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    ADC

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    saddam Muhammad Fadila
    The document discusses analog to digital conversion (ADC). It explains that analog signals from sensors need to be converted to digital for processing by microcontrollers. It describes different types of ADCs, including ramp ADCs, successive approximation ADCs, and flash ADCs. Flash ADCs are the fastest but require the most comparators. All ADCs use a comparator to compare the analog input to reference levels and output a digital code.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ADC

    Uploaded by

    saddam Muhammad Fadila
    120 views25 pages
    The document discusses analog to digital conversion (ADC). It explains that analog signals from sensors need to be converted to digital for processing by microcontrollers. It describes different types of ADCs, including ramp ADCs, successive approximation ADCs, and flash ADCs. Flash ADCs are the fastest but require the most comparators. All ADCs use a comparator to compare the analog input to reference levels and output a digital code.

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    ADC.ppt

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    The document discusses analog to digital conversion (ADC). It explains that analog signals from sensors need to be converted to digital for processing by microcontrollers. It describes different types of ADCs, including ramp ADCs, successive approximation ADCs, and flash ADCs. Flash ADCs are the fastest but require the most comparators. All ADCs use a comparator to compare the analog input to reference levels and output a digital code.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    120 views25 pages

    ADC

    Uploaded by

    saddam Muhammad Fadila
    The document discusses analog to digital conversion (ADC). It explains that analog signals from sensors need to be converted to digital for processing by microcontrollers. It describes different types of ADCs, including ramp ADCs, successive approximation ADCs, and flash ADCs. Flash ADCs are the fastest but require the most comparators. All ADCs use a comparator to compare the analog input to reference levels and output a digital code.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 25

     Both data about the physical world and control

    signals sent to interact with the physical world are


    typically "analog" or continuously varying
    quantities.
     Analog output is typical of most transducers
    and sensors.
     Need to convert these analog signals into a
    digital representation so the microcontroller can
    use it.
     Some characteristics of analog signals.
     Maximum and minimum voltages
     Precise continuous signals
     Rate of voltage change
     Frequency if not a steady state signal

    12/9/2019 ECE265 5
     Representing a continuously varying
    physical quantity by a sequence of discrete
    numerical values.

    03 07 10 14 09 02 00 04

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 6


     Ramp ADC
     Successive Approximation
     Flash Comparison

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 7


     The basic principle of operation is to use the
    comparator principle to determine whether
    or not to turn on a particular bit of the binary
    number output.
     It is typical for an ADC to use a digital-to-
    analog converter (DAC) to determine one of
    the inputs to the comparator.
     Most A-D converters use a comparator as part of
    the conversion process
     A comparator compares 2 signals A and B
    ▪ if A > B the comparator output is in one logic state (1,
    say)
    ▪ if B > A then it is in the opposite state (0, say)
     A comparator can be built using an op amp with
    no feedback
    analogue +
    input

    reference -
    voltage
     3 Basic Types
     Digital-Ramp ADC
     Successive Approximation ADC
     Flash ADC
     Conversion from analog to digital form
    inherently involves comparator action
    where the value of the analog voltage at
    some point in time is compared with some
    standard.
     A common way to do that is to apply the
    analog voltage to one terminal of a
    comparator and trigger a binary counter
    which drives a DAC.
    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 12
     The output of the DAC is applied to the
    other terminal of the comparator.
     Since the output of the DAC is increasing
    with the counter, it will trigger the
    comparator at some point when its voltage
    exceeds the analog input.
     The transition of the comparator stops the
    binary counter, which at that point holds the
    digital value corresponding to the analog
    voltage.
     Conversion from analog to digital form
    inherently involves comparator action
    where the value of the analog voltage at
    some point in time is compared with some
    standard.
     A common way to do that is to apply the
    analog voltage to one terminal of a
    comparator and trigger a binary counter
    which drives a DAC.
    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 15
     Much faster than the
    digital ramp ADC
    because it uses digital
    logic to converge on
    the value closest to
    the input voltage.
     A comparator and a
    DAC are used in the
    process.
    If N is the number of bits in the
    output word….
    Then 2N comparators will be
    required.

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 17


     It is the fastest type of ADC available,
    but requires a comparator for each
    value of output.
    (63 for 6-bit, 255 for 8-bit, etc.)
     Such ADCs are available in IC form up
    to 8-bit and 10-bit flash ADCs (1023
    comparators) are planned.
     The encoder logic executes a truth
    table to convert the ladder of inputs to
    the binary number output.

    Illustrated is a 3-bit flash ADC with resolution 1 volt


     The resistor net and comparators provide an
    input to the combinational logic circuit, so
    the conversion time is just the propagation
    delay through the network - it is not limited
    by the clock rate or some convergence
    sequence.
     Misalkan bilangan biner dengan n bit
    digunakan untuk mewakili nilai analog mulai
    dari 0 ke A
     There are 2n possible numbers
     Resolution = A / 2n
     FS = (2n-1) step size

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 20


     Temperature range of 0 K to 300 K to be
    linearly converted to a voltage signal of 0 to
    2.5 V, then digitized with an 8-bit A/D
    converter

     2.5 / 28 = 0.0098 V, or about 10 mV per step


     300 K / 28 = 1.2 K per step

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 21


     Temperature range of 0 K to 300 K to be
    linearly converted to a voltage signal of 0 to
    2.5 V, then digitized with a 10-bit A/D
    converter
     2.5 / 210 = 0.00244V, or about 2.4 mV per step
     300 K / 210 = 0.29 K per step

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 22


     Setiap konversi memiliki ketidakpastian rata-rata
    setengah ukuran langkah ½ (A / 2N)

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 23


     Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memperoleh sampel
    dari sinyal analog dan menentukan representasi
    numerik.

    PNJ 10/28/2004 Telekomunikasi 2 24

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