Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    Int - Sys Com

    Uploaded by

    Bernard Fernandez
    The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. The skin is composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis provides protection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. It contains keratinocytes that form different layers as they migrate upwards. The dermis lies underneath and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and glands. Accessory structures include hair, nails, and exocrine glands that have roles in protection, thermoregulation, and secretion. The skin also acts as a sensory organ and plays a role in vitamin D synthesis, temperature regulation, and protection from pathogens.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Int - Sys Com

    Uploaded by

    Bernard Fernandez
    13 views19 pages
    The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. The skin is composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis provides protection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. It contains keratinocytes that form different layers as they migrate upwards. The dermis lies underneath and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and glands. Accessory structures include hair, nails, and exocrine glands that have roles in protection, thermoregulation, and secretion. The skin also acts as a sensory organ and plays a role in vitamin D synthesis, temperature regulation, and protection from pathogens.

    Original Title

    Int.sys com

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. The skin is composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis provides protection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. It contains keratinocytes that form different layers as they migrate upwards. The dermis lies underneath and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and glands. Accessory structures include hair, nails, and exocrine glands that have roles in protection, thermoregulation, and secretion. The skin also acts as a sensory organ and plays a role in vitamin D synthesis, temperature regulation, and protection from pathogens.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    13 views19 pages

    Int - Sys Com

    Uploaded by

    Bernard Fernandez
    The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. The skin is composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis provides protection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. It contains keratinocytes that form different layers as they migrate upwards. The dermis lies underneath and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and glands. Accessory structures include hair, nails, and exocrine glands that have roles in protection, thermoregulation, and secretion. The skin also acts as a sensory organ and plays a role in vitamin D synthesis, temperature regulation, and protection from pathogens.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

    Chapter 5
    Components of Integumentary
    System
    • Cutaneous Membrane • Accessory structures
    superficial located in the dermis
    epithelium-epidermis -hair
    underlying – nails
    connective tissue- – exocrine glands
    dermis (sebaceous and sweat
    • underneath the dermis- glands)
    subcutaneous layer
    Functions of the Skin
    • Protection-of underlying tissues and organs
    • Excretion-of salts, water and organic wastes
    • Maintenance of normal body temperature
    • Synthesis of Vitamin D3
    • Storage of nutrients
    • Sensory function-detection of touch,
    pressure, pain and temperature.
    EPIDERMIS
    • Provides mechanical protection.
    • Helps keep microorganisms outside the body.
    • Layer consists of stratified squamous
    epithelium.
    • The most abundant epithelial cells, the
    keratinocytes form different layers.
    • Thick skin (5) and thin skin (4)-refer only to
    the epidermis.
    EPIDERMAL LAYERS
    • Stratum Germinativum (basale)
    • Stratum Spinosum
    • Stratum Granulosum
    • Stratum Lucidum
    • Stratum Corneum
    Stratum Germinativum
    • This layer is firmly attached to the basement
    membrane.
    • Epidermal Ridges
    • Most of the cells are keratinocytes.
    • Stem cells divide and replace with the cells on top
    (keratinocytes)
    • these cells are also nourished by the adjoining tissues
    in the dermal layer.
    • The accessories arise from this layer.
    Stratum Spinosum
    • This consists of 8-10 layers of cells
    • Also contain Langerhans cells, part of the
    immune system (defense against
    microorganisms and cancers).
    • Cannot be distinguished in standard
    histological procedures.
    Stratum Granulosum
    • This is also called the grainy layer.
    • Contains 3-5 layers of keratinocytes.
    • Manufacture keratohyalin and keratin.
    • Keratin is the basic component of hair and
    nails.
    Stratum Lucidum
    • In the thick skin of the palms and soles.
    • Cells in this layer are flattened, densely
    packed and filled with keratin.
    Stratum Corneum
    • These contain 15-30 layers of keratinized cells.
    • This layer is water-resistans but not waterproof.
    • Takes 15-30 days to move from base to top.
    • Coated with lipid secretions from sebaceous and
    sweat glands.
    • Insensible vs.sensible persipiration.
    • Xerosis
    Skin Pigmentation
    • Interaction between pigment composition and
    concentration and the dermal blood supply.
    • Pigments are melanin and carotene.
    • Melanocytes secrete melanin. Amount of
    pigment varies.
    • Melanin is produced from the amino acid
    tyrosine.
    Skin Pigmentation
    • Carotene, a yellow orange pigment is a
    precursor of vitamin A. This is found in the
    stratum corneum and fatty areas of the dermis
    and subcutaneous layer.
    • Melanin protects against UV damage.
    • Albinism is an inherited disorder, where the
    individual is unable to produce melanin.
    • Vitiligo, irregular white spots.
    Dermal Circulation
    • Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.
    • When bound to oxygen-bright red color
    • when oxygen is removed-darker red tone.
    Seen from surface a bluish coloration called
    cyanosis.
    • Also response to respiratory or circulatory
    disorders.
    DERMIS
    • Pappilary layer -consists of loose connective
    tissue, capillaries and neurons.
    • reticular layer - dense irregular connective
    tissue.
    • Accessory organs of epidermal origin, such as
    hair follicles and sweat glands extend into the
    dermis.
    • Sensory receptors_ Meissner’s and Pacinian
    Accessory Structures
    Hair
    • Anatomy of hair
    • Hair Growth
    • Hair color
    • Hair functions-protection from UV light,
    cushion a blow and insulate the head, prevent
    entry of foreign materilas.
    • Arrector pilli muscle.
    • Types of hair-velllus and terminal
    Accessory Structures
    Glands
    • Sebaceous Glands- holocrine, secrete sebum.
    Provides lubrication and inhibits growth of
    bacteria.
    • Sudoriferous Glands (sweat glands)-apocrine
    or merocrine. Coolong the surface of skin,
    excretion and protection.
    • Mammary Glands-
    • Ceruminous Glands
    Accessory Structures
    Nails
    • Anatomy of the nail-consists of dead,
    tightly compressed cells packed with
    keratin.
    • Function of the nail
    Injury and Repair
    • Scab
    • Granulation Tissue
    • Scar Tissue
    • Keloid
    Aging and the Integumentary
    System
    • Epidermis thins
    • Langerhans cells decrease
    • Vitamin D production decreases
    • Melanocyte activity declines
    • Glandular activity declines
    • Blood supply to dermis is reduced
    • Dermis thins

    You might also like