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    Special Purpose Diodes

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    kmsriram92
    This document provides information about zener diodes, including: 1. It discusses how zener diodes differ from normal rectifier diodes and how they are designed to operate in reverse breakdown to maintain a specific voltage. 2. It explains the two types of reverse breakdown that can occur - avalanche and zener breakdown - and how zener diodes are doped to achieve zener breakdown at low voltages. 3. It shows the characteristic curve of a zener diode and defines terms like zener voltage, zener current, and zener impedance.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Special Purpose Diodes

    Uploaded by

    kmsriram92
    273 views10 pages
    This document provides information about zener diodes, including: 1. It discusses how zener diodes differ from normal rectifier diodes and how they are designed to operate in reverse breakdown to maintain a specific voltage. 2. It explains the two types of reverse breakdown that can occur - avalanche and zener breakdown - and how zener diodes are doped to achieve zener breakdown at low voltages. 3. It shows the characteristic curve of a zener diode and defines terms like zener voltage, zener current, and zener impedance.

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    This document provides information about zener diodes, including: 1. It discusses how zener diodes differ from normal rectifier diodes and how they are designed to operate in reverse breakdown to maintain a specific voltage. 2. It explains the two types of reverse breakdown that can occur - avalanche and zener breakdown - and how zener diodes are doped to achieve zener breakdown at low voltages. 3. It shows the characteristic curve of a zener diode and defines terms like zener voltage, zener current, and zener impedance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    273 views10 pages

    Special Purpose Diodes

    Uploaded by

    kmsriram92
    This document provides information about zener diodes, including: 1. It discusses how zener diodes differ from normal rectifier diodes and how they are designed to operate in reverse breakdown to maintain a specific voltage. 2. It explains the two types of reverse breakdown that can occur - avalanche and zener breakdown - and how zener diodes are doped to achieve zener breakdown at low voltages. 3. It shows the characteristic curve of a zener diode and defines terms like zener voltage, zener current, and zener impedance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    

     

    | 
     
    

    O   
       
    O
     

       
    ë
     
    I want to express my gratitude to Prentice Hall giving me the permission
    to use instructor¶s material for developing this module. I would like to
    thank the Department of Electrical and Telecommunications Engineering
    Technology of NYCCT for giving me support to commence and complete
    this module. I hope this module is helpful to enhance our students¶
    academic performance.
    4
    _ 
    
    
      
    

    _ 
     
     

    _  
     
    

    _    
    
    
    

    _ |  
    

      : Zener Diode, Voltage Regulation, LED, Photodiode, Special Diode

    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  2


    
    
    
    The D   is a silicon pn junction devices that differs from rectifier
    diodes because V VV 
     VV      
    V. The breakdown voltage of a zener diode is set by carefully
    controlling the level during manufacture. The basic function of D
      is to maintain a specific voltage across it¶s terminals within given
    limits of line or load change. Typically it is used for providing a stable
    reference voltage for use in power supplies and other equipment.

    This particular zener circuit will work to maintain 10 V across the load.
    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  3
      
    
    ë D   is much like a normal diode. The exception being is that it is
    placed in the circuit in reverse bias and operates in reverse breakdown.
    This typical characteristic curve illustrates the operating range for a zener.
    Note that it¶s forward characteristics are just like a normal diode.

    Volt-ampere characteristic is shown in this Figure with normal operating regions for
    rectifier diodes and for zener diodes shown as shaded areas. 4
      
    
    Zener diodes are designed to operate in reverse breakdown. Two types
    of reverse breakdown in a zener diode are    and  . The
    avalanche break down occurs in both rectifier and zener diodes at a
    sufficiently high reverse voltage. v  occurs in a zener
    diode at low reverse voltages.
    ë zener diode is heavily doped to reduced the breakdown voltage.
    This causes a very thin depletion region. ës a result, an intense
    electric field exists within the depletion region. Near the zener
    breakdown voltage (Vz), the field is intense enough to pull electrons
    from their valence bands and create current. The zener diodes
    breakdown characteristics are determined by the doping process
    Low voltage zeners less than 5V operate in the zener breakdown
    range. Those designed to operate more than 5 V operate mostly in
       range. Zeners are commercially available with
    voltage breakdowns of   .
    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  5
     
       
    Figure shows the reverse portion of a zener diode¶s characteristic
    curve. ës the reverse voltage (VR) is increased, the reverse current (IR)
    remains extremely small up to the ³knee´ of the curve. The reverse
    current is also called the zener current, IZ. ët this point, the breakdown
    effect begins; the internal zener resistance, also called zener impedance
    (ZZ), begins to decrease as reverse current increases rapidly.

    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  6


       
    Figure (b) represents the practical model of a zener diode, where the
    zener impedance (ZZ) is included. Since the actual voltage curve is not
    ideally vertical, a change in zener current (ǻIZ) produces a small change
    in zener voltage (ǻVZ), as illustrated in Figure (c).

    *v
    vv
    *v

    v    
         
       
    
          
    vv
    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  i
    O 
     ë zener diode exhibits a certain change in VZ for a certain change in
    IZ on a portion of the linear characteristic curve between IZK and IZM as
    illustrated in Figure. What is the zener impedance?

    *v 50—
    vv 10m
    * v 5—

    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  o


      
     |!
    
    

    ës with most devices,


    zener diodes have given
    characteristics such as
    temperature coefficients
    and power ratings that
    have to be considered.
    The data sheet provides
    this information.

    v: zener voltage


    v
    : zener test current
    vv
    : zener Impedance
    v: zener knee current
    v: maximum zener
    current

    Partial data sheet for the 1N4i2o-


    1N4i2o-1N4i64 series 1 W zener diodes.
    ET212 Electronics ± Special Purpose Diodes º  9

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