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    Laws of Logarithms

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    bonifacio gianga jr
    The document discusses the laws of logarithms and their properties for expanding, condensing, and simplifying logarithmic expressions. It provides examples of using the properties to expand logarithms into sums and differences, as well as condensing expressions into single logarithms. It also discusses calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH and solving word problems using the basic logarithm properties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Laws of Logarithms

    Uploaded by

    bonifacio gianga jr
    334 views13 pages
    The document discusses the laws of logarithms and their properties for expanding, condensing, and simplifying logarithmic expressions. It provides examples of using the properties to expand logarithms into sums and differences, as well as condensing expressions into single logarithms. It also discusses calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH and solving word problems using the basic logarithm properties.

    Original Description:

    Solving logarithms using the Laws of Logarithms

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    The document discusses the laws of logarithms and their properties for expanding, condensing, and simplifying logarithmic expressions. It provides examples of using the properties to expand logarithms into sums and differences, as well as condensing expressions into single logarithms. It also discusses calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH and solving word problems using the basic logarithm properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    334 views13 pages

    Laws of Logarithms

    Uploaded by

    bonifacio gianga jr
    The document discusses the laws of logarithms and their properties for expanding, condensing, and simplifying logarithmic expressions. It provides examples of using the properties to expand logarithms into sums and differences, as well as condensing expressions into single logarithms. It also discusses calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH and solving word problems using the basic logarithm properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13
    At a glance
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    The passage discusses the laws of logarithms and how to manipulate logarithmic expressions using properties like expansion and condensation.

    The three laws of logarithms are: 1) Logb(mn) = logb(m) + logb(n), 2) Logb(m/n) = logb(m) - logb(n), 3) Logb(mn) = nlogb(m).

    Logarithmic expressions can be expanded using the first two laws into a sum or difference of logarithms, or condensed into a single logarithm using the inverse laws.

    LAWS OF

    LOGARITHMS

    By Bonifacio Jr. L. Giangan


    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟔𝟒 =3
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟑 =1
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟓 =3
    𝟑
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 (𝟕𝟑 ∙ 𝟕𝟖 ) 11 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 (𝟕𝟑 ∙ 𝟕𝟖 ) =𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟖
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟓 5

    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟖 11 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕𝟓 =𝟓


    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 (𝟐𝟕 ∙ 𝟖𝟏) 7
    ∙ 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕
    *𝟓 ∙ 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 (𝟐𝟕 ∙ 𝟖𝟏)= 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟐𝟕 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟖𝟏
    5
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟐𝟕 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟖𝟏
    7
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 𝟕𝟒𝟗
    𝟒𝟗
    1 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟒𝟗 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕
    *𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟒𝟗 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟕 𝟕 𝟕

    1
    •Laws of logarithms

    Let 𝒃 > 𝟎, 𝒃 ≠ 𝟏 and 𝒍𝒆𝒕 𝒏 ∈ ℝ. For 𝒖 >


    𝟎, 𝒗 > 𝟎, then

    1. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒖𝒗 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒖 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒗


    𝒖
    2. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒗 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒖 − 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒗
    3. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒖𝒏 = 𝒏 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒖
    Use the properties of logarithm to EXPAND the expressions
    as a sum, difference, or multiple of logarithms. Simplify

    𝑥3
    1. log 3 log 𝑥 − log 2
    2

    2.ln[𝑥 𝑥 − 5 ] ln 𝑥 + ln(𝑥 − 5)
    Use the properties of logarithm to CONDENSE the
    expressions as a sigle logarithm.

    1. log 2 + log 3 log 6

    2. 2 ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑦 𝑥2
    ln
    𝑦
    *
    *Note: Mention that log 𝑏 𝑢 is
    𝑛

    not the same as log 𝑏 𝑢 . In


    𝑛

    the first expression, n is the


    exponent of u, but in the
    second expression, n is the
    exponent of log 𝑏 𝑢.
    Emphasize some common
    mistakes:
    *log 2 (5 + 2) ≠ log 2 5 + log 2 5
    *log 2 5 − 2 ≠ log 2 5 − log 2 2
    *log 2 5 ∙ 2 ≠ 2 log 2 5 ∙ 2
    2
    *Calculate the hydrogen ion
    concentration of vinegar that
    has a pH level of 3.0. (Refer
    to lesson 17 for a discussion of
    pH levels)
    *Solution:
    pH= − log[𝐻+ ]
    +
    3.0 = − log 𝐻
    −3.0 = log 𝐻+
    −3.0 𝐻+
    10 = 10
    −3.0 +
    10 = [𝐻 ]
    *Answer: The hydrogen ion concentration is 𝟏𝟎−𝟑.𝟎 moles
    per liter.
    GROUP ACTIVITY
    Direction: Answer the given problem and use
    the basic properties and laws of logarithms.
    • Suppose you have seats to a concert
    featuring your favorite musical artist. Calculate
    the approximate decibel level associated if a
    typical concert’s sound intensity(I) is 10−2
    W/m2
    Sound Intensity
    In acoustics, the decibel (dB) level of a sound is
    𝐼
    D=10log 10−12where I is the sound intensity in
    watts/𝑚2 (the quantity 10−12 watts/𝑚2 is least audible sound a
    human can hear
    *Study about Change-base
    formula. Give some
    examples.

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