3.

Keep on reading to improve

your craft in writing
a. Penmanship and grammar
b. time and effort
c. articulation and prediction
d. art plus skills
4. Between husband and wife or
writing and reading, there is a
correlative relationship.
a. doubtful b. mutual
c. close d. instant
 5. Read the memo to ascertain the truth
about
the new salary scheme.
a. test b. prove
c. find out d. reach out
ACTIVITY 2: VOCABULARY
PRACTICE
DIRECTION: On the space provided,
use the newly learned words in
sentences.
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
 Image Intensifier
Complete thee following KWL Chart.
Accomplish the last column later on.

What I
What I Want What I Have
Already
to Know learned
Know
 H.Y.P.O.T.H.E.S.I.S
 is a tentative explanation or an answer a question
about variables, their relationship and other facts
involved in the research. A research always ends up
with the result. However, you are free to hypothesize;
meaning to infer, propose, or guess about factual
things related to the research. It is an inferential
thinking that makes you guess something based not
only on whatever experience or factual knowledge
you have about such a thing but also on conclusions
that were logically drawn by other research studies. A
hypothesis has to be tested through analytical
investigation to prove how true or false it is
.(Creswell 2014; Russel 2013)
 1. They guide on Purposes of
of you on which
aspects of the
researcher to
focus on.
2. They
provide
opportunities
Hypothesis to prove the
relationship
between
variables.
NEXT
 Purposes of
3. They give
the right
direction of
the research. 4. They outline
your thoughts
on your

Hypothesis
manner of
summarizing
the results and
of explaining
NEXT the
conclusions.
 Purposes of

5. They push for an

empirical study to
prove the existence of
relationship of
variables and the
effects of
independent variable
on the dependent

Hypothesis
variable.
 NEXT

Hypotheses

Research
question
 In an experimental research that
takes place in a scientific method, one of
your initial acts is formulating these two:
research question and hypotheses. Both
are related to your research but they are
not exactly the same. Their difference
lies in the amount of stock knowledge
you have about the focus of your study. If
you know much about the variables or have
lots of knowledge about other factual data
involved in the research through your
review of related literature, you can
formulate hypotheses. Otherwise, from
research questions, at any rate, the
purpose of these two forms of inferential
thinking is to propose possible or probable
answer or solutions to the research or
investigation prove whether the hypotheses
are correct, incorrect or partially correct,
(Schreiber 2012)
 Click
this

Categories
Null Alternative
Hypotheses Of Hypo-
theses
Hypotheses
Click
this
 A null hypotheses
symbolized by H₀, which
states the absence of
relationship between the
independent and
dependent variables. It is
therefore a statement to
disapprove the fact that
the independent variable
(treatment, intervention,
or condition) has an effect
on the dependent variable.
NEXT
 The opposite of the
null hypotheses is an
alternative hypothesis.
Symbolized by Ha, the
alternative hypotheses
states the relationship
between the
independent and the
dependent variables and
the fact that the first
affects the second one.
(Morgan 2014; Thomas
2013)
 Types
of
Hypotheses
Choosing which type of hypotheses to use depends
solely on you, the researchers. It does not mean,
however, that choosing one of the following types of
hypotheses make you come out with the best
hypotheses because no type of hypotheses is superior
to any hypotheses. (Badke 2012; Morgan 2014)
 Click this

Theory-driven
v.s.
Data-driven
hypotheses Directional (one- Click this
tailed)
vs.
Non-directional
(two-tailed)
hypotheses

Descriptive
vs.
Causal
hypotheses
Click this
 A hypotheses that is
based on existing theory to
explain the relationship of CLICK HERE!
variables and the effects of
one variable on the other
variable on the other
variables is theory-driven.
If it is based on the
findings of previous research
studies, it is a data-driven
hypothesis.
 Directional hypotheses
state the relationship of two
variables as well as of the
relationship of these variables.
Non-directional hypotheses,
on the other hand, state the
relationship of variables but
not on the direction of the
relationship. CLICK HERE!
 A statement specifying CLICK HERE!
the relationship between
two variables due to the
influence of something is a
descriptive hypotheses; due
to cause-effect relationship,
it is a causal hypotheses.
True experimental or quasi-
experimental research such
as a correlation study uses
causal hypotheses; non-
experimental research uses
descriptive hypotheses.
Guidelines in
Formulating
Hypotheses
CLICK HERE!
 The craft in hypotheses formulation requires you
think of the following pointers (Mc Bride 2013; Lapan
2012)
 Express your hypotheses in a declarative sentence
 Support your hypotheses with ideas based on
theories, known facts, previous studies, or your own
experience and wisdom.
 Establish a logical relationship between the
hypotheses and the research problem.
 Have your hypotheses predict the nature of
relationship between or among variables.
 Ascertain the possibility of having some means of
testing, analyzing, and investigating your hypotheses
 Avoid wordinessby using clear, exact, or specific
language in stating the hypotheses.
 Activity 1: Class Inquiry
DIRECTIONS: WHOLE CLASS ACTIVITY.
Take turns in asking questions about
the text on Hypothesis. Questions and
answers reflecting HOTS (higher-
order thinking strategies of
interpreting, criticizing, applying and
creating) will merit higher recitation
grade.
DIRECTIONS: Answer each question
intelligently and concisely.
1. Why is a hypothesis a tentative
explanation of something?
2. Is hypothesizing an example of
HOTS? Why? Why not?
3. How do you formulate hypothesis?
4. Describe the relationship between
hypothesis and research questions.
 5. In research, what is the appropriate
research time for hypothesis formulation?
Explain your answer.
6. Should every research be provided with
hypothesis? Give reasons for your answer.
7. Can any researcher formulate
hypothesis? Why? Why not?
8. How do you determine the quality of
hypothesis?
9. If you were to advise your friend on
hypothesis formulation, what would you tell
him/her?
10. Formulate hypothesis about the hottest
issue in town.
Directions: INDIVIDUAL
WORK. Complete this
bubble graph with the
right words to indicate
hypothesis
classification.
 Categories
of
Nature of Hypothesis
Relatonship

Varieties of
Source of
Hypothesis
Hypothesis

Course of
Hypothesis
 Directions: Check the
right column to indicate
your judgment of the
quality of the given
hypothesis.
 Reasons/
Hypothesis Good Bad
Comments

1. Can the results of the survey

discourage candidate Garcia’s
Supporter?
2. A survey to get the voters’
election preferences could
indicate candidate Garcia’s
winnable stand
3. The survey results do not
indicate a candidate’s chances
to win.
4. Definitely, God will make
candidate Garcia win in the
election.
5. Lots of vote buying in Sta. Fe
made Garcia lose hid candidacy.
 Directions: Write H₀ on the
line if the statement is a null
hypothesis for the given
research problem. Hi, if it is an
alternative hypothesis; and X
if it is not a hypothesis.
Quantitative Research Problem:
In what order should the 18 senatorial
candidates be ranked on the basis of their
experience on legal management?
_______1. One-half of the senatorial candidates
are knowledgeable about law.
_______2. Two-thirds of the senatorial
candidates have no knowledge on law.
_______3. Being lawyers means having rich
background knowledge on law.
_______4. The lone lawyer among the
candidates will be in rank one.
_______5. The only lawyer in the group will not
be number one in the rank.
 Concept Learning
Assessment
Check the column that
speaks of the extent of
learning you have had
about hypothesis.
 Strongly Strongly
Concepts Agree Undecided Disagree
Agree Disagree

1. You can very well

compare and contrast
the types of hypothesis.

2. You know very well

how to formulate
excellent hypothesis.

3. You have learned very

well why you have to
formulate hypothesis.

4. You have learned very

well the difference
between hypothesis and
research questions.
5. You have learned very
well the difference
between null and
alternative hypothesis.
 Refresh your mind about the quantitative
research problem and research questions
you formulated in the last part of lesson 6
(Concept Transformation). Unless you want
to form another quantitative research
problem and research questions, formulate
hypothesis (3 alternative and 2 null
hypothesis) about your Lesson 6
quantitative research problem.
THANK YOU ! 
By: Group 5
Ablo, JB Lyn M.
Manrique, Joshua DC.
Fajardo, Charlotte Dianne F.
Nicolas, Jon Carlo D.