Service Training Hydraulic: Reachstacker Forklift ECB

Service Training Hydraulic
General description 1
FORKLIFT ECB REACHSTACKER

General description
Load Sensing Hydraulic-System
In a load sensing hydraulic system the pump only supplies the flow
required for the functions on each occasion they are connected, i.e.
The pump’s output is not greater than the current load.
The hydraulic system in all SMV’s trucks is load sensing.

General description
The advantages of a load-sensing system
• No flow in the system when it is not used.

• Only the necessary flow when lifting or moving.
• No unnecessary overpressure when lifting small loads.
• Greater precision and more flexible maneuvering of the machine.
• Smaller losses and less wear to the hydraulic system.
• Lower energy consumption.
• Less heat development.
General description
Differens between conventional system and load sensing system
Conventional system
Load Sensing System

General description
General description
In a load-sensing system:
The load the system is subjected to is measured and this
controls the output from the hydraulic pump.
The system remains in balance:

Light load - low output
Heavy load - high output.
The heart of the system is the variable piston pump.
When the load on the system changes,

a signal provides the pump with information about the change
and a corresponding change is made to the output.
General description
The diagram shows a principle of a load sensing system. The

load signal ”LS” which controls the pump, is taken from the
directional control valve.
The truck driver controls the hydraulics functions using

joystick that actuate the directional control valve. The system
is proportional, i.e.
Small joystick movement = Little oil flow.
Large joystick movement = Large oil flow
General description
When the directional control valve is closed the pump gives a low
basic pressure, which is known as standby pressure.
When the system is put to work, oil flows through the directional control
valve, from P to A, and a pressure drop arises.
This is called DeltaP.
The standby pressure should be slightly higher than DeltaP. It is
important that the pump provides the correct standby pressure in
order for the system to work correctly.
When the joystick is in the neutral position, i.e. when no work is

being carried out, the load signal is 0. The output from the pump,
which corresponds to the standby pressure, is very low and with
that the output requirement from the diesel engine is also low.
General description
Small joystick movement only requires a small flow, yet high

pressure. The load signal provides the pump with information, this
is then set to give the right output.
Both a large flow and high pressures are required in response to

large joystick movement. The load signal provides the pump with
information, this is then set to give maximum output.
General description
Variable Piston Pump, Parker P2 series
Variable Piston Pumps in SMV trucks:

Disp: Max.p: Standby: Flow:
105cc 240bar 33bar 218l/m
Note: Engine speed 2100rpm, Dana transmission
General description
General description
Parker P2 design with ripple chamber
Suction kidney Pressure kidney

General description

Pre compression phase

General description

Compression phase

General description

Compression phase

General description

Pre compression phase

General description

Compression phase

General description

Compression phase

General description
LS-line
 - p adjusting screw
DELTA P
P MAX
Max. pressure adjusting screw

General description
The diagram shows the system with the diesel engine switched
off when the pressure and flow are 0.
General description
When the diesel engine is started, the pump gives maximum

output for a short period until the standby pressure is reached.
2 Once the standby pressure has been reached, the valve (2)
adjusts the pump and maintains this at the set pressure
irrespective of the speed of the diesel engine.
General description
When the system is put to work (via the joystick) the directional
control valve (3) changes position and the LS line is pressurised.
The valve (4) is reset and the pressure in the actuator piston (5)
drops. The pump output then increases until it corresponds with
the load on the system.
5
General description
When the system is put to work (via the joystick) the directional
control valve (3) changes position and the LS line is pressurised.
The valve (4) is reset and the pressure in the actuator piston (5)
drops. The pump output then increases until it corresponds with
the load on the system.
General description
When the pump output corresponds to the load on the system, the
valve (6) is adjusted and maintains the pump at the right output.
General description
When the cylinder is moved to the end position, the pressure can
reach max. pressure.
The pressure in the load signal (LS) increases and the valve (4)
is reset. The pressure in the actuator piston (5) decreases and the
pump output increases.
General description
When the pump output is equal to the set max. pressure for
the valve (7) its position changes. The pressure in the
actuator piston (8) increases and the pump output decreases.
The pressure is maintained until the cylinder moves or the
directional valve is
switched.
General description 27
FORKLIFT ECB REACHSTACKER

Service Training Hydraulic: Reachstacker Forklift ECB

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Service Training Hydraulic: Reachstacker Forklift ECB

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Service Training Hydraulic

FORKLIFT ECB REACHSTACKER

Load Sensing Hydraulic-System

The hydraulic system in all SMV’s trucks is load sensing.

The advantages of a load-sensing system

• No flow in the system when it is not used.

Differens between conventional system and load sensing system

Load Sensing System

The system remains in balance:

The heart of the system is the variable piston pump.

When the load on the system changes,

The diagram shows a principle of a load sensing system. The

The truck driver controls the hydraulics functions using

When the joystick is in the neutral position, i.e. when no work is

Small joystick movement only requires a small flow, yet high

Both a large flow and high pressures are required in response to

Variable Piston Pump, Parker P2 series

Variable Piston Pumps in SMV trucks:

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Parker P2 design with ripple chamber

Suction kidney Pressure kidney

Max. pressure adjusting screw

When the diesel engine is started, the pump gives maximum

FORKLIFT ECB REACHSTACKER

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