Science, Technology and Society In: Ancient Times"

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND
SOCIETY IN
“ANCIENT
TIMES”
ANCIENT TIMES
 In this period people were concerned with transportation and
navigation , communication and record –keeping , mass
production , security an protection , as well as health , aesthetics ,
and architecture.
TRANSPORTATION
 was significant during that time because people were
trying to go places and discover new horizons.
 they also travelled to search for food and find better
locations for their settlement using transportations .
COMMUNICATION
 They need a way to communicate with natives of the areas
they visited so as facilitate trade and prevent possible conflicts .
 Recording – keeping was also important since they needed to
remember the places they had been to and document hat trades
they made.
WEAPON AND ARMORS
 were important as well as in the discovery of new places or the
establishment of new alliances with other tribes .
 the development of weapons and armors for security and protection
was considered a major achievement .
 Architecture others might see architecture as a mere style , but during
the ancient times , elaborate architectural design were signs of
technological advancement of a particular civilization .
SUMERIAN
CIVILIZATION
MESOPOTAMIA
- A place in Western wherein thee first Ancient Times civilization started.
SUMERIANS
 are known for their high degree of cooperation with one another and
their desire for great things .
CONTRIBUTIONS OF SUMERIANS
CUNEIFORM
 they carved on the clay using wedge
instruments and then left to dry.
 this sere as their diary , where they list
all things with great historical value to
keep.
URUK CITY
There were no building stones in the location of
this city and lumber was limited , making the
construction a big challenge.
 The Sumerians were able to build their city
using only mud or clay from the river , which they
mixed with reeds .
ZIGGURAT
 Serve as the sacred place of their

chief god .
IRRIGATION AND
DIKES
 Sumerians created dikes and irrigation canals to
bring water to farm lands and at the same time
control the flooding of the rivers.
SAILBOATS
 Address their increasing demands.
Sailboats were essentials in transportation and
trading as well as in fostering culture, information
and technology.
WHEEL
 They invented tis because the improvement of

the ancient times already have a available tools to
create more transportation .
THE PLOW
 As invented to dig the earth in the faster pace.

 With this tool , farmers could cultivate larger
parcels of land faster , enabling them o mass
produce food wit taking so much effort and time .
ROAD
 T he Sumerian developed road to become
easier and faster to travel places than to travel to
soft and muddy roads that make them difficult to
travel.
BABYLONIAN
CIVILIZATION
BABYLONIANS
 were great builders, engineers and architects .

CONTRIBUTIONS OF BABYLONIANS
HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON
One of the seven wonders of the

ancient world .
It build around 600 BC
EGYPTIAN
CIVILIZATION
EGYPTIAN
- Desert areas predominantly cover the country but the presence of the Nile river
provide Egypt the necessary water requirements to support agricultural activities.
-Agricultural inclined and craftsmen
3 PERIODS
1. Earlest Egyptian
2. Golden Age
3. Period of New Kingdom
EARLIEST EGYPTIAN
- Period when they started to study the heavens, the galaxy, and heavenly
bodies
- Primarily focus is on the Stars
- Earliest recorded calendar
GOLDEN AGE
- Period of prosperity and changesor innovation

- Pyramid of Gizah were constructed.
PERIOD OF NEW KINGDOM
- Products in the form of pottery, earthenware, linens, ointments, jewelry were traded
with foreign goods.
- Bigger boats made of wood for transportation and trading.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF EGYPTIAN
PAPER OR PAPYRUS
 this is a plant that grew abundantly

along the NILE RIVER.
 people then were able to send letters or
correspondences anywhere in the world
since he pieces of paper were very light
that they could be carried and delivered by
birds.
INK
 Egyptians invented ink by combining soot with
different chemicals to produce inks of different
colors.
 it must be tamper-proof so that people could
not simply tinker with those written down by
authorities .
HIEROGLYPHICS
 this is system of writing using symbols.

CONTRIBUTION OF EGYPTIAN
COSMETICS
 Egyptian invented the use of cosmetics and their function in

ancient Egypt was for both health and aesthetics reason .
CONTRIBUTION OF EGYPTIAN
KOHL
 Was created by mixing soot or malachite with mineral galena .
Egyptian wore kohl around the eyes to prevent and even cure eye disease.
WIG
Are used to enhance the appearance of people
who are balding or those who want to try new
trends
Wig were used to protect the shaved heads of
the wealthy egyptians from the harmful rays f the
sun .
WATER CLOCK/ CLEPSYDRA
This devices utilizes gravity that affects the flow

f the water from one vessel to other.
 This was widely used as a time keeping device
during the ancient times.
GREEK
CIVILIZATION
GREECE
 Is an archipelago in the southern eastern part of Europe.
 known as the birthplace of Western philosophy
Some of the major achievements of the Greeks include in-depth works on philosophy
ad mathematics .
GREEK WISE MEN
1. THALES- reasoned that matter was composed of convertible to water.

2. SOCRATES- become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics.
3. HIPPOCRATES- pioneered regarding medicine as a science apart from religion.
4. ARISTOTLE- scientific work for gathering information on the structure and
behavior of plants and animals to their identification, description, and classification.
5. ARCHIMEDES- discovery of principles of lever and pulley
6. PYTHOGORAS- Greek mathematician perfected geometry as a single logical
process system.
7. PTOLEMY- greatest astronomers of the ancient times.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF GREEKS
ALARM CLOCK
 The purpose was the same now in the present ,
to tell an individual when to start.
According to Plato he believed to have utilized
an alarm clock to signal the start of his lecture .
CONTRIBUTIONS OF GREEKS
WATER MILL
 They were commonly used in agricultural
processes like milling o grain which was a
necessary form of food processing during that
time.
ROMAN
CIVILIZATION
ROMAN EMPIRE
 was perceived to be the strongest political and social entity in the West.
 considered the roman empire to be the cradle of politics and governance during their period .
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ROMANS
NEWSPAPER
Known as gazettes
It contains the announcement of the roman
empire to the people .
Made before the invention of paper, these
gazettes were engraved in metal or stone tablets
and then publicly displayed.
BOUND BOOKS or CODEX
According to sources, Julius Caesar started the

traditional of stacking up papyrus to form pages
of a book.
Papyrus pages bound together and covered by
animal skin , the ancient roman empire was able to
produce the first books or codex .
RO M A N A RC H I T E C T U R E
They were able to preserve great and elaborate

architectural designs because hey could produce
studies and stronger infrastructures.
Roman government major projects studies such
as : Large churches , Aqueducts , coliseums ,
amphitheater , an even residential houses.
ROMAN NUMERALS
The romans devised their own number
system specially to address the need for a
standard counting method that would
meet their increasing communication and
trade concerns.
CHINESE
CIVILIZATION
CHINESE CIVILIZATION
 is considered to be the oldest civilization

Known as the MIDDLE KIGDOM
CONTRIBUTIONS OF CHINESE
SILK
Is naturally produced by silk worms , the
Chinese were the ones who developed the
technology to harvest the silk and process it to
produce paper and clothing.
The silk opened china to the outside world ,
making way for cultural , economic , and
scientific exchanges .
TEA PRODUCTION
 Was developed when an unknown Chinese

inventor created a machine that was able to shred
tea leaves into strips. This machine was done
using a wheel based mechanism with sharp edges
attached to a wooden or ceramic pot.
GREAT WALL OF
CHINA
 the largest and most extensive infrastructure
that the nation built.
 it serve as the border that divide china from
the rest of the world .
GUN POWDER
 one of the most interesting inventions in china

.
It was developed by Chinese alchemists who
aimed to achieve immortality.
THANK YOU !!!!

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SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND

 Serve as the sacred place of their

 They invented tis because the improvement of

 As invented to dig the earth in the faster pace.

 were great builders, engineers and architects .

HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON

One of the seven wonders of the

- Period of prosperity and changesor innovation

 this is a plant that grew abundantly

 this is system of writing using symbols.

 Egyptian invented the use of cosmetics and their function in

This devices utilizes gravity that affects the flow

1. THALES- reasoned that matter was composed of convertible to water.

BOUND BOOKS or CODEX

According to sources, Julius Caesar started the

They were able to preserve great and elaborate

 is considered to be the oldest civilization

 Was developed when an unknown Chinese

 one of the most interesting inventions in china

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