It’s Review Time!

In EAPP

Getting Started?
 
Evaluating Sources 
1. What is the difference between a scholarly article
& a popular article?
a. A scholarly article is one assigned by a course

instructor, while a popular article is one
recommended by your peers.
b. A scholarly article is written for a scholarly
audience, while a popular article is typically written
for the general public or a non-specialist audience.
c. A scholarly article is at least 5000 words long,
while a popular article is typically 140 characters or
less.
d. No difference. They're the same thing.
2. Which of the following is NOT a
common criteria for evaluating a source

for inclusion in course paper or
bibliography?

a. Fun
b. Currency
c. Perspective or bias
d. Authority
 
Correct! This isn't to say that a fun
article isn't a good article, but not
every fun article is a high quality
article, and visa versa.
3. Based solely on domain name, which of
the following websites is most likely to

contain authoritative government
information?

a. http://reputableinformation.org
b. http://reputableinformation.com
c. http://reputableinformation.edu
d. http://reputableinformation.gov
Correct! While we'd still have
to visit the site to tell for sure,

the ".GOV" top-level domain
indicates that this is a
government website. However,
as with all Internet sources,
we'd have to go further before
making a final evaluative call.
Summarizing…

Can you still remember?
1. Which of the following statements about
SUMMARIZING is false?

A. The Summary is what the passage is
mostly about.
B. The Summary is what all or most of the
sentences or paragraphs are about.
C. The Summary is usually found in more
than just one sentence of the passage.
D. The Summary is one isolated thought in a
passage.
2. Which of the following statements about
SUMMARIZING is true?

A. The Summary is a thought that is true but
is not in the passage.
B. The Summary is what the passage is
mostly about.
C. The Summary is specific, detailed
information contained in the passage.
D. The Summary is always found in the first
sentence of the passage.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


When some people think about Texas, they think
of cowboys on the open range-herding cattle up
a dusty trail. However, Texas has much more
than open prairie with large herds of cows. There
are the mountains of West Texas, the piney hills
of East Texas, and the emerald waters off the
coast of Padre Island. Texas also has large coastal
harbors with numerous sailboats, powerboats,
inland lakes, rivers, swamps of Southeast Texas
with alligators and other exotic wildlife.
3. The Summary of this passage is:


A. There are a lot of cows in Texas.
B. There are many different, varied parts of
Texas.
C. Texas is one of the biggest states in the
United States.
D. There are alligators in the swampland of
Southeast Texas.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


Tomorrow is Jill's birthday. She is excited
because she gets to pick where she will eat
dinner. Will it be Mexican food at the Big
Enchilada House? Or will it be fried chicken
at the Chicken Shack, or a big cheeseburger
at Al's Hamburger Palace. She just couldn't
decide. Then, there was always the Pizza
Shop with that great pepperoni pizza. How
would she ever decide? Maybe she would
just flip a coin.
4. The Summary of this passage is:


A. Jill has many restaurants to choose from
for her birthday.
B. Jill loves Mexican food.
C. The Pizza Shop has the best pizza in
town.
D. Jill will choose a place by flipping a coin.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


It started when they got to the bears. Peter felt
tired and his stomach hurt. He dragged himself
over to see the elephants, which were eating from
a stack of hay. Normally, the elephants were his
favorite. Without much interest, Peter followed his
classmates to the camels, which were busy
swatting flies with their tails. Peter knew he
should be having fun at the zoo, but he just felt
terrible and all he wanted to do was lie down and
rest. Even the lions and tigers did not interest him
now.
5. Summarize this passage:


A. Peter's favorite animals were the
elephants.
B. The camels were swatting flies with their
tails.
C. It was really hot at the zoo.
D. Peter didn't enjoy the zoo because he felt
really bad.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


For the walls, Jenny thought she would use a
bright yellow paint. She would pick a border that
had mostly bright red and green colors, and
maybe a little bit of blue. She already had found
some curtains that were sky blue with streaks of
red, blue and yellow that she thought would go
great with the walls. And finally, she had picked a
carpet that was mostly blue with specks of red and
yellow. Jenny couldn't wait till she was done
decorating her room. It was really going to look
awesome.
6. The Summary of this passage is:


A. Jenny likes bright colors.
B. Jenny was going to paint her room.
C. Jenny was picking out colors and
materials to decorate her room.
D. Yellow is a good color to paint your
walls.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


Right now Jason was playing right field. He
really wanted to play third base. Earlier this
year, coach had put him in left field and
second base in a game, but never at third base.
Once in practice, coach let him play third base,
but he kept missing ground balls. When he
did stop one, he made a bad throw to first
base. Maybe if he kept practicing, Jason would
be good enough to play third base. That was
his dream.
7. The Summary of this passage is:


A. Jason really wanted to play third base.
B. Jason was the best player on his team.
C. Jason had trouble catching ground balls.
D. Jason was too lazy to practice.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.


San Francisco is located on the coast of
California in an area often called the Bay Area.
The weather is generally very mild, seldom
getting really cold or really hot. Its mild climate
is one reason many people live there. It seldom
snows in San Francisco and generally does not
get below freezing during the winter. Even in
the middle of summer, temperatures may be in
the mid 80s with a cool breeze from the bay
keeping the weather very comfortable.
8. The Summary of this passage is:


A. San Francisco has many neat things to do.
B. It seldom snows in California.
C. Many people choose to live in California.
D. The weather in San Francisco is generally
very mild.
Read the following passage and then
answer the question.

Julie watched the ants as they carried small
crumbs down the trail to the anthill. She
thinks ants are very hard working and
industrious little creatures. They always
seemed busy, and you never saw an ant
just laying around doing nothing. They
were carrying food, building tunnels, or
defending the anthill. One thing you could
say about ants is that they sure aren't lazy.
9. The Summary of this passage is:


A. Ants carry many things.
B. Some ants may bite you.
C. Ants are hard workers.
D. Some ants help take care of the queen.
 Read the following passage and then answer the question.
The first book Chris read in fifth grade was
about a lost kitten. Then he read a book

about a family of bears, and then he read
about a wild kangaroo in Australia. It
seems every book Chris reads is about
animals. Last week he found a good book
about snakes and reptiles, and another
book about elephants. Today Chris went to
the library, and he checked out a book
about dolphins, whales and other animals
that live in the sea.
10. The Summary of this passage is:


A. Chris likes kangaroos.
B. Chris is in the fifth grade.
C. Chris reads a lot of books about animals.
D. Dolphins and whales live in the sea.
 
Paraphrasing
 Original Source:
In fact, between 1980 and 2000 the U.S. government
has devoted some $19 billion in tax breaks alone to

the ethanol-from-corn effort, according to the U.S.
Government Accountability Office, and ethanol
subsidies per liter of the biofuel have often been
larger than the total cost of a liter of gas the biofuel
replaced. A significant portion of the profits made
by agribusiness giants like Poet or Archer Daniels
Midland—which, along with oil company Valero,
are responsible for the bulk of ethanol produced in
the U.S.—can be attributed to this government
largesse with taxpayer dollars.
Text in student’s paper:


The federal government has
spent billions of dollars in
subsidies to corn-ethanol, of
which a substantial portion has
profited a handful of
agribusiness companies (Biello
2011).
 
a. Correct paraphrase or summary
b. This is an example of plagiarism
 
YES! This is a paraphrase of
the text of the original source.
The student has written the
main ideas from the text into
her own words.
 Original source:


NASQAN is a network of 39 stations
located along the main stems and on
the major tributaries of four large
rivers. The locations for these stations
were generally selected where large
differences in mass flux were expected
or where inputs and outputs of major
reservoirs could be measured.
 Text in student’s paper:


The National Stream Quality Accounting
Network consists of a network of 39
stations along the main stems and on the
major tributaries of four large rivers. The
locations were generally selected where
large differences in mass flux were
expected or where inputs and outputs of
major reservoirs could be measured
(Hooper et al. 2001).
 
This is a correct paraphrase or
summary
 This is an example of plagiarism
This is more an example of a plagiarized

passage than a proper paraphrase. The
student did not re-write the main ideas in
her own words, but rather changed just a
few words and kept much of the original
text the same. If you want to use another
author's words, you need to include the
passage in quotation marks and use the
exact wording of the original passage.
 Original Source:
“The amount of time females allocated to

maintenance behaviors, including self-preening,
preening nestlings, allopreening, and maintaining
their nest, decreased by 30% in response to hikers”
(Swarthout and Steidl 2003, p.312).

Student's Entry:
The presence of hikers reduced female owls’
preening, of themselves, their young and their
mates, and nest maintenance behaviors by over 25%
(Swarthout and Steidl 2003).
 
Yes, this is an example of
plagiarism
No, this is not an example of
plagiarism
 
No, this is not an example of
plagiarism, but rather an effective use
of paraphrasing. The student put the
original passage into his/her own
words, choosing the information that
was most relevant to the ideas and
arguments in their own paper.
 Original Source:
“The amount of time females allocated to
maintenance behaviors, including self-preening,

preening nestlings, allopreening, and maintaining
their nest, decreased by 30% in response to hikers”
(Swarthout and Steidl 2003, p.312).

Student's Entry:
The amount of time female owls dedicated to
maintaining their nest, self-preening, allopreening
and preening nestlings decreased 30% in response
to hikers (Swarthout and Steidl 2003).
 
Yes, this is an example of plagiarism
No, this is not an example of
plagiarism
Yes, this is an example of plagiarism. Aside from
an opening sentence loosely adapted from the

original and slightly reworded, this rest of the
passage is taken almost word-for-word from the
source. The few small alterations of the source do
not relieve the writer of the responsibility to
attribute these words to their original authors
through quotation marks. A passage from a
source may be worth quoting at length if it
makes a point precisely or elegantly. In such
cases, copy the passage exactly, place it in
quotation marks, and cite the author.
Choose the answer which best paraphrases the
following.


“Before making their permanent move to France, the
couple spent three years learning the language.”
a. Before making a permanent move to France, the
couple spent three years learning French
b. The couple studied French before relocating to
France
c. Before moving permanently to France, the couple
learned the language
d. The couple spent three years learning the language
before their permanent move to France
 Choose the answer which best paraphrases the following.


'"I think you are tongue-tied," said Scully finally to his son,
the cowboy, and the Easterner; and at the end of this
scornful sentence he left the room.' - From Stephen Crane's
short story, The Blue Hotel.
a. Scully tells his son, the cowboy and the Easterner that
they are tongue-tied, then he leaves the room
b. Scully says I think you are tongue-tied to his son, the
cowboy and the Easterner, then leaves the room
c. Scully is angry with everyone
d. Scully insults the three men, making an accusation of
their silence, before storming out of the room
Reading Academic
Text

1. If you are reading this article entitled “
Marketing New's Writers Rules, what do
you think is it?

a. Academic text because it is discussed
clearly.
b. Non-academic text because the topic is for
mass public
c. Academic text because it gives rules to the
readers
d. Non-academic text because of the formal
and specific genre
2. What is true on academic and scholarly
articles?

a. The majority of the research will require
academic and scholarly articles.
b. It can be found in periodicals similar to
Time, Newsweek or Rolling Stone.
c. The language is very casual and includes
slang words
d. There is no need to cite the reference as
long as it is written in a scholarly paper.
3. What is true about Wikipedia for an
academic source?


a. It is still considered as reliable source as
long as they cited the date of publication.
b. Wikipedia is one of the reliable sources for
research paper
c. This website can be altered by anyone and
so cannot considered as reliable source.
d. It is a good website for getting information
on writing non- academic texts
Citing Sources

Read the following:
However, green capitalists say that this sort of

thing can be compatible with solving
environmental problems if consumers use the
power they have over producers -'consumer
sovereignty' - by refusing to buy products which
are not environmentally friendly. This gives
capitalists an incentive to concentrate on the
production of environmentally friendly products
in order to make a profit. (Martell p. 64)
Martell, L (1994), Ecology and Society: An
introduction, Ch. 2, pp.64, Cambridge, Polity Press
However, green capitalists say that this sort
of thing can be compatible with solving

environmental problems if consumers use the
power they have over producers - 'consumer
sovereignty' - by refusing to buy products
which are not environmentally friendly. This
gives capitalists an incentive to concentrate
on the production of environmentally
friendly products in order to make a profit.

It is Plagiarism?
Yes No
 
That's right! - This is plagiarism. The
text has been directly copied from the
original. There are no quotation marks,
and no reference.
Student’s paper:


However green capitalists claim capitalism can be
compatible with solving environmental problems if
consumers utilise their influence over producers -
'consumer power' - by only buying products which are
environmentally friendly. This gives capitalists a reason
to concentrate on the production of environmentally
friendly products so that they will make a profit. (Martell
1994, p. 64)

Is this plagiarism?

Yes No
 
Yes! - This is plagiarism. Although a few
words have been changed (e.g. 'consumer
sovereignty' has been replaced with
'consumer power') the text is still largely the
same as the original. There is a reference at
the end of the paragraph which shows that
the ideas have come from Martell. However,
many of the same words have been copied
and this needs to be acknowledged with
quotation marks.
 Original Text:


However, green capitalists say that this sort of thing can
be compatible with solving environmental problems if
consumers use the power they have over producers
-'consumer sovereignty' - by refusing to buy products
which are not environmentally friendly. This gives
capitalists an incentive to concentrate on the production
of environmentally friendly products in order to make a
profit. (Martell p. 64)
Martell, L (1994), Ecology and Society: An introduction,
Ch. 2, pp.64, Cambridge, Polity Press
Student’s Paper:
Martell explores the possibility that in a

capitalist society consumers can influence
producers to make environmentally friendly
goods by using their purchasing power. If
people show that they will spend money on
environmentally friendly goods and
capitalists see that they can make a profit
then this will affect the types of goods that
are produced. (Martell 1994, p. 64)
Is it plagiarism?
Yes! No!
 
That's right! - This is NOT
PLAGIARISM. The words have been
changed, so quotation marks are not
needed. A reference has been given,
and it is made clear that these are ideas
which Martell expresses.
Direct Quoting

All are true about referencing quotes and
ideas, except:

a. If you are using the words of someone
else, the words must be indented or in
quotation marks.
b. You do not need to quote information
which is common knowledge
c. A direct quote is where you have used the
exact words from someone else's work
d. Longer quotes should not be put in a
separate paragraph, and indented.
Example of a longer quotes:


Fletcher points out that scholars have interpreted the
Rwandan genocide as being organised by the state:
The most common explanation for the Rwandan
genocide interprets the violence as a state project,
whereby elites were able to manipulate and bully the
population into carrying out their programme of
mass slaughter (Fletcher 2007, p.28).

Straus agrees with this, saying that scholars have

presented the Rwandan genocide as “a state-organised,
planned extermination campaign” (Straus 2004, p.86).
 
When you cite Internet resources, you
do not need to find:

a. date created.
b. date last updated.
c. date of access.
d. date of birth of the author.
Which is the major disadvantage of
using peer-reviewed journals in

literature reviews?

a. Information could be as old as four

years
b. Humans control the quality
c. Subscription fees are high
d. The information is too recent.
Citation means that a particular paper
has been: 
a. sold to another publisher.
b. reproduced elsewhere.
c. discussed orally by another author.
d. quoted in another paper by another
author.
Which of these will NOT help you to

decide whether a publication is
reputable?

a. Citation rate.
b. Importance to peers.
c. Audience.
d. Advertising inside.
Researchers need to be cautious of
some material, particularly material

found online. Why?

a. It is too recent.
b. The authors name often does not
appear.
c. The quality is unknown.
d. It has been used before.

 References

 https://www.shsu.edu/~
txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/summarizationprete
st2.html
 https://
usu.instructure.com/courses/152916/quizzes/13202
9
 https://
usu.instructure.com/courses/31801/quizzes/13501
 https://www.educationquizzes.com/gcse/english/
paraphrasing
/
 http://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/978
0199846412/student/chapter11/quiz
/