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Computer Hardware Servicing (G10) : Sir. Russel D. Canuela

The document discusses the basic hardware components of a computer system. It describes common internal hardware like the motherboard, CPU, memory, hard drive, and optical drive. External hardware like monitors, keyboards, mice, and printers are also mentioned. The document also covers input devices like keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and microphones. Output devices discussed include computer monitors, LCD projectors, smart boards, and printers. The document emphasizes that understanding computer hardware is important for aspiring computer technicians.

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Angelyn Lingatong
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
88 views

Computer Hardware Servicing (G10) : Sir. Russel D. Canuela

The document discusses the basic hardware components of a computer system. It describes common internal hardware like the motherboard, CPU, memory, hard drive, and optical drive. External hardware like monitors, keyboards, mice, and printers are also mentioned. The document also covers input devices like keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and microphones. Output devices discussed include computer monitors, LCD projectors, smart boards, and printers. The document emphasizes that understanding computer hardware is important for aspiring computer technicians.

Uploaded by

Angelyn Lingatong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

HARDWARE
SERVICING(G10)
Sir. Russel D. Canuela
"Computers are incredibly fast,
accurate and stupid; humans are
incredibly slow, inaccurate and
brilliant; together they are powerful
beyond imagination.”
- Albert Einstein
Computer
Peripherals/
Devices/
System
Computers have become a useful part of our everyday lives.
The types of computers we use at home or at work are
referred to by varied names such as PCs, microcomputers,
workstations, laptops and desktops. These computers are
most popularly referred to as “personal computers” or PCs,
the most common type of computer in the world.

Today, an average person uses computer-based assistance


several times each day and it becomes an integral part of
our lives. So it is very important to be aware of and
understand them.
Microcomputers
Workstations
Laptop
Desktop
Direction: List five (5) hardware and software you are
familiar with.
As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important
to know the different components of a computer
system. These are the hardware, software and
peopleware. Each component plays an important role,
without each other computer systems will not work
properly.
HARDWARE
HARDWARE

◦ the physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical


parts of a computer system.
◦ Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a
computer and related devices. Internal hardware devices
include motherboards, hard drives, and RAM. External
hardware devices include monitors, keyboards, mice,
printers, and scanners.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

System Unit - The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It
includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports,
Expansion Slots and Cards.

Figure 1.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Motherboard/Mainboard/System Board- The main circuit board of


a computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or


“heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations that are needed
and manages the flow of information through a computer.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Primary Storage - (internal storage, main


memory or memory) is the computer's working
storage space that holds data, instructions for
processing and processed data (information)
waiting to be sent to secondary storage.
Two (2) Types of Memory
◦ ROM - (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning
it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.
◦ RAM - (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning
it holds data only when the power is on. When the power is
off, RAM's contents are lost.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several hardware


components inside or outside a computer. It does not only connect the parts of the CPU
to each other, but also links the CPU with other important hardware.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the computer to
use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary connections or circuit boards.
They are often used to permit upgrading to a new different hardware.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Power Supply Unit (PSU)- Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to
the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard house power) into DC voltages that are used by
other components in the PC.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Hard Disk Drive - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic storage device that is
installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data. In a
Windows computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and contains the
operating system and applications.
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s

Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data
on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD),
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
Basic set of hardware found in most PC’s
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) - Designed to optically access data stored
on a DVD. A laser moves back and forth near the disk
INPUT DEVICES

◦ Input Devices - Accepts data and instructions


from the user or from another computer system.
Two (2) Types of Input Devices

1. Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard.


Keyboard - The first input device developed for the PC. Data is transferred to the PC over a short
cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din connector that plugs into the back of the motherboard.
Two (2) Types of Input Devices

2. Direct Entry – A form of input that does not require data to


be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard. Direct-entry
devices create machine-readable data on paper, or magnetic
media, or feed it directly into the computer’s CPU.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

◦1. Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the pointer (cursor) on screen.
◦Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in PCs. Every mouse has two buttons and
most have one or two scroll wheels.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

• Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus. Used in
myriad applications, including ATM machines, retail point-of-sale terminals, car navigation and
industrial controls. The touch screen became wildly popular for smart phones and tablets.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

• Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video terminal used to draw pictures or select
menu options. The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and presses the pen
button to make contact.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

• Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet used for sketching new images or tracing old
ones. Also called a "graphics tablet," the user contacts the surface of the device with a wired
or wireless pen or puck.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

2. Scanning Devices- A device that can read text or


illustrations printed on paper and translates the information
into a form the computer can use.
Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

2. Voice- Input Devices - Audio input devices also known as speech or voice
recognition systems that allow a user to send audio signals to a computer for
processing, recording, or carrying out commands. Audio input devices such as
microphones allow users to speak to the computer in order to record a voice
message or navigate software.
OUTPUT
◦C. Output Devices - Any piece of computer hardware
that displays results after the computer has processed
the input data that has been entered.
OUTPUT DEVICES

◦ 1. Computer Display Monitor- It displays


information in visual form, using text and
graphics. The portion of the monitor that
displays the information is called the screen or
video display terminal.
Types of Monitor

A. CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were


the only type of displays for use with desktop PCs.
They are relatively big (14" to 16" deep) and heavy
(over 15 lbs).
Types of Monitor
a. LCD Monitors - Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology
has been used in laptops for some time. It has recently
been made commercially available as monitors for desktop
PCs.
Types of Monitor
a. LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - A display and lighting
technology used in almost every electrical and electronic product on
the market, from a tiny on/off light to digital readouts, flashlights, traffic
lights and perimeter lighting.
OUTPUT DEVICES
2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution between
them. An electric current passed through the liquid causes the crystals to align so that light cannot
pass through them. Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass through
or blocking the light.
OUTPUT DEVICES
3. Smart Board - A type of display screen that has a touch
sensitive transparent panel covering the screen, which is
simlar to a touch screen.
OUTPUT DEVICES
4. Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.
Types of printer
• Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - Sprays ink at a sheet of
paper. Ink-jet printers produce high-quality text and
graphics.
Types of printer
• Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy
machines. Laser printers produce very high quality text and
graphics.
Types of printer
• LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses
liquid crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a laser to
produce an image on the drum.
Types of printer
• Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins that
print an entire line at one time. Line printers are very fast,
but produce low-quality print.
Types of printer
• Thermal Printer- An inexpensive printer that works by pushing heated
pins against heat-sensitive paper. Thermal printers are widely used in
calculators and fax machines.
Output devices
◦ 5. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built into the system unit or connected with
cables. Speakers allow you to listen to music and hear sound effects from your computer.
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