DE ZG631 Lecture1 & 2 1578717151764

Material Technology &
Testing (DE ZG631)

BITS Pilani VIKAS CHAUDHARI
K K Birla Goa Campus
Material Technology & Testing
Course Objectives
 The Course is for higher degree students, and intended to focus
their attention to the nature of different classes of the
engineering materials.
 Study includes characteristics of metals, polymers, composites,
ceramics and other modern Engineering materials, and their
applications.
 To study the methods of testing the materials (destructive and
NDT), and selection of the material, for a given application.
11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

Text Book(s)
 William F. Smith, Javad Hashemi, ‘Material Science &
Engineering”, In SI units Fourth edition, McGrawHill.
Reference Book(s)
 William D CalisterJr,”Material Science & Engineering, an
Introduction”, John Wiley & Sons, NewYork.
 Marc Andre Meyers, Krishan Kumar Chawla Mechanical Behavior
of Engineering Materials Cambridge University Press (2009).
 George E. Dieter, ‘Mechanical Metallurgy’, Mc GrawHill

Content Structure
 Material Structure
 Material Processing
 Material Properties

Learning Outcomes
 Acquire knowledge of different materials that are useful in
Engineering application
 Apply various destructive and non-destructive techniques in
evaluating various materials
 Select the optimum material for a given application

Evaluation Scheme
Evaluation Name Type Weight Duration Schedule
Component
EC - 1 Assignments Individual and 10% 2 Weeks February 1 to 15,

Take-home 2020
Lab Online 20% - Refer lab calendar
EC - 2 Mid-Semester Closed Book 30% 2 Hrs Saturday, 07/03/2020

Examination (FN)
10 AM – 12 Noon
EC - 3 End-Semester Open Book 40% 3 Hrs Saturday, 02/05/2020

Examination (FN)
9 AM – 12 Noon

Chapter-1
Introduction to Materials Science
and
Engineering

The Mars Rovers - Spirit and Opportunity
www.nasa.gov
Spirit and Opportunity are made up of materials such as

* Metals * Ceramics * Composites * Polymers * Semiconductors

What are Materials?

• Materials may be defined as substance of which something
is composed or made.
• We obtain materials from earth crust and atmosphere.
• Examples :-
 Silicon and Iron constitute 27.72 and 5.00 percentage of
weight of earths crust respectively.
 Nitrogen and Oxygen constitute 78.08 and 20.95
percentage of dry air by volume respectively.

• Materials science deals with basic knowledge about the

internal structure, properties and processing of
materials.
• Materials engineering deals with the application of
knowledge gained by materials science to convert
materials to products.

• Metallic Materials
 Composed of one or more metallic elements.
 Example:- Iron, Copper, Aluminum.
 Metallic element may combine with nonmetallic
elements.
 Example:- Silicon Carbide, Iron Oxide.
 Inorganic and have crystalline structure.
 Good thermal and electric conductors.

• Polymeric (Plastic) Materials

 Organic giant molecules and mostly noncrystalline.
 Some are mixtures of crystalline and noncrystalline
regions.
 Poor conductors of electricity and hence used as
insulators.
 Strength and ductility vary greatly.
 Low densities and decomposition temperatures.
 Examples :- Poly vinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyester.
 Applications :- Appliances, DVDs, Fabrics etc.

• Ceramic Materials
 Metallic and nonmetallic elements are chemically bonded
together.
 Inorganic but can be either crystalline, noncrystalline or mixture
of both.
 High hardness, strength and wear resistance.
 Very good insulator. Hence used for furnace lining for heat
treating and melting metals.
 Also used in space shuttle to insulate it during exit and re-entry
into atmosphere.
 Other applications : Abrasives, construction materials, utensils
etc.
 Example:- Porcelain, Glass, Silicon nitride.

• Composite Materials
 Mixture of two or more materials.
 Consists of a filler material and a binding material.
 Materials only bond, will not dissolve in each other.
 Mainly two types :-
o Fibrous: Fibers in a matrix
o Particulate: Particles in a matrix
o Matrix can be metals, ceramic or polymer
 Examples :-
 Fiber Glass ( Reinforcing material in a polyester or epoxy matrix)
 Concrete ( Gravels or steel rods reinforced in cement and sand)
 Applications:- Aircraft wings and engine, construction.

• Electronic Materials
 Not Major by volume but very important.

 Silicon is a common electronic material.
 Its electrical characteristics are changed by adding
impurities.
 Examples:- Silicon chips, transistors

 Applications :- Computers, Integrated Circuits, Satellites
etc.

Mechanical
Properties

Thermal Properties

Electrical, Magnetic
and Optical
Properties

Chemical Properties

Properties
• Mechanical
• Electrical
• Thermal
• Magnetic
• Optical
• Deteriorative

Material Science & Engineering

Processing Structure Properties Performance






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Material Technology &

Testing (DE ZG631)

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

EC - 1 Assignments Individual and 10% 2 Weeks February 1 to 15,

Lab Online 20% - Refer lab calendar

EC - 2 Mid-Semester Closed Book 30% 2 Hrs Saturday, 07/03/2020

EC - 3 End-Semester Open Book 40% 3 Hrs Saturday, 02/05/2020

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

The Mars Rovers - Spirit and Opportunity

Spirit and Opportunity are made up of materials such as

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

What are Materials?

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

• Materials science deals with basic knowledge about the

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

• Polymeric (Plastic) Materials

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

 Not Major by volume but very important.

 Examples:- Silicon chips, transistors

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

Material Science & Engineering

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

11.01.2020 Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

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