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    Autism Spectrum Disorder

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    Frenstan Tan
    The document discusses Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its characteristics as a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental syndromes involving impairments in social communication and interaction as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Key details provided include an epidemiology of ASD occurring in approximately 1 in 42 people, potential pathogenesis involving neural connectivity and development, its classification in the DSM-IV and DSM-V, screening tools used for assessment, and treatment approaches involving behavioral therapy, educational interventions, and some pharmacological options.

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    Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Uploaded by

    Frenstan Tan
    209 views27 pages
    The document discusses Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its characteristics as a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental syndromes involving impairments in social communication and interaction as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Key details provided include an epidemiology of ASD occurring in approximately 1 in 42 people, potential pathogenesis involving neural connectivity and development, its classification in the DSM-IV and DSM-V, screening tools used for assessment, and treatment approaches involving behavioral therapy, educational interventions, and some pharmacological options.

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    The document discusses Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its characteristics as a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental syndromes involving impairments in social communication and interaction as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Key details provided include an epidemiology of ASD occurring in approximately 1 in 42 people, potential pathogenesis involving neural connectivity and development, its classification in the DSM-IV and DSM-V, screening tools used for assessment, and treatment approaches involving behavioral therapy, educational interventions, and some pharmacological options.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    209 views27 pages

    Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Uploaded by

    Frenstan Tan
    The document discusses Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its characteristics as a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental syndromes involving impairments in social communication and interaction as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Key details provided include an epidemiology of ASD occurring in approximately 1 in 42 people, potential pathogenesis involving neural connectivity and development, its classification in the DSM-IV and DSM-V, screening tools used for assessment, and treatment approaches involving behavioral therapy, educational interventions, and some pharmacological options.

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    Autism

    Spectrum
    Disorder
    Frenstan - 01073170175
    Pembimbing : dr. Engelberta Pardamean, Sp.KJ
    Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
    is a phenotypically heterogeneous
    group of neurodevelopmental
    syndromes, with polygenic heritability,
    characterized by a wide range of
    impairments in social communication
    and interaction and restricted and
    repetitive behaviors, interest and
    activity.

    2
    ”
    3 EPIDEMIOLOGY

    14.7 per 1000

    1 : 42

    1 : 190
    4 PATHOGENESIS

    ▹ Neural Connectivity
    ▹ Neural Migration
    ▹ Impairment Synaptogenesis and Dendrits
    5 DSM
    Autism
    Spectrum
    Infantile Autism Disorder

    Pervasive
    Development
    Disorder
    DSM-IV-TR : Pervasive Developmental Disorder
    6

    • Autism Disorder
    • Rett’s Disorder
    • Childhood Disintergrative Disorder
    • Asperger’s Disorder
    • Pervasive Developmental Disorder YTT
    DSM-IV-TR : Autism Disorder
    7
    DSM-IV-TR : Rett’s Disorder
    8
    DSM-IV-TR : Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
    9
    DSM-IV-TR : Asperger’s Disorder
    10
    DSM-IV-TR : Pervasive Developmental Disorder
    11
    This category should be used when there is a severe and pervasive
    impairment in the development of reciprocal social interaction or
    verbal and nonverbal communication skills, or when stereotyped
    behavior, interests, and activities are present, but the criteria are not
    met for a specific Pervasive Developmental Disorder,
    Schizophrenia, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, or Avoidant
    Personality Disorder.
    DSM-V Autism Spectrum Disorder
    12
    DSM-V Autism Spectrum Disorder
    13
    DSM-V Autism Spectrum Disorder
    14
    DSM-V Autism Spectrum Disorder
    15
    DSM-IV-TR VS DSM-V
    16
    DSM-IV-TR VS DSM-V
    17
    DSM-IV-TR VS DSM-V
    18
    Screening Tools
    19
    Modified Checklist for
    Autism in Toddlers,
    Revised with Follow-Up
    (MCAT)

    16 and 30 months of age


    0 to 2 – Low risk
    3 to 7 – Medium risk; 8 to
    20 – High risk
    Screening Tools
    20
    Screening Tool for Autism
    in Toddlers and Young
    Children (STAT)

    24 to 36 months

    2nd Stage screening


    Screening Tools
    21
    Social Communication
    Questionnaire (SCQ)

    Preschool to toodlers

    >15 : consider ASD


    Global
    Delay/
    MR Social
    OCD Communication
    Disorder

    Language
    Axiety based
    ASD learning
    Disorder
    disorder

    Rett Hearing
    Disorder Impairment
    Landau-
    Kleffner
    syndrome

    Diagnosis Banding
    Treatment
    23
    • Intervensi intensif awal perilaku dan perkembangan
     UCLA/Lovass-based Model
     Early Start Denver Model (ESDM)
     Parent Training Approach(PTA)
    • Social Skills Approaches
     Social Skills Training (SST)
    Treatment
    24
    • Repetitive Behaviors and Associated Symptoms
     Behavioral Therapy
     CBT
    • Educational Interventions for children with ASD
     Treatment and Education of Autistic and Communication-
    related Handicapped children (TEACCH)
     Computer-based approaches and virtual reality
    Treatment Farmakologis
    25

    • Iritabilitas
    Risperidon (SDRA) 0,5mg-1,5mg per hari
    Aripriprazole (DRA) 5mg-15mg per hari
    Olanzapine (SDRA) 5mg-10mg per hari
    • Hiperaktifitas, impulsif dan gangguan perhatian
    Metilfenidat (DRa) 0.25mg – 0.5mg/kg per hari
    Atomoxetin (NeRU) 0,5-0,8-1,2 mg/kg per hari
    Treatment Farmakologis
    26

    • Repetitif dan Stereotipik


    Fluoxetin (SSRI) 10-20mg/d -> 20-60mg/d
    • Gangguan perilaku
    Quetiapin (APG2) 50-200mg/d
    Clozapine (APG2)
    27

    THANKS!
    Any questions?

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