Introduction Data Science

The document is a lecture on data science that discusses what data science is, why it is important, the data science process, tools used, applications, and responsibilities of data scientists. Specifically, it defines data science as extracting insights from vast amounts of data using scientific methods and algorithms. It also outlines the typical data science process as involving discovery, data preparation, model planning, model building, and communicating results.

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Introduction Data Science

Uploaded by

Saad Awan

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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 Lecture # 3:

Advanced Introduction to Data

Programming Science

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Oh Really! Is this a Data Scientist?

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What is Data Science

Data Science is the area of study which involves

extracting insights from vast amounts of data by the use
of various scientific methods, algorithms, and processes.
It helps you to discover hidden patterns from the raw
data.

Data Science is an interdisciplinary field that allows you

to extract knowledge from structured or unstructured
data.

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Why Data Science?

 Data is the oil for today's world. With the right tools,
technologies, algorithms, we can use data and convert
it into a distinctive business advantage
 Data Science can help you to detect fraud using
advanced machine learning algorithms
 It helps you to prevent any significant monetary losses
 Allows to build intelligence ability in machines
 You can perform sentiment analysis to gauge customer
brand loyalty

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 It enables you to take better and faster decisions
 Helps you to recommend the right product to the right
customer to enhance your business

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Statistics:
 Statistics is the most critical unit in Data science. It is the method or science of
collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities to get useful insights.
Visualization:
 Visualization technique helps you to access huge amounts of data in easy to
understand and digestible visuals.
Machine Learning:
 Machine Learning explores the building and study of algorithms which learn to
make predictions about unforeseen/future data.
Deep Learning:
 Deep Learning method is new machine learning research where the algorithm
selects the analysis model to follow.

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What includes in Data Science

 Basic statistical and mathematical foundations for data

science
 Data acquisition and cleaning.
 Exploratory data analysis and visualization
 Feature engineering
 Model creation and validation

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Data Science
Process

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Discovery

 Discovery step involves acquiring data from all the

identified internal & external sources which helps you
to answer the business question.
The data can be:
 Logs from webservers
 Data gathered from social media
 Census datasets
 Data streamed from online sources using APIs

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Data Preparation

 Data can have lots of inconsistencies like missing value,

blank columns, incorrect data format which needs to be
cleaned. You need to process, explore, and condition
data before modeling. The cleaner your data, the
better are your predictions.

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Model Planning

 In this stage, you need to determine the method and

technique to draw the relation between input variables.
Planning for a model is performed by using different
statistical formulas and visualization tools. SQL analysis
services, R, and SAS/access are some of the tools used
for this purpose.

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Model Building

 In this step, the actual model building process starts.

Here, Data scientist distributes datasets for training and
testing. Techniques like association, classification, and
clustering are applied to the training data set. The
model once prepared is tested against the "testing"
dataset.