Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 400 views

    Economiser

    Uploaded by

    jadgug
    An economizer is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. Modern boilers place the economizer after the feed water heater to prevent corrosion. The economizer consists of many vertical pipes through which feed water flows counter-currently to exhaust gases. This design allows for heat transfer from the flue gases to the cooler water, improving efficiency by reducing fuel consumption. However, economizers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Economiser

    Uploaded by

    jadgug
    400 views15 pages
    An economizer is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. Modern boilers place the economizer after the feed water heater to prevent corrosion. The economizer consists of many vertical pipes through which feed water flows counter-currently to exhaust gases. This design allows for heat transfer from the flue gases to the cooler water, improving efficiency by reducing fuel consumption. However, economizers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases.

    Original Title

    Economiser.pptx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    An economizer is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. Modern boilers place the economizer after the feed water heater to prevent corrosion. The economizer consists of many vertical pipes through which feed water flows counter-currently to exhaust gases. This design allows for heat transfer from the flue gases to the cooler water, improving efficiency by reducing fuel consumption. However, economizers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    400 views15 pages

    Economiser

    Uploaded by

    jadgug
    An economizer is a device that increases the temperature of feed water using waste heat from flue gases leaving the boiler. Modern boilers place the economizer after the feed water heater to prevent corrosion. The economizer consists of many vertical pipes through which feed water flows counter-currently to exhaust gases. This design allows for heat transfer from the flue gases to the cooler water, improving efficiency by reducing fuel consumption. However, economizers also cause a pressure drop in flue gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Economiser

    What is economiser?
    “A Device , which increases the temprature
    of feed water using waste heat of flue
    gases leaving the boiler through chimney.
    • Previously economizer are placed before feed water heater.
    • Effect of placing economizer before feed water heater
    If the economizer is placed before feed water heater- the tube wall
    temperature of feed water will be less as economizer receives the
    water with low temperature directly from well.
    As the wall temperature is less(below dew point temperature) the
    moisture contained by the flue gas gets condensed -when the flue
    gas comes in contact with tube wall.
    Consequence –corrosion- due to presence of SO2 in the flue gas.
    Modern boiler the economizer is placed after feed water heater.
    Economizer tube Od-45mm-70mm, pitch-45mm
    Materials- steel
    Economiser
    •construction

    •working

    •advantages
    •disadvantages
    Construction of
    economisers
     Consists of a large numbers of vertical cast irons (steel
    water pipes)
     One end of vertical pipe connected with horizontal pipe A &
    another end with B.
     The feed water enters into economiser through the
    bottom pipe A.
     Then, it comes into top pipe B through the vertical pipes.
     After that ,it comes into boiler for further working.
     The hot flue gases coming from boiler pass over the
    vertical tubes of economizer.
    • OBSERVE :
    The heat transfer takes place from flue
    gases to cold water rising in vertical tubes of
    economizer either in cross flow or counter flow.
    The soot of flue gases which gets deposited
    on the vertical pipes REDUCES
    EFFICIENCY of the economiser.

    TO PREVENT SOOT DEPOSIT ,the


    scrapers S move up & down by chain and
    gears to keep the external surface of the
    pipe clean(for better HEAT TRANSFER)
    A BLOW OFF COCK VALVE is
    provided at back end of vertical
    pipes to remove sediments
    deposited in the bottom boxes .
    A SAFETY VALVE provided at the
    end of the pipe A for the safety of
    the pipes.
    Advantages
    Higher feed water temperature tend to
    reduce boiler thermal stersses, so life
    of boiler increased.
    Economisers utilized waste heat from flue
    gases, so fuel consumption of
    boiler reduces.
    Increased evaporate capacity
    of boiler.
    Disadvantages
    Economisers placed at passage of
    the flow of flue gases , so
    pressure drop take place of
    flue gases (loss of draught)
    DESIGN OF ECONOMIZER
    ASSUMPTION:
    • The properties are remains constant under steady state conditions
    and neglect surrounding losses.
    • Kinetic and potential energies are neglected.
    DESIGN ANALYSIS:
    Heat Transfer,
    QECO  mg C pg Tg1  Tg 2   m fwC pfw Tsat  T fw   UA0 tlm F
    • Where m = mass of fluid in kg
    C = specific heat of water in kj/kg oc
    • In Counter flow LMTD 
    ti  te
    t
    ln i
    te

    ti  Tg1  Tsat te  Tg 2  T fw

    Overall heat transfer coefficient


    1 1 1 x 1 1
       w  
    U 0 A0 hsc Ai hi Ai k w Alm h fo Ao ho Ao

    • As gas side heat transfer coefficient is less than liquid side to


    balance the thermal loading on both side in the fins are provided at
    outer side to increase the heat transfer coefficient.
    • If heat transfer coefficient  ho , hi 
    are not known
    can be found out by knowing Re,Pr and then Nu
    And from Nu heat transfer coefficients may be found out
    • As we know
    hd
    Nu 
    kf

    • From Ditus-Boelter equation

    • Nu  0.023Re0.8 Pr n
    • n=0.4 for heated
    • n=0.3 for cooled
    • After getting U
    • We can find Area A o

    • From QECO  U o A0 tlm F


    • Then from Ao we can get d0
    • from
    Ao  n do l
    • Inner diameter can be found out from mass flow
    rate of water.
    • It is assumed that saturated water flows in the
    tubes. m    n 4 d V
    fw fsat i
    2
    fw
     
    • Higher velocity more heat transfer but higher pumping power
    • Hence flue gas velocity is maintained at 10-12m/sec anf water velocity 1-2m/sec.

    You might also like