to detect student tags.

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    Smart School ID System: ENPM 613 - Systems Engineering Design Project

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Syahmi
    31 views34 pages
    The document proposes a Smart School ID system using RFID technology to provide presence detection, access control, and notification services for student accountability and security. The system would use RFID tags on student ID cards to track student attendance and restrict access. Requirements would be defined using UML diagrams and verified through testing procedures. The system aims to securely and efficiently track student data using RFID readers installed throughout the school to detect student tags.

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    The document proposes a Smart School ID system using RFID technology to provide presence detection, access control, and notification services for student accountability and security. The system would use RFID tags on student ID cards to track student attendance and restrict access. Requirements would be defined using UML diagrams and verified through testing procedures. The system aims to securely and efficiently track student data using RFID readers installed throughout the school to detect student tags.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    31 views34 pages

    Smart School ID System: ENPM 613 - Systems Engineering Design Project

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Syahmi
    The document proposes a Smart School ID system using RFID technology to provide presence detection, access control, and notification services for student accountability and security. The system would use RFID tags on student ID cards to track student attendance and restrict access. Requirements would be defined using UML diagrams and verified through testing procedures. The system aims to securely and efficiently track student data using RFID readers installed throughout the school to detect student tags.

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    Smart School ID System

    ENPM 613 Systems Engineering Design Project

    Presented By:
    Alpa Kothari
    Neha Dua
    Smart School ID System
    The Need:

    A school generally deals with the following high priority security


    risks:
    Student accountability in normal and Emergency operations
    Need to restrict outsider access
    Smart School ID System
    The Solution:
    We propose a Smart School ID system that will provide presence
    detection/access control and notification services as well.
    The presence detection/access control function is comprised of a
    wired/wireless sensor network of readers that is installed in school
    buildings to detect presence of students with badges or tags.

    All school students will be supplied photo school ID cards that provide
    automated access to designated school entrances during school hours.
    The ID cards will be worn at school throughout the day.

    As a part of the roll call, student IDs will be tapped into the system when
    each student arrives or leaves the school. This automates time and
    attendance reconciliation.
    Smart School ID System
    Approach:

    The system would be analyzed and UML definitions will be


    used to accurately define the system behavior.
    Formal requirements for a particular school would then be
    created.
    Finally system requirements will be verified to ensure that
    the system satisfies the properties required.
    Smart Student ID System
    System Goals:

    Goal 1: The system must be secure


    Goal 2: The system must be efficient
    Goal 3: The system must be usable
    Goal 4: The system must be reliable
    Goal 5: The system must be easy to maintain
    Goal 6: The system must track accurately and maintain
    data integrity
    Goal 7: The system must provide authorized access
    The Technology
    Various ID Systems:

    Bar Code
    Biometric
    Voice Identification
    Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems
    RFID
    The Technology
    RFID:

    Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology uses radio waves to


    automatically identify physical objects (either living beings or inanimate
    items). Therefore, the range of objects identifiable using RFID includes
    virtually everything on this planet (and beyond).

    Thus, RFID is an example of automatic identification (Auto-ID) technology


    by which a physical object can be identified automatically.
    Advantages of RFID over Bar Code
    Advantages:

    Human intervention is required to scan a barcode, whereas in most


    applications an RFID tag can be detected "hands off."
    Barcodes must be visible on the outside of product packaging. RFID tags
    can be detected regardless of their orientation
    You must have "line of sight" to read a barcode. Line of sight is not
    required for RFID tagged objects
    The readability of barcodes can be impaired by dirt, moisture, abrasion, or
    packaging contours. RFID tags are not affected by those conditions.
    RFID tags have a longer read range than barcodes.
    RFID tags have read/write memory capability; barcodes do not.
    More data can be stored in an RFID tag than can be stored on a barcode.
    How it Works
    A radio device called a tag is attached to the
    object that needs to be identified. Unique
    identification data about this tagged object is
    stored on this tag. When such a tagged object is
    presented in front of a suitable RFID reader, the
    tag transmits this data to the reader (via the
    reader antenna). The reader then reads the data
    and has the capability to forward it over suitable
    communication channels, such as a network or a
    serial connection, to a software application
    running on a computer. This application can then
    use this unique data to identify the object
    presented to the reader. It can then perform a
    variety of actions such as updating the location
    information of this object in the database,
    sending an alert to the floor personnel, or
    completely ignoring it (if a duplicate read, for
    example).
    RFID System
    An RFID system is an integrated collection of components that
    implement an RFID solution.
    Tag. This is a mandatory component of any RFID system.
    Reader. This is a mandatory component, too.
    Reader antenna. This is another mandatory component. Some current
    readers available today have built-in antennas
    Controller. This is a mandatory component. However, most of the new-
    generation readers have this component built in to them.
    Sensor, actuator, and annunciator. These optional components are
    needed for external input and output of the system.
    Host and software system. Theoretically, an RFID system can function
    independently without this component. Practically, an RFID system is
    close to worthless without this component.
    Communication infrastructure. This mandatory component is a collection
    of both wired and wireless network and serial connection infrastructure
    needed to connect the previously listed components together to
    effectively communicate with each other.
    System Architecture
    Smart Student ID System
    Level 1 Requirements Created
    Level 2 Requirements Derived
    Component Requirements & Specifications Developed

    requirements.xls
    Smart Student ID System
    Use Case diagrams
    We developed use case descriptions and diagrams to
    define the requirements of the system.
    Identified the users of the systems and the roles
    16 use cases were developed to cover the system
    functionality.
    Smart Student ID System
    Smart Student ID System
    Smart Student ID System
    Smart Student ID System
    Activity Diagrams & State Chart Diagrams

    Activity & state chart diagrams have been developed to study the
    Work flow & the Dynamic Behavior of the system
    Smart Student ID System
    Activity Diagrams
    Smart Student ID System
    Smart Student ID System
    Smart Student ID System
    STATE CHART DIAGRAMS
    Smart Student ID System
    STATE CHART DIAGRAMS
    Smart Student ID System
    STATE CHART DIAGRAMS
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification
    Test Procedure
    Test the effect of environments with different medium, humidity, and
    electromagnetic wave etc.
    Test the difference between HF and UHF frequency, 96 bits and 2K bytes
    volume, active and passive tag, and the compatibility with bar code
    Include both Field and lab testing as well
    Test Specifications
    A Test Method of Tag on Things Surface
    Static Spectrum Analyzing Test, to confirm five candidate places
    Medium Replacement Test, to suggest the casing material

    Apparatus: signal generator, display device, real-time RF signal analyzer, thermometer,


    speed measurer, speed- adjustable conveyor, network analyzer, dimension measuring
    devices etc
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification
    Technical Variables for the testing procedures
    The technical variables that should be considered while designing &
    implementing RFID solutions are listed below:
    Frequency of operation
    Tags
    Readers
    Antennas
    Operating Conditions
    Application Software & Hardware
    Database Management System
    Integration testing
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification

    Technical Variables for the testing procedures for RFID Tag


    The technical variables to be tested are:
    Type
    Readability which is effected by read distance, tag motion, tag
    orientation, operating environment.
    Data capacity
    Physical properties for checking the dimensions & weight
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification

    Technical Variables for the testing procedures for RFID Reader


    & RF Communications
    The technical variables to be tested are:
    Features: type, Installation
    Readability: Anti collision, false Reads
    Operating Conditions
    Reader Collision
    Distance Calculation
    Signal Strength and Power usage
    Effect of communication medium and environmental
    interference.
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification: A table to show interference provided to RF
    frequencies by various materials
    Material LF HF UHF Microwave

    Clothing RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent

    Dry wood RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-absorbent

    Graphite RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-opaque RF-opaque

    Liquids (some types) RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-absorbent RF-absorbent

    Metals RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-opaque RF-opaque

    Motor oil RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent

    Paper products RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent

    Plastics RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-lucent (some types)

    Shampoo RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-absorbent RF-absorbent

    Water RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-absorbent RF-absorbent

    Wet wood RF-lucent RF-lucent RF-absorbent RF-absorbent


    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification

    Some of the tests are:


    Access Control testing
    Test Database Security
    Test Accurate Tracking
    Traffic handling test
    Reader and Tag testing
    Antenna Test
    Speed Test
    Anti collision Test
    Read Distance Test
    Tag near conductor test
    Radiation pattern test
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification: Sample Test Case
    Smart Student ID System
    Validation & Verification: Formal Test Procedure to test
    the tag performance in presence of metal

    The presence of a material near a tag often changes the performance of the tag in significant
    ways. Conductors, such as metal, provide some of the greatest challenges for RFID tags.
    Conductors are everywhere, including places one might least expect them. Boxes of
    dishwasher detergent (used for our conveyor testing, for example,) are lined with a metal foil.
    Even a very thin foil of metal is enough to make products difficult to tag.

    To assess the performance of tags near metal:


    Place each tag at varying distances from a large, flat piece of steel.
    The tags and metal plate here are separated by air.
    Place the tag at about 3 feet away from the reader antenna.
    Use an attenuator to determine the dB attenuation level at which the tag could no
    longer read.
    A higher attenuation level, expressed in dB, corresponds to a longer reading distance.

    This provides with an approximate maximum read distance for each tag.
    (The RFID Alliance Lab report contains charts of the dB attenuation level for each tag with an
    approximate conversion into read distance in feet.)
    Smart Student ID System
    Requirement Traceability Matrix
    requirements.xls
    Smart Student ID System
    Tasks to be Accomplished:
    Formal Test Procedures for various system
    specifications to be developed
    Smart Student ID System

    Thank you

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