Product Design Technology

Product Design Technology and
Ergonomics (17EI554)
1. Introduction to Product Design:
2. Product Design Practice and Industry:
3. Productivity:
4. Work Study: Introduction to Work
Measurement:
5. Ergonomics:
Course Outcomes:
1. Define product design and describe process of product

design.
2. Analyze the strategies in the development of product from
industry perspective.
3. Identify the role and responsibility of designer and the
challenges in industrial design.
4. Evaluate the work study and work measurement.
5. Apply the concepts of ergonomics in product design and
development.
6. Develop engineering, scientific and mathematical skills to
execute a design from concept to finished product.
Product design Technology :
• Product :
Product design deals with conversion of ideas
into reality and, as in other forms of human
activity, aims at fulfilling human needs.
The designer’s responsibility is therefore serious.

Design : (Iterative process)
Design for consumption must consider the following factors:
1. Design for maintenance
2. Design for reliability
3. Design for safety
4. Design for convenience in use (taking into account human
factors)
5. Design for aesthetic features
6. Design for operational economy
7. Design for adequate duration of services
8. Obtain service data that can provide a basis for product
improvement, for next-generation designs, and for the
design of different, but related products.
Introduction to Product Design Asimow’s
Model
• Begins with a definition of design as a process of
conversion of ideas into concrete reality.
• The difference between design by evolution and design
by innovation is explained. further discusses the seven
phases of morphology of design process as proposed
by the design philosopher Morris Asimov.
• The three primary design phases, namely
– Feasibility analysis,
– Preliminary analysis
– Detailed analysis, are developed by considering the 25
steps with input, output and decision box at each step.
THE MORPHOLOGY OF DESIGN
(THE SEVEN PHASES)
1. Phase I—Feasibility Study (plan)

2. Phase II—Preliminary Design (using tools)
3. Phase III—Detailed Design ( )
4. Phase IV—Planning the Production Process(pdt
generation)
5. Phase V—Planning for Distribution(Transport)
6. Phase VI—Planning for Consumption(Maintenance)
7. Phase VII—Planning for Retirement(Disposal of the
retired product)
Product Design Practice and Industry:
• Design as practised by industry, focusing on product strategies,
relationship between design, production and marketing, product
characteristics, standardization and variety reduction.
• Further, the role of a designer: myth and reality, various types of
models used by the designer, aesthetics, including form
elements and product message and functional design practice,
are discussed
• Functional design,
• production design,
• Design for transportation,
• Design for maintenance and ergonomic design,
• Types of design work, such as adaptive design,
• variant design, creative design, configuration design and
modular design explaining their characteristics.
Productivity:
• Since the dawn of civilization, man has been engaged in
converting natural resources into useful products.
• Extracting wealth from earth
• Industrialization
• Nations are classified according to their degree of
industrialization.
• production is perhaps most vital because it involves the
conversion of raw material into the final product.
Work Study:
• Definition, objective and scope of work study.
Human factor in work study,
• Work study and management,
• Work study and supervision,
• Work study and worker.
• Introduction to Work Measurement:, objective
and benefit of work measurement, Work
measurement techniques
Ergonomics: Designing products and machines to adapt
them to human characteristics is the domain of ergonomics.
Interaction between man and Machine
• Introduction, Areas of study under Ergonomics,

System approach to Ergonomics model,
• Man-Machine System. Components of Man-
Machine System, Work capabilities of Industrial
Worker.
• Study of Development of Stress in Human body
and their consequences, Computer based
ergonomics.
• Chapter 4 on stiffness based design uses analogies and
physical models proposed by design
• philosophers like Euler, Prandtl and others to
recommend material saving approaches. The chapter
• develops formulae for ribbed plates, corrugated plates
and membrane structures. These designs are
• rarely available in standard textbooks on applied
mechanics even though industry makes profitable
• use of such material-saving approaches. Practising
design engineers will find this chapter quite
• useful.
• Chapter 5 on production processes gives a detailed
fundamental approach to several primary
• processes such as casting processes of various types.
Forging, extruding and joining processes are
• also dealt with in detail to guide a designer to
effectively use it. The scope of metal cutting and
• abrasive processes has been enlarged in this edition of
the book. A brief description of nontraditional
machining is also given to guide the designer in
contributing to effective process planning.
• Chapter 6 on design for production focuses on
the desirable design aspects for forged
components,
• pressed components, machining, powder
metallurgy, expanded metals, and wire forms.
The details of
• this chapter should provide a guideline for a
process engineer who is a connecting link
between a
• designer and a production engineer.

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Product Design Technology and

1. Define product design and describe process of product

The designer’s responsibility is therefore serious.

1. Phase I—Feasibility Study (plan)

• Introduction, Areas of study under Ergonomics,

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