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Machine Design - Introduction

The document discusses key considerations in machine design including: 1) Types of loads and stresses that must be considered like static, dynamic, thermal and impact loads. 2) Machine kinematics and selecting the simplest construction that provides efficient desired motion. 3) Material selection based on properties like strength, hardness, durability and resistance to heat, corrosion and wear. 4) Determining component shapes and sizes based on load calculations, material choice, failure modes and availability of standard components.

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bagusp
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
63 views

Machine Design - Introduction

The document discusses key considerations in machine design including: 1) Types of loads and stresses that must be considered like static, dynamic, thermal and impact loads. 2) Machine kinematics and selecting the simplest construction that provides efficient desired motion. 3) Material selection based on properties like strength, hardness, durability and resistance to heat, corrosion and wear. 4) Determining component shapes and sizes based on load calculations, material choice, failure modes and availability of standard components.

Uploaded by

bagusp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Perancangan Mesin (Machine Design)

Definisi Machine Design?

Membuat (Creation) mesin yang baru atau yang lebih baik ataupun

mengembangkan (Improving) dari yang sudah ada

Sehingg lebih bernilai ekonomis (economical) baik dalam hal biaya

produksi dan operasional


Perancangan Mesin
How a design is born
Market
survey

Aesthetic
marketability
Ease of
Requirement handling

Safety
Availability of
Creation FUNDS
Economical
Model Available
(Rough idea) material Recyclability

Manufacturing
resources
Material/s
Analysis Force/stress Sizes
used
Pengetahan dasar yang penting dalam perancangan mesin

•Mathematics
Mathematics
• Mechanics of Machines
•Engineering
EngineeringMechanics
Mechanics • Mechanics of Materials

• Fluid Mechanics & Thermodynamics


•Strength
Strengthof
ofMaterials
Materials

•Workshop
WorkshopProcesses
Processes

•Engineering
EngineeringDrawing
Drawing

• Computing

• Finite Element Analysis, Computational Fluid Dynamics etc


Pertimangan utama perancangan mesin

1. Tipe Pembebanan dan Tegangan yang terjadi akibat pembebanan

• Beban statis • Tegangan dan Regangan


Stress and strain
• Beban dinamik • (Tensile, compressive, shear)

Steady loads • Tegangan termal/Thermal stresses

Variable loads
• Tegangan Puntir / Torsional stresses
• Beban Kejut/ Shock
loads (suddenly) • Tegangan tekuk/ Bending stress

• Beban impak/ Impact


loads (applied with some
velocity)
Pertimbangan Utama Perancangan Mesin

2. KINEMATIKA meesin (Motion of the parts)

Mencari rangkaian/kontruksi yang paling sederhana yang


menghasilkan gerakan/mekanisme yang paling efesien
sesuai kebtuhan

3. Pemilihan MATERIAL

Memahami properties of the materials and


karakteristiknya sesuai dengan kondisi kerja yang
diinginkan.

Strength, hardness, durability, flexibility, weight,


resistance to heat and corrosion, electrical
conductivity, machinability, etc.
Pertimbangan Utama Perancangan Mesin
3. Pemilihan Material

Metal Non-metal

Ferrous Non-ferrous

Physical properties: Density, Melting point, Elec/thermal properties

Mechanical properties:
• STRENGTH – resist externally applied loads without breaking
or yielding
• STIFFNESS – resist deformation under stress
• ELASTICITY – regain original shape once the force is removed
• PLASTICITY – property which retains deformation (required for
forging etc)
• DUCTILITY – ability to be drawn into a wire by a tensile force
• BRITTLENESS – sudden breaking with minimum distortion
• TOUGHNESS – resist fracture due to high impact load
• CREEP – deformation under stress and high temperature
• FATIGUE – ability to withstand cyclic stresses
• HARDNESS – resistance to wear, scratching, deformation,
machinability etc
Pertimbangan Utama Perancangan Mesin

4. Bentuk dan ukuran komponen

• Peritungan pembebanan dan tegangan yg terjadi


• Material yang dipilih atau ditentukan
• Mode kegagalan kontruksi
• Ketersediaan komponen standar
Prosedur Umum Perancangan Mesin

Need or aim Recognize and specify the problem

Synthesis Select the mechanism that would give the desired


motion and form the basic model with a sketch etc

Analysis of the FORCES

Material selection

Determine the stresses and thereby the


Design of elements
sizes of components s.t. failure or
deformation does not occur

Modification Modify sizes to ease construction & reduce overall co

Detailed drawing Production

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