Temperature and Expansion
Temperature and Expansion
Where:
ΔL = change in length
ΔL = αLoΔT Lo= original length
α = coefficient of linear
expansion
Where:
ΔV = change in volume
ΔV = βVoΔT Vo= original volume
β = coefficient of
volume expansion
≈ 3α
Ans: 4.6x10-6m
EXAMPLES:
2.) A concrete sidewalk is constructed between two
buildings on a day when the temperature is 25°C. The
sidewalk consists of two slabs, each three meters in
length and of negligible thickness. As the temperature
rises to 38°C, the slabs expand, but no space is
provided for thermal expansion. the buildings do not
move, so the slabs buckle upward. Determine the
vertical distance of the buckled slabs.
αconcrete = 12x10-6(C°)-1
Ans: 0.053m
EXAMPLES:
3.) A steel beam is used in the roadbed of a bridge. The
beam is mounted between two concrete supports
when the temperature is 23°C, with no room provided
for thermal expansion. What compressional stress
must the concrete supports apply to each end of the
beam, if they are to keep the beam from expanding
when the temperature rises to 42°C?
αsteel = 12x10-6(C°)-1, Ysteel = 2x1011 N/m2
Ans: 8x10-4
EXAMPLES:
5.) A rod made from a particular alloy is heated from 25°C
to the boiling point of water. its length increases by
8.47x10-4m. The rod is then cooled from 25°C to the
freezing point of water. By how much does the rod
shrink?
Ans: -2.82x10-4m