Philippine Declaration of Independence: Group 2

Philippine
Declaration of
Independence
Group 2
Primary source used
Acta de la proclamación de
independencia del pueblo
Filipino
Background of Author
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
prepared, written and read the Act of the Declaration of
Independence in Spanish (Acta de la proclamación de
independencia del pueblo Filipino)
General Emilio Aguinaldo’s confidante
He also known as Don Bosyong (alias/pen name)
He is a lawyer and an author
A distant relative of the Rizal family
Background of Author
More about Bautista
He solicited funds to finance a campaign for reforms
a member of the La Liga Filipina, Cuerpo de Compromisarios and La
Propaganda
in 1898, he became the first adviser to President Aguinaldo
According to Arnaldo Dumindin in his book Philippine-American War,
1899-1902, it was Bautista and not Aguinaldo who waved the flag
from the central window of the mansion.
Background on President Aguinaldo
Emilio Aguinaldo
Officially known as the First President of the Philippines
Was a member of the Katipunan, particularly the Magdalo
Played a pivotal role in both the Spanish-American War and Philippine-
American War
Outspoken advocate of independence for the Philippines.
Involved in Philippines politics for more than 50 years
Summary of Text
Created: May - June 1898
Ratified: June 12, 1898
Signatories: 98 delegates
Purpose: To proclaim the sovereignty and
independence of the Philippines from the
colonial rule of Spain.
Summary of Text
Took place in Cavite II el Viejo (present-day
Kawit, Cavite), Philippines
Public reading of the Act of the Declaration of
independence (Spanish: Acta de la
proclamación de independencia del pueblo
Filipino)
Summary of Text
●List of grievances against the Spanish
government (Ferdinand Magellan's arrival in
1521)
●Confer(s) upon Dictator Don Emilio
Aguinaldo all the powers necessary to
enable him to discharge the duties of
Government (prerogatives of granting
pardon and amnesty)
Summary of Text
●Filipino revolutionary forces under General
Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the sovereignty
and independence of the Philippine Islands
from the colonial rule of Spain.
○The people in the Philippines can no longer tolerate
the harm that the Spanish colonization has caused.
○Filipinos were abused.
Summary of Text
●Emilio Aguinaldo returned in order for him to
start a new revolution.
○ The revolution movement spread like wildfire to
other towns of Cavite and other provinces.
○The resistance of the Spanish forces was localized
in the town of San Fernando.
○Manila was surrounded with Philippine forces as well
as other provinces in Luzon and in Visayas
Summary of Text
●The Supreme Judge of the Universe, and under
the protection of the Powerful and Humanitarian
Nation, the United States of America, witnessed
that our country fought for righteousness.
○proclaimed and declared that the Philippines:
■has the right to be free and independent
■should cease any loyalty to the Crown of Spain
■that all political ties between them should be
completely severed and annulled
Summary of Text
■do all other acts and things which an independent state

has a right to do
■this free nation must use the same flag which up to
now is being used
Summary of Text
Original Flag raised by Emilio Aguinaldo in declaring the independence in
1898
White Triangle- Emblem of the Society of “Katipunan”
Three Stars- Luzon, Mindanao, Panay
Sun- Gigantic steps made by the sons of the country along the path of
Progress and Civilization
Eight Rays- Eight Provinces which declared themselves in a state of war
as soon as the first revolt was initiated (Manila, Cavite, Bulacan,
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna, Batangas)
Blue, Red, White- commemorating the flag of the United States of
America as a manifestation of profound gratitude
Summary of Text
Philippine National Flag
made in Hong Kong
made by Mrs. Marcella Agoncillo
assisted by Lorenza Agoncillo and Delfina Herboza
Philippine National Anthem

composed by Julian Felipe
written by Jose Palma
adapted from the Spanish poem, Filipinas
Summary of Text
98 persons signed the Declaration of
Independence
Summary of Text
List of people who signed the Philippine Declaration of Independence
Don Segundo Arellano, Don Tiburcio del Rosario, Sergio Matias, Don Agapito Zialcita, Don Flaviano Alonzo, Don Mariano
Legazpi, Don Jose Turiano Santiago y Acosta, Don Aurelio Tolentino, Don Felix Ferrer, Don Felipe Buencamino, Don Fernando
Canon Faustino, Don Anastacio Pinzun, Don Timoteo Bernabe, Don Flaviano Rodriguez, Don Gavino (?) Masancay, Don Narciso
Mayuga, Don Gregorio Villa, Don Luis Perez Tagle, Don Canuto Celestino, Don Marcos Jocson, Don Martin de los Reyes, Don
Ciriaco Bausa, Don Manuel Santos, Don Mariano Toribio, Don Gabriel de los Reyes, Don Hugo Lim, Don Emiliano Lim, Don
Faustino Tinorio(?), Don Rosendo Simon, Don Leon Tanjanque(?), Don Gregorio Bonifacio, Don Manuel Salafranca, Don Simon
Villareal, Don Calixto Lara, Don Buenaventura Toribio, Don Gabriel Reyes, Don Hugo Lim, Don Emiliano Lim, Don Fausto
Tinorio(?), Don Rosendo Simon, Don Leon Tanjanque(?), Don Gregorio Bonifacio, Don Manuel Salafranca, Don Simon Villareal,
Don Calixto Lara, Don Buenaventura Toribio, Don Zacarias Fajardo, Don Florencio Manalo, Don Ramon Gana, Don Marcelino
Gomez, Don Valentin Politan, Don Felix Politan, Don Evaristo Dimalanta, Don Gregorio Alvarez, Don Sabas de Guzman, Don
Esteban Francisco, Don Guido Yaptinchay, Don Mariano Rianzares Bautista, Don Francisco Arambulo, Don Antonio Gonzales,
Don Juan Antonio Gonzales, Don Juan Arevalo, Don Ramon Delfino, Don Honorio Tiongco, Don Francisco del Rosario, Don
Epifanio Saguil, Don Ladislao Afable Jose, Don Sixto Roldan, Don Luis de Lara, Don Marcelo Basa, Don Jose Medina, Don
Efipanio Crisia(?), Don Pastor Lopez de Leon, Don Mariano de los Santos, Don Santiago Garcia, Don Andres Tria Tirona, Don
Estanislao Tria Tirona, Don Daniel Tria Tirona, Don Andres Tria Tirona, Don Carlos Tria Tirona, Don Sulpicio P. Antony, Don
Epitacio Asuncion, Don Catalino Ramon, Don Juan Bordador, Don Jose del Rosario, Don Proceso Pulido, Don Jose Maria del
Rosario, Don Ramon Magcamco(?), Don Antonio Calingo, Don Pedro Mendiola, Don Estanislao Galinco, Don Numeriano Castillo,
Don Federico Tomacruz, Don Teodoro Yatco, Don Ladislao Diwa(?).
Background of Text
1896 (August)
Philippine Revolution began
1897 (December)
●Pact of Biak-na-Bato
○ truce between Spanish Colonial Governor-General
Fernando Primo de Rivera and Emilio Aguinaldo to end the
Philippine Revolution
○ Spanish paid the revolutionaries PHP800,000
○ Aguinaldo and other leader were put to exile in Hong Kong
Background of Text
1898 (April)
Outbreak of Spanish-American War
result of U.S. intervention in Cuban War of Independence
U.S. attacked Spain’s Pacific Possession which led to the
involvement in the Philippine Revolution
Commodore George Dewey aboard the U.S.S. Olympia sailed
from Hong Kong to Manila Bay and led the Asiatic Squadron of
the U.S. Navy
Background of Text
1898 (May)
Battle of Manila Bay
Emilio Aguinaldo decided to return to the Philippines
and helped Americans defeat the Spaniards
Spaniards were defeated
Emilio Aguinaldo arrived in Cavite (unofficially allied
with the USA)
Background of Text
1898 (June)
Rebels had gained control of most of the
Philippines (except Manila).
On June 12, independence was declared.
However, this was not recognized by the
US or Spain.
Background of the Text
1898 Treaty of Paris
Spain ceded the Philippines to the United
States which ended the Spanish-American
War
Philippine-American War
Ended after Aguinaldo was captured
July 2, 1902
US had a “full control” over the Philippines
except areas inhabited by Moro tribes
July 4, 1946
US granted the Philippines its independence
during Treaty of Manila
RA No. 4166
Diosdado Macapagal signed into Law
designating June 12 as the country’s
Independence Day
Importance of Text
● For foreign countries to recognize the independence of
the country.
● And it also helped us to get increased foreign
assistance from USA in our fight to become free from
colonizers
“And having as witness to the rectitude of our intentions the Supreme Judge of the
Universe, and under the protection of our Powerful and Humanitarian Nation, The
United States of America, we do hereby proclaim and declare solemnly in the name by
authority of the people of these Philippine Islands,”
Importance of Text
● For our independence to be really considered official,
and for it to have legal basis
● Justified our right to revolt against a government that no
longer guaranteed us our natural rights
“Taking into account the fact that the people of this country are already tired
of bearing the ominous joke of Spanish domination,…..
…. Had resolved to start a revolution in August 1896 in order to regain the
independence and sovereignty of which the people had been deprived by
Spain”
Importance of the Text
● Appointed Emilio Aguinaldo as the head of the Ph
government
“Moreover, we confer upon our famous Dictator Don Emilio Aguinaldo all the
powers necessary to enable him to discharge the duties of Government,
including the prerogatives of granting pardon and amnesty,”
● The Declaration of Independence stated certain ideals
that our ancestors believed were important for man to
have, such as liberty and equality
“That they are and have the right to be free and independent; that they have ceased to
have allegiance to the Crown of Spain; that all political ties between them are should
be completely severed and annulled; and that, like other free and independent States,
they enjoy the full power to make War and Peace, conclude commercial treaties, enter
into alliances, regulate commerce, and do all other acts and things which and
Independent State Has right to do,”
● Commemoration of Sacrifices
● Appreciation of Sovereignty

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Philippine

■do all other acts and things which an independent state

Philippine National Anthem

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