Substation Composite Insulator

Solutions and Application

Presenter: Shuchen ZHOU, Key Laboratory of Composite Materials
on Electrical
Insulations, National Energy Administration
SHEMAR
Contents
BACKGROUND

3 SOLUTIONS

2 CHALLENGES

4 APPLICATION
 Background——History Contribution of Substation Porcelain Insulator
Since high voltage transmission started, porcelain insulators had been adopted to outdoor
insulation, and substation porcelain insulators made a historic contribution.
 Background——Malignant Accidents of Substation Porcelain Insulator

Pollution Flashover Fracture

Hydrophilic, causing Brittle materials, causing
pollution flashover fracture when earthquake
accident disaster and equipment
Icing Explosion
movements
Covering ice, causing Brittle materials, causing
flashover accidents explosion accident
Background——High Maintenance costs Of Substation Porcelain Insulator

Huge
maintenance
costs every
year
Background——Manufacture Difficulty of High Voltage Substation Porcelain Insula
Higher voltage, higher requirements for large structure and more difficulties of
manufacture, causing China depends on import insulator.
Background——Environment Influence Of Substation Porcelain Insulator Industrie

Energy consumption
and carbon emissions
are high on
manufacturing process.

Raw materials are non-

renewable resources
bauxite, aggravating soil
erosion problems.
Background——Development process Of Substation Composite Insulator

Malignant Accidents

High Maintenance Costs

Substation
Composite
Manufacture Difficulty Insulator

Environment Influence
Background——Short Lifespan of Room Temperature Vulcanized （ RTV ）
Silicone Rubber Composite Insulator
 Low molecular weight ， only （ 1-10 ） *104g/mol

 Hydroxyl at the end, easy to be degradated

 Aging in harsh areas, hard to meet the use requirements of the whole life-cycle.

 Aging happened on SF6 CT RTV hollow composite insulator manufactured by China, as shown
below.
Background——LSR Composite Insulator Poor Erosion Property and Hi
 Low molecular weight,

（ 1-10 ） *104g/mol 。

 Less frame retardants in formula

 Poor erosion property and high cost

Aging on LSR bushing in EHV ±800kV

Fengxian and Guizhou Mawo converter
station.
Continuous discharge poor hydrophobicity
recovery property on LSR bushing in EHV
Suidong converter station.
Background—— Poor hydrophobicity and Mechanical Properties of
HTV Spiral Composite Insulator
Shed and sheath restricted by manufacturing process ， inadequately vulcanized.
Poor mechanical properties, such as elongation at break, tear strength, etc.
Loss of hydrophobicity happened on DC voltage divider composite insulator in ±500kV converter
station in Hubei, China.
Background—— low-quality formula HTV silicone rubber

Number of
composite
insulators

Used Time/(year)

In recent years, the appearance of a large number of low-quality formula high

temperature vulcanized silicone rubber produced the illusion of short life of
HTV silicone rubber.
USERS:

！
WE WANT
PERFECT INSULATORS
Contents
1 BACKGROUND

3 SOLUTIONS

CHALLENGES

4 APPLICATION
Application requirements of composite insulators for substation
——Environment
Composite insulators in substations need to face different special environments , such
as some regions with strong ultraviolet , strong sandstorm , large temperature
difference between day and night , coastal salt-fog and so on.

SOLUTIONS

strong ultraviolet coastal salt-fog APPLICATION

strong sandstorm
Application requirements of composite insulators for substation
—— Mechanical properties
Composite insulators in substations need to meet various mechanical requirements for
different equipment.

SOLUTIONS

APPLICATION
Bending requirements Internal pressure Torsion requirements Compression
： requirements ： SToL ， MDToL . requirements ：
MML , SML ( hollow ) ； (hollow):
SCoL ， MDCoL .
MDCL , SCL （ post ）； MSP , SIP .

Deflection requirement
Application requirements of composite insulators for substation
—— Electrical properties

External insulation ：
Creepage distance
Insulation level (power frequency, DC withstand ,
impulse withstand, etc.) (altitude, pollution correction)

Internal insulation ：
hollow insulator ——sealing.
APPLICATION
post insulators ——insulation level.
 Application requirements of composite insulators for substation
—— Special Properties

SOLUTIONS

APPLICATION
The inside liner is resistant to HF Resistance to various types of Eddy current and temperature
and transient high temperature. insulating oil . Such as CVT ， oil rise requirement. Such as
Such as LTB ， DTB . CT . Reactor .
 Challenge of Technology
1 、 Research of shed and sheath materials on substation composite insulator
meet the requirements of application:
Hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transform resistance performance
Erosion aging resistance performance
Ultraviolet radiation resistance performance
Sand abrasion performance
 2 、 Research of FRP materials on substation composite insulator
meet the requirements of application:
Mechanical properties
High temperature arc erosion and HF gas corrosion performance resistance
Oil resistance performance
3 、 Research of sealing structure design on substation composite insulator
4 、 Research of manufacturing process on substation composite insulator
How to make silicone rubber overall compression molding, adequately
vulcanized, reliably bonding with FRP
5 、 Technology supplemental notes
meet the requirements of application:
Salt fog aging resistance performance
Acid rain corrosion resistance performance
Low temperature and temperature difference resistance performance
Effectively prevent bird pecking and rat bite
Contents
1 BACKGROUND

3 SOLUTIONS

2 CHALLENGES

4 APPLICATION
Solutions——Housing Material
Environmental
Electrical Factors
Factor

Arc,
Acid Salt
UV rain
Sand SOLUTIONS
spray
leakage
current

Types of materials

Material formulation

Vulcanizing process
 Solutions——Housing Material
3.1.1 Hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transform performance
Requirements :
Silicone rubber should have excellent hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transform performance.
Hydrophobicity of composite insulator in service should reach HC6 under Chinese industry standard
DL/T 864.
Solutions :
We selected one kind of HTV whose molecular mass was 720 thousand g/mol, and developed a
reasonable formula.

H2O H2O H2O H2O 水 H2O

contamination layer

silicone CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
molecule hydrophobicity
Si Si Si Si Si groups

O O O O O O

HTV material
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1.1 Hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transform performance
Experiment ：

Hydrophobicity transform performance for Hydrophobicity transform performance

different contamination rate for different contamination kind
（ ESDD ： light contamination 0.06mg/cm2
， medium contamination
0.1mg/cm2 ， heavy contamination
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1.1 Hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transform performance
Corona voltage ： 10kV
Experiment

Results ：
Hydrophobicity lose under corona
and recover to initial level after 2 hours.
Conclusion ：
Hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity
transform performance meet the
requirements of application.
Hydrophobicity loss and recovery under corona
Solutions——Housing Material

3.1. 2 Electrical aging resistance

Requirements ：
Chinese industry standard DLT 376-2010: tracking and erosion test requirement of composite
insulators with outer insulation material is TMA4.5.

Solutions ：

●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●

HTV material
●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●
●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●●●●● ●●●●●●

Flame retardant （ aluminum hydroxide ） Al2O3·3H20 Al2O3 + 3H20

Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 2 Electrical aging resistance

Experiment:

HTV silicone
Item
rubber
Tracking and erosion
TMA4.5
resistance

Results:
Erosion trace is only 1mm ， much
smaller than standard of 2.5mm 。 1.00mm 0.87mm 0.80mm 0.91mm 0.84mm

test voltage 4.5kV, fouling fluid velocity 0.60ml/min

 Solutions——Housing Material

3.1. 3 Ultraviolet radiation resistance

 Requirements ：
IEC 62217: composite insulators with outer insulation material is supposed to pass 1000h
accelerated aging (ultarviolet) test.

 Solutions ：

CH3 CH3 CH=CH2 CH3

CH2=CH Si O Si O Si O Si CH=CH2
CH3 CH3 n CH3 m CH3
n=5000～10000，m=10～20

不会使硅橡胶出现结构性损伤
HTV structural formula The silicone rubber structure won't be damaged
by the ultraviolet radiation.
Solutions——Housing Material
3. 1.3 Ultraviolet radiation resistance
 Experiment ：
The amount of ultraviolet radiation of test is equivalent to the total amount of the strongest
ultraviolet region of the Northwest's radiation in 40 years through the 5000h UV aging test .

still meet DL / T376-2010 standard after a 5

000h ultraviolet aging performance parame
ters test
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 4 Sand abrasion resistance

 Requirements ：
1. The depth of silicon rubber abrasion by sand is less than 2mm.
2. Hydrophobicity of composite insulator after abrasion reaches HC4 at least .

Solutions ：

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●
●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●
●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●
●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●
●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

reinforced material :
nano-sized fumed silicon dioxide
Solutions——Housing Material
3. 1.4 Sand abrasion resistance
 Experiment ：
Sand blowing test of shed material is took according to GJB150. The sand used in the experiment is wind-blown sand
from desert, the content of silicon dioxide is more than 95%, and half of the sand’s diameter is bigger than
300μm. Parameters as shown in table
Temperature Relative Wind Sand Time
℃ humidity speeds concentration duration
% m/s g/m3 h
24℃ 30% 29m/s 2.2g/m³ 3h

M4 sand dust test chamber Silicone rubber properties change before and after test
Results ： Properties DL/T376-2010 Before After △
Thickness mm / 2.04 1.95 0.09
Hardness shA ≥50 64 65 1
Tensile strength
≥4.0 5.37 5.13 0.24
MPa
Elongation at
≥150 355 341 14
break%
Hydrophobicity after sand abrasion
Tear strength
（ left ： 0h ； right ： 48h ） ≥10.0 15.33 14.64 0.69
Conclusion ： kN/m

Substation composite insulators using HTV house with reasonable formula can meet
the requirements of sand abrasion resistance for application .
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 5 Salt fog aging
Requirement ：
Salt fog itself can`t corrode silicone rubber, but when attached to composite insulator, surface charge develop as
well as corona aging and erosion happen. So it is necessary to pay attention to salt fog aging in use, which benefit
from excellent electrical aging resistance performance
Experiment ：
1000h salt fog test is made by Xi`an High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute, which is to simulate the salt fog
condition and evaluate the corrosion resistance.

Condition ：
Standard: IEC 61462
Voltage: 19.5kV ，
Duration: 1000h 。
Results ：
No over-current and shed
breakdown, no tracking and
erosion to the core.
Conclusion ：
Able to tolerate salt fog test.
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 6 Acid rain aging
Requirement ：
Acid rain consists of SOX, NOX, and other acidic material in air which became sulfurous acid
and nitrogen acid after immersed in rain. Acidic material react with reactive pressed on the
surface and damage the stability.
The PH of normal rain is 5.6, while acid rain is less than 5.6. So acid rain resistance
performance is required.

Solutions ：
Excelent hydrophobicity

Very low water absorption

HTV surface
No active reaction group
No reaction
 Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 6 Acid rain aging
Experiment ：
Immersed in acid rain solution for 2 months, much acid corrosion than 40 years lifespan acid
rain in service.

　 Test item Before After Standard

Number 1 2 3 1 2 3
Hardness 62 62 62 62 62 62 ≥50
Tensile strength, MPa 5.02 5 4.97 4.81 4.67 4.38 ≥4
Elongation at break, % 318 310 308 326 311 288 ≥150
Volume resistance, 1012Ω.m 12.5 12.4 11.9 7.7 6.47 5.15 ≥1.0
Dielectric
21.57 21.36 21.36 23.53 23.3 21.9 ≥20
strength(AC) ， kV/mm

Results ：
No mechanical and electrical performance decline after acid rain immersion, better than
standard DL/T376-2010.
Solutions——Housing Material
3. 1.6 Acid rain aging
Experiment ：
Hydrophobicity change before and after acid rain accelerating aging test : A little decrease and
still stay at a high level.

Before test After test

Conclusion ：
Keep performance advantages after acid rain corrosion in lifespan, adapt to high acid
concentration and ensure the safety of power grid.
Solutions——Housing Material
3.1. 7 Extremely low temperature resistance

Requirement ：
Used in extremely cold area, reliable shed performance is necessary.
Solutions ：
HTV silicone rubber is macromolecular and very smooth, glass-transition temperature low to -60
℃ , and high to 250℃. Extremely high and low temperature resistance performance, and can be
used in extremely cold area.
Experiment ：
Low temperature brittleness test according to DL/T376-2010.

Results ：
Glass-transition temperature is -66~-67 ℃ 。

Conclusion ：
Substation composite insulators using HTV house with reasonable formula can
adapt to extremely low temperature and ensure the safety of power grid.
Solution——FRP Materials
3.2 Structure, Formula and Technology Design of FRP Tube
How to design a FRP tube?

Geometric Materials
Construction Formula

Fiber Orientation Moulding

Structure Technology

Higher MML, SML, MSP, SIP, Compression Strength,

and lower Deflection
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties
Requirements ：
Substation primary equipment internal structure and high voltage switchgear opening-closing
structure is different, disaster damage, such as earthquake, break strength is different,
deflection and destroy allowable stress for substation composite insulator is different.
Designable mechanical properties is required to satisfy practical application of different
equipment mechanical properties.
Solutions ：
Choose different raw material can design different FRP tube forming structure and process.

Modulus of
Kind Product specifications Tensile strength/MPa
elasticity /Gpa
Twaron
3000-5000 80-160
Aramid fiber Kevlar
TM 2500~2900 88~92
High strength HT 3100~3500 92~98
and modulus Vipro 2700~2800 88~89
fiber glass
HS 4020~4600 83~86
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties
Designable ply scheme research——elastic parameter theoretical calculation

Insulation pipe elastic parameters:

E1 , E2 , E3 —— elasticity modulus
G12 , G13 , G23 —— shear modulus ；
 12 , 13 , 23 —— Poisson’s ratio
Material parameters ：
Vf —— fibre volume fraction ；Vm —— substrate volume fraction ；
E f 1 —— fibre longitudinal modulus of elasticity ；
E f 2 —— fibre transversal modulus of elasticity ；
Em —— substrate modulus of elasticity ；  f 12 , f 23 —— fibre Poisson’s ratio ；
m —— substrate Poisson’s ratio ； Gf —— fibre shear modulus ；
Gm —— substrate shear modulus
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties
Reliable mechanical properties——insulator bending simulation calculation
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties

FRP material mechanical properties

Bending Extension Compressive Shear Elasticity of
strength strength strength strength modulus
Ply scheme (MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
60 degree ≥130 ≥50 ≥200 ≥35 14

45 degree ≥150 ≥60 ≥180 ≥25 28

30 degree ≥180 ≥75 ≥160 ≥20 40
Different ply scheme, different mechanical properties, and meet practical
application of different equipment.
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties
Experiment:
extension compressive bending shear
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.1 Designable mechanical properties
Experiment ： Insulator bending, compressive, torsion, seismic performance
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.2 High temperature arc erosion and HF acid corrosion resistance
Requirement ：
SF6 gas-insulated equipment explode little corrosion acid, such as HF, when internal insulation
breakdown;
SF6 gas-insulated Switchgear closing arc temperature is as high as thousands of degree Celsius, in
which case SF6 explode corrosion acid.
FRP inwall tolerate arc high temperature and corrosion gas.
Solutions ：
PTEF and polyester felt with HF corrosion resistance as lining to separate FRP from SF6 gas.

Flange
Silicone rubber shed

lining

FRP tube
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.2 High temperature arc erosion and HF acid corrosion resistance

HF acid resistance experiment ：

Material △W, ％ △V, ％

PTEF 0.05 0.06

Polyester
felt
0.35 0.34

High temperature arc resistance experiment ：

252kV and 550kV auxiliary switchgear developed by Shemar and Xian XD Switchgear Electric have
operated for almost 2 years, accumulation interrupt current more than 2000kA for 252kV and
4000kA for 550kV.
Insulator inwall is in good condition in service and can meet the requirement of large current
interruption.
Conclusion ：
Substation composite insulators with suitable lining are able to tolerate high
temperature arc erosion and HF acid corrosion resistance at the circuit breaker arc
chamber cut-off moment.
Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.3Oil resistance performance

Requirement ：
Hollow composite insulator used in transformer, bushing and oil-immersed CT, should
meet the requirement of oil resistance performance.
Solutions ：

Dielectric oil:
aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons
non-polar material
no active reaction group
No solvation
Insulation tube:
epoxy resin No reaction
polar FRP inwall
 Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.3Oil resistance performance
Experiment ： Gas composition content and dielectric loss angle change after contact with
insulating oil in certain circumstances, refer to IEC 60599
results ： Gas composition content far less than IEC standard after immersed.
Gas composition content of casting after immersed in insulating oil
25#transfo 45#transfor Nynas Methyl IEC
Test item PXE oil C101 oil
rmer oil mer oil Petroleum silicone oil standard
H2 38.57 28.1 88.1 7.43 41.28 50.55 ≤300

CH4 3.45 0.5 1.72 1.73 16.78 1.51 ≤30

C2H6 0 0 0 0 0 0 ≤50

C2H4 0 0 0 0.17 0.41 0.71 ≤10

C2H2 0 0 0 0 0 0 ≤2

hydrocarbon 3.45 0.5 1.72 1.89 17.19 2.22 /

CO 91.08 24.7 24.49 37.67 53.72 30.94 ≤300

CO2 12.33 53.8 30 83.81 49.96 49.77 ≤900

Solutions——FRP Materials
3. 2.3Oil resistance performance
Experiment ：

Insulator inwall FRP casting, choose 25# transformer oil and Nynas petroleum to test dielectric
loss angle refer to GB/T 5654, test conditions as above.
Results ： Dielectric loss angle change is slight when immersed, meet the standard.
Conclusion ： Hollow composite insulator inwall incompatible with transformer oil, meet the
requirement of oil resistance performance

Dielectric loss angle change of FRP casting immersed in insulating oil

Dielectric loss angle ， %

Insulation oil
Blank oil Candidate oil Change value

25# transformer oil 0.12 0.146 0.026

Nynas petroleum 0.1 0.123 0.022

Solutions——Sealing Structure design
Shed
Reliable internal sealing ：
Requirement ：
Years leakage rate confirms to IEC61462.
FRP
Tube
Solutions ：
1. Material: chosen by internal insulation and
operating temperature. Air seal for EPDM, butyl
Sealing ring rubber; oil medium for fluoride rubber.
Flange gluing 2. Structure: choose double “O” or single “O”
structure according to composite insulator size.
Flange
3. Design: related to different materials and sealing
Sealing ring
properties.
Experiment ：
Sealing property confirms to IEC61462.
 Solutions——Sealing Structure design

Reliable external sealing ：

Requirement ：
If water vapor infiltrated insulators, the insulation
mechanical and safety property would be reduced.
Solutions ：
1. Structure: secondary sealing structure in composite
and outside interface(“O” sealing&+RTV filled ） .
2. Material: same HTV with shed material.
3. design: related to different materials and sealing
properties.
Experiment ：
Sealing property confirms to IEC61462.

Conclusion ：
Substation composite insulators with suitable sealing material, reasonable sealing structures can
meet the requirements of sealing property for application.
Solutions——Manufacturing process
Requirement ：
The maximum diameter is 1 meter, and height is 10 meters. Silicone rubber shed should be one-time injected
under the condition of high temperature of 160℃ and the high pressure of 150MPa so that the shed can full
cure and adhere to the FRP tube reliably.
Solutions ：
1. Self-develop hollow composite insulator vacuum injection molding process technology
2. Cooperate with supplier and develop 16 cooling runner injection machine
3. Self-develop injection mold and winding mold fitting the machine to manufacture all kinds of hollow composite
insulators

Self-developed winding mold

Self-developed injection mold

Solution——Experiments
Experiment ：
Hollow composite insulator completed type test according to IEC61462.
Post composite insulator completed type test according to IEC62231.

Conclusion ：
HTV silicon rubber vacuum cooling runner injection molding makes the composite
insulators’ house vulcanized completely, stick reliably with FRP tube and no bubbles, and
the silicone rubber sheds are one-time injection.
Solution——Experiments
Shemar composite insulators pass rigorous and comprehensive experiments
KEMA test report （ 5000h multi-stress aging test, IEC61109 ） , Tsinghua University test
report （ 5000h multi-stress aging test, IEC62217 ） , DARMSTADT test report （ 1000h AC salt
fog test, IEC60099 ） , Sweden ABB test report （ South Africa seaside aging test ） , France
Alstom test report （ long-term thermal aging ）

KEMA Tsinghua University Germany DARMSTADT

test report test report test report
Solutions——Mechanical Fatigue Test——Temperature and pressure fatigue test
Experiment ： IEEE C37.09, No. 4.16.3

Temperature and stress fatigue test

Pressure cycle Circulating
Cycle-index
temperature(℃) pressure(MPa)
﹢100 0-1.0 90000
-40 0-1.0 10000
Results ：
Leak rate ＜ 0.1% （ Standard 0.5% ）
Internal pressure value ： 6MPa （ Standard 3.4MPa ）

Conclusion: Temperature and pressure change can`t influence

strength of substation composite insulator, mechanical and
sealing performance is reliable.
Contents
1 BACKGROUND

3 SOLUTIONS

2 CHALLENGES

APPLICATION
 APPLICATIONS
SHEMAR tested the 500kV hollow composite insulator used for more than 15 years Shemar
cooperated with equipment manufacturer to carry back a hollow composite insulator which has
been running for 15 years and has been replaced from 500kV Minfeng substation in Loudi, Hunan
province. Then we shipped it back to the factory for overall test and component material test. The
results showed that the product performance was basically unchanged.
Mechanical and electrical properties before and after operation
Items New product Running 15years
Maximum offset at the top of the 4kN
6mm 6.4mm
bending load (mm)
Maximum offset at the top of the 36kN
12mm 11.6mm
bending load (mm)
Intrinsic pressure(1.6MPa ， 5min ） No leakage No leakage
Seal test (annual leakage rate) 0.001 0.0012
Power frequency withstand voltage （ kV) 680 680
Performance of silicone rubber before and after operation
Items New product Running 15 years
Hardness （ HSD ） 62 63 Minfeng substation put into operation at
the end of 1995. When it expanded in 2002
Tensile strength （ MPa ） 5.1 4.9
it used SF6 current transformer produced by
Elongation at break （ % ） 282 268
Hunan power electric porcelain electrical
Hydrophobicity HC1 HC1~HC2 appliance factory which used hollow
Tracking resistance 1A4.5 1A4.5 composite insulator produced by SHEMAR
Flame resistance FV-0 FV-0 and has been worked well so far.
APPLICATIONS
SHEMAR electric power carries on the experiment to the Qinghai-Tibet project composite
insulators shed material ：
The Qinghai Tibet 750kV/±400kV AC and DC interconnection project was commissioned in 2011.
The total length of the line is 1038km, with a maximum altitude of 5231 meters, with an average
altitude of 4650 meters. Up to now, this is the largest DC transmission project built at the highest
altitude in the world. Most of the line composite insulators are provided by SHEMAR. From 23 to
25 in September 2017, during the blackout of the line, SHEMAR changed the line insulators on the
#636 and #637 two towers, and obtained 16 samples that had been running for more than 6 years,
and then tested the shed material performance.
Performance of silicone rubber before and after operation
Items New product Running 6 years
Hardness （ HSD ） 68 71
Tensile strength （ MPa ） 4.3 4.15
Elongation at break （ % ） 336 301
Tear strength ， kN/m 15 13
Hydrophobicity HC1 HC2
Tracking resistance 1A4.5 1A4.5
Flame resistance FV-0 FV-0
Application of composite insulators in substation for SHEMAR since 2011

GIS 、 Pass
Oil CT
Bus-bar supporting
Optical instrument
transformer
DTB
CVT
Capacitor
Cable terminal
Reactor
Transformer
Arrester
SF6 CT
Application of composite insulators in substation —— UHV projects

±800kV Converter station in Guangzhou

Smoothing reactor post insulator was in
operation in 2007 .

1000kV substation in Jingmen , Hubei

HGIS outlet bushing was in operation in
2009 .
Application of composite insulators in substation —— Earliest operation

500kV Substation in Minfeng , Hunan

SF6 instrument transformer was in operation in
2002 .
Application of composite insulators in substation —— Acid rain areas

500kV Substation in
Xiangtan Hunan

It was in operation in
2006 and has been in
operation for 11 years .

The frequency of acid

rain is above 60% ,and
the average range of pH
values is 4.56-4.90 .
 Application of composite insulators in substation —— High salt fog areas

500kV Substation in
Datang Lusi power plant ,
Jiangsu

It was in operation in
2010 and has been in
operation for 7 years .

The coastal salt fog area

has long sunshine
duration.
Application of composite insulators in substation ——
Large temperature difference between day and night

750kV Phoenix Substation in

Xinjiang

It was in operation in 2010

and has been in operation
for 7 years .

The highest surface

temperature in summer is
higher than 50 degrees, and
the lowest temperature in
winter is low than -20
degrees.
The maximum temperature
difference between day and
night is up to 40 degrees .
 Application of composite insulators in substation —— Sandy areas

750kV substation in
Riyue mountain ,
Qinghai

It was in operation in
2011 and has been in
operation for 6 years .

It is in the strong
sandstorm area .
Application of composite insulators in substation —— Sandy areas

750kV Substation in
Shazhou

It was in operation
in 2013 and has
been in operation
for 4 years .

It is in strong
sandstorm area .

64
 Application of composite insulators in substation —— Strong ultraviolet region

750kV Substation in
Guanting , Qinghai

It was in operation
in 2008 and has
been in operation
for 9 years .

It is in a strong
ultraviolet region .
Shemar substation composite insulator servicing more than 90% of the global power
transmission equipment manufacturers
Thanks!