Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 53 views

    Positive Thinking Martin Seligman's Theory of Learned Helplessness & Learned Optimisim

    Uploaded by

    Joaquín Marbán Sánchez
    Martin Seligman's research on learned helplessness and learned optimism established the foundation for positive psychology. Through experiments with dogs, Seligman found that when animals experienced uncontrollable negative situations, they stopped trying to change their circumstances even when opportunities were available. However, when situations allowed some control, the animals did not give up. This led Seligman to explore how attribution styles (internal vs. external) and explanatory styles (optimistic vs. pessimistic) impact coping and motivation. He developed techniques to shift from a pessimistic to optimistic explanatory style in order to prevent learned helplessness and promote resilience. Seligman's work has influenced approaches for treating depression and building life satisfaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Positive Thinking Martin Seligman's Theory of Learned Helplessness & Learned Optimisim

    Uploaded by

    Joaquín Marbán Sánchez
    53 views38 pages
    Martin Seligman's research on learned helplessness and learned optimism established the foundation for positive psychology. Through experiments with dogs, Seligman found that when animals experienced uncontrollable negative situations, they stopped trying to change their circumstances even when opportunities were available. However, when situations allowed some control, the animals did not give up. This led Seligman to explore how attribution styles (internal vs. external) and explanatory styles (optimistic vs. pessimistic) impact coping and motivation. He developed techniques to shift from a pessimistic to optimistic explanatory style in order to prevent learned helplessness and promote resilience. Seligman's work has influenced approaches for treating depression and building life satisfaction.

    Original Title

    Aprenda optimismo

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Martin Seligman's research on learned helplessness and learned optimism established the foundation for positive psychology. Through experiments with dogs, Seligman found that when animals experienced uncontrollable negative situations, they stopped trying to change their circumstances even when opportunities were available. However, when situations allowed some control, the animals did not give up. This led Seligman to explore how attribution styles (internal vs. external) and explanatory styles (optimistic vs. pessimistic) impact coping and motivation. He developed techniques to shift from a pessimistic to optimistic explanatory style in order to prevent learned helplessness and promote resilience. Seligman's work has influenced approaches for treating depression and building life satisfaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    53 views38 pages

    Positive Thinking Martin Seligman's Theory of Learned Helplessness & Learned Optimisim

    Uploaded by

    Joaquín Marbán Sánchez
    Martin Seligman's research on learned helplessness and learned optimism established the foundation for positive psychology. Through experiments with dogs, Seligman found that when animals experienced uncontrollable negative situations, they stopped trying to change their circumstances even when opportunities were available. However, when situations allowed some control, the animals did not give up. This led Seligman to explore how attribution styles (internal vs. external) and explanatory styles (optimistic vs. pessimistic) impact coping and motivation. He developed techniques to shift from a pessimistic to optimistic explanatory style in order to prevent learned helplessness and promote resilience. Seligman's work has influenced approaches for treating depression and building life satisfaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 38

    Positive Thinking

    Martin Seligman’s Theory of


    Learned Helplessness
    &
    Learned Optimisim
     
    Positive Thinking

    Team Members
     Gaurav Jain (8051)
     Wasim (8157)
     Anish Jojan (8053)
     Jaya Pandey (8146)
     Kashmira Jain (8052)
     Rahul Ramteke (8155)
     Rahul Kashyap (8154)
    Positive Thinking

    WHAT IS POSITIVE THINKING?


    Positive Thinking

    Positive thinking is “the practice or result


    of concentrating one’s mind affirmatively
    on what is constructive and good, thereby
    eliminating from it negative or destructive
    thoughts and emotions”
    Positive Thinking

     Positive thinking is internally driven by


    one’s purpose.
     Positive thinking is based in a faith that
    everything in life happens for a reason.
     Positive thinking is aided by religious faith.
     Positive thinking is aided by one’s
    relationship with oneself, one’s God, and
    one’s ohana
    Positive Thinking
    Positive Thinking

    A Starting Pace
     Born: August 12, 1942,
    in Albany, New York

     Career: Assistant
    Professor,
    Director of Clinical
    Training Program,
    President of APA,
    Master of Applied
    Positive Psychology
    Program (MAPP)
    Positive Thinking

    Nikki and the weeds


     Seligman’s inspiration.
     Weeding garden.
     5-year old daughter throwing weeds.
     Seligman irritated, yelled at Nikki.
     “Daddy. From when I was 3 until I was 5, I
    was a whiner. I whined every day. On my
    5th birthday, I decided I wasn’t going to
    whine anymore. That was the hardest
    thing I’ve ever done. If I can stop whining,
    you can stop being such a grouch.”
    Positive Thinking

    Founder of Positive Psychology


    Seligman has written about positive
    psychology topic such as
    Learned helplessness

    Pessimistic to optimistic

    Learned optimism
    Positive Thinking

    Seligman Experiment: part 1


    Positive Thinking

    Seligman Experiment: part 2


     All groups received
    the shock.
     Put in shuttle box.
     Light dimmed.
     10 second later got
    shock unless they
    jumped to safe side.
    Positive Thinking

    Shuttle box behavior


    Positive Thinking
    Parallels with Reactive
    Depression
     Triggered by traumatic life event
    (ex. death of loved one).
     Passivity
     Physical symptoms.
     Stress related disorders.
    Positive Thinking

    Parallels to Treating People


     Encourage depressed people to get back
    into life. Ex: not willing to leave home.
     Small steps. (Go out to movie, then
    mall.)
     Increase difficulty.
     Show them they do have control over
    their lives.
    Positive Thinking

    Prevention of Helplessness
    Positive Thinking

    Positive subjective states


     Positive emotions.
     Happiness.
     Satisfaction with
    life.
     Optimism.
     Sources of energy
    and confidence.
    Positive Thinking

    Explanatory Style

     Personal

     Permanent

     Pervasive
    Positive Thinking

    Attribution Theory
    Positive Thinking

    HOW DO PEOPLE MAKE


    ATTRIBUTIONS?
    Kelley said people consider 3 factors
     INTERNAL : personal
     EXTERNAL : situational
     STABLE : same outcome
     UNSTABLE : different outcome
     CONTROLLABLE : can be altered easily
    eg : efforts
     UNCONTROLLABLE : cannot be altered easily
    eg : intelligence
    Positive Thinking

    ATTRIBUTION IN ACTION

    EG - LITTERING
    Positive Thinking

    ATTRIBUTION IN HEALTH
    EG : MAMMOGRAPHY
    WOMEN IN TWO GROUPS WERE SHOWN
    TWO VIDEOS
    ONE EMPHASISING ON
    “YOU”
    OTHER EMPHASISING ON
    “YOUR DOCTOR”
    Positive Thinking

    Attribution In Education Motivation

     LUCK - external unstable


     ABILITY - internal stable
     TASK DIFFICULTY - external stable
     EFFORT - internal unstable
    Positive Thinking

    ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE
     PESSIMISTIC EXPLANATORY STYLE

     OPTIMISTIC EXPLANATORY STYLE


    Positive Thinking

    Pessimistic Explanatory Style


     When a bad event happens to a person he
    believes that nothing ever goes right for
    him
    Eg : I can’t draw animal I can’t draw
    anything (pessimistic)
     This results in feeling helpless and that
    you are unable to influence the event
    Positive Thinking

    Optimistic Explanatory Style


     When a bad event happens to a person
    he believes that the bad event was
    temporary and that it has no influence on
    future event
    Eg : I am not good in drawing horse but I
    am good in drawing people (optimistic)
     This results in feeling hope and you are
    able to influence the event
    Positive Thinking
    Explaining Misfortune 

    Ultimate Pessimism 

     
    How You Think

    How You Feel ! 


    Positive Thinking

    The Realms of Life  


    SUCCESS AT WORK  

    1. APTITUDE
    2. MOTIVATION
    3. OPTIMISM

    The Value of Pessimism  


    Positive Thinking

    Children and Parents: the


    Origins of Optimism
    1. Mother's Explanatory Style

    2. Adult Criticism : Teachers and Parents

    3. Children’s Life Crisis


    Positive Thinking

    School

    Sports

    Health
    Positive Thinking
    Positive Thinking

    Changing: from Pessimism to


    Optimism
    “ABCDE” Theory

     A = Adverse event or situation


     B = Beliefs about that event
     C = Consequences of those beliefs
     D = Disputation and Distraction
     E = Energization
    Positive Thinking

    Flexible Optimism

    Flexible optimism is tendency to face


    reality with a positive outlook without
    dwelling unduly on the negatives. It
    involves anticipating the best possible
    outcome in any situation.
    Positive Thinking

    BENEFITS OF FLEXIBLE OPTIMISM


     Sense of control
     Realistic goals
     Level of stress
     Satisfaction
     Positive relationships
     Positive anticipation
     Patience
     Self esteem
    Positive Thinking

    Sir Winston Churchill “A pessimist sees the


    difficulty in every opportunity an optimist
    sees the opportunity; an optimist sees the
    opportunity in every difficulty”
    ANY QUERIES
    Positive Thinking

    People deal too much with the negative,


    with what is wrong...Why not try and see
    positive things, to just touch those things
    and make them bloom?”
    ----Thich Nhat Hanh (Vietnamese Monk)

    You might also like