Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 246 views

    Surveying Level Loop

    Uploaded by

    Riza Espiritu
    This document describes how to perform a level loop or closed circuit survey using an auto level. Key steps include setting up the instrument at stations and taking backsight and foresight readings to established turning points. Readings are then used to calculate elevations. The closure error is determined by comparing the initial and final elevations. Allowable error for closure depends on the survey purpose but is typically set at 0.02 feet or less for this class. Common errors like improper rod readings and tripod movement can be reduced by careful field procedures. An example from 1934 describes an extreme survey that made 329 setups over nearly 8 hours.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Surveying Level Loop

    Uploaded by

    Riza Espiritu
    246 views17 pages
    This document describes how to perform a level loop or closed circuit survey using an auto level. Key steps include setting up the instrument at stations and taking backsight and foresight readings to established turning points. Readings are then used to calculate elevations. The closure error is determined by comparing the initial and final elevations. Allowable error for closure depends on the survey purpose but is typically set at 0.02 feet or less for this class. Common errors like improper rod readings and tripod movement can be reduced by careful field procedures. An example from 1934 describes an extreme survey that made 329 setups over nearly 8 hours.

    Original Title

    SurveyingLevelLoop.ppt

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document describes how to perform a level loop or closed circuit survey using an auto level. Key steps include setting up the instrument at stations and taking backsight and foresight readings to established turning points. Readings are then used to calculate elevations. The closure error is determined by comparing the initial and final elevations. Allowable error for closure depends on the survey purpose but is typically set at 0.02 feet or less for this class. Common errors like improper rod readings and tripod movement can be reduced by careful field procedures. An example from 1934 describes an extreme survey that made 329 setups over nearly 8 hours.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    246 views17 pages

    Surveying Level Loop

    Uploaded by

    Riza Espiritu
    This document describes how to perform a level loop or closed circuit survey using an auto level. Key steps include setting up the instrument at stations and taking backsight and foresight readings to established turning points. Readings are then used to calculate elevations. The closure error is determined by comparing the initial and final elevations. Allowable error for closure depends on the survey purpose but is typically set at 0.02 feet or less for this class. Common errors like improper rod readings and tripod movement can be reduced by careful field procedures. An example from 1934 describes an extreme survey that made 329 setups over nearly 8 hours.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 17

    Surveying a Level Loop

    Level Loop
    (or Closed Circuit)
    Instrument
    location (TYP)

    FS 4.26 ft
    3 ft
    7.1 1
    =
    BS Turning Point
    Elev. 100.00 ft (TYP)
    Closed Circuit or Level Loop
    AUTO LEVEL READINGS
    STADIA

    (+) (-) TOP/BOT DIST


    PT BS HI FS ELEV STADIA /Angle

     BM 7.13 107.13  X  100.00  


    TP-1     4.26 102.87
         
            
     
    Level Loop
    (or Closed Circuit)

    f t FS = 2.99
    5 ft
    = 1.7
    BS 2

    Turning Point
    Elev. 100.00 ft Elev. 102.87
    Closed Circuit or Level Loop
    AUTO LEVEL READINGS
    STADIA

    (+) (-) TOP/BOT DIST


    PT BS HI FS ELEV STADIA /Angle

    BM 7.13 107.13  X  100.00  


    TP-1   1.75   104.62 4.26 102.87
         
    TBM     2.99 101.63
        
     
    Level Loop
    (or Closed Circuit)

    Elev.

    BS = 5.62 ft
    101.63 ft

    Elev. 100.00 ft 3

    ft
    FS

    .01
    =

    BS = 0.94 ft
    8 ft

    =6
    3.3

    BS = 9 . 9
    .12 ft =7

    FS
    FS
    4

    4
    ft

    5
    Closed Circuit or Level Loop
    AUTO LEVEL READINGS
    STADIA

    (+) (-) TOP/BOT DIST


    PT BS HI FS ELEV STADIA /Angle

    BM 7.13 107.13  X  100.00  


    TP-1   1.75   104.62 4.26 102.87
         
    TBM   5.62   107.25 2.99 101.63
        
    TP-2 0.94 102.18 6.01 101.24
     
    TP-3 9.12 103.32 7.98 94.20
    POR 3.34 99.98
    Closure Error
    The difference between a measured or
    calculated elevation and the true or
    established elevation.

    Closure Error = Final Elev. – Initial Elev.


    Closed Circuit or Level Loop
    AUTO LEVEL READINGS
    STADIA

    (+) (-) TOP/BOT DIST


    PT BS HI FS ELEV STADIA /Angle

     BM 7.13 107.13  X  100.00  


    TP-1   1.75   104.62 4.26 102.87
         
    TBM   5.62   107.25 2.99 101.63
        
    TP-2 0.94 102.18 6.01 101.24
     
    TP-3 9.12 103.32 7.98 94.20
    POR 3.3499.98
    - 100.00
    CLOSURE ERROR =  - 0.02 ft 
    Allowable Error
    • The allowable error depends on the type
    and purpose of the surveying.
    • In this class, we will use
    Closed Circuit or Level Loop
    AUTO LEVEL READINGS
    STADIA

    (+) (-) TOP/BOT DIST


    PT BS HI FS ELEV STADIA /Angle

     BM 7.13 107.13  X  100.00 BS 8.63 / 5.63 300 ft


    TP-1 1.75 104.62 4.26 102.87 FS 5.69 / 2.83 286 ft
          BS 3.15 / 0.25 290 ft
    TBM 5.62 107.25 2.99 101.63 FS 4.44 / 1.54 290 ft
          BS 6.67 /4.57 210 ft
    TP-2 0.94 102.18 6.01 101.24 FS 7.08 / 4.94 214 ft
      BS 1.84 / 0.04 180 ft
    TP-3 9.12 103.32 7.98 94.20 FS 8.94 / 7.02 192 ft
    BS 10.42 / 7.82 260 ft
    POR 3.34
    99.98 FS 4.58 / 2.10 248 ft
    - 100.00
    TOTAL =  2470 ft 
    CLOSURE ERROR =  - 0.02 ft 
    Level Loop
    (or Closed Circuit)
    Instrument
    location (TYP)
    290 ft
    ft
    290
    286 ft
    Elev.

    210 ft
    101.63 ft
    t
    0 0f
    3

    Elev. 100.00 ft 3

    ft
    24

    4
    21
    8

    180 ft
    ft

    260 ft ft
    192
    4
    5
    Allowable Error

    Survey data is acceptable


    Reducing Errors
    • Check that bubble is centered for EVERY rod
    reading.
    • Keep the rod plumb during each reading.
    • Establish equal BS and FS reading distances.
    – Equal reading distances will cancel out any error
    caused by the line of sight not being parallel with the
    axis of the bubble tube.
    – This is not always possible due to terrain.
    Common Errors
    • Faulty rod reading (verify reading)
    • Rod not fully extended (high reading)
    • Tripod movement during reading
    • Confusion between recording BS and FS
    entries in the field book
    Can You Top That?

    Courtesy NOAA Photo Library http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/htmls/theb1809.htm

    According to NOAA, this survey party made 329 setups in 7 hours and
    55 minutes working in an area of extreme grades in the Western United
    States in 1934.
    Image Sources
    National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
    Photo Library
    http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/cgs/marks1.html

    You might also like