Lecture # 7 – Node.

js and MongoDb

By Dr. Sidra Sultana

1
Node.js MongoDB
 Node.js can be used in database applications.
 One of the most popular NoSQL database is MongoDB.
 MongoDB
 To be able to experiment with the code examples, you will need
access to a MongoDB database.
 You can download a free MongoDB database at 
https://www.mongodb.com.

2
Install MongoDB Driver
 Let us try to access a MongoDB database with Node.js.
 To download and install the official MongoDB driver,
open the Command Terminal and execute the following:
 Download and install mongodb package:
 C:\Users\Your Name>npm install mongodb
 Now you have downloaded and installed a mongodb
database driver.
 Node.js can use this module to manipulate MongoDB
databases:
 var mongo = require('mongodb');

3
Node.js MongoDB Create Database
 To create a database in MongoDB, start by creating a MongoClient object, then specify
a connection URL with the correct ip address and the name of the database you want to
create.
 MongoDB will create the database if it does not exist, and make a connection to it.
 Example
 Create a database called "mydb":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/mydb";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Database created!");
  db.close();
});

 Important: In MongoDB, a database is not created until it gets content!

4
 Node.js MongoDB Create Collection
 A collection in MongoDB is the same as a table in MySQL
 Creating a Collection
 To create a collection in MongoDB, use the createCollection() method:
 Example
 Create a collection called "customers":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.createCollection("customers", function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("Collection created!");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Important: In MongoDB, a collection is not created until it gets content!
 MongoDB waits until you have inserted a document before it actually creates the collection.
5
 Node.js MongoDB Insert
 To insert a record, or document as it is called in MongoDB, into a collection, we use
the insertOne() method.
 A document in MongoDB is the same as a record in MySQL
 The first parameter of the insertOne() method is an object containing the name(s) and value(s) of each
field in the document you want to insert.
 It also takes a callback function where you can work with any errors, or the result of the insertion:
 Example
 Insert a document in the "customers" collection:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myobj = { name: "Company Inc", address: "Highway 37" };
  dbo.collection("customers").insertOne(myobj, function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("1 document inserted");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Note: If you try to insert documents in a collection that do not exist, MongoDB will create the collection
automatically.
6
Insert Multiple Documents
 To insert multiple documents into a collection in MongoDB, we use the insertMany() method.
 The first parameter of the insertMany() method is an array of objects, containing the data you want to insert.
 Example
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myobj = [
    { name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
    { name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
    { name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
     { name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989'},
    { name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633'}
  ];
  dbo.collection("customers").insertMany(myobj, function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("Number of documents inserted: " + res.insertedCount);
    db.close();
  });
});

7
The Result Object
 When executing the insertMany() method, a result object is returned.
 The result object contains information about how the insertion affected the database.
 The object returned from the example above looked like this:
 {
  result: { ok: 1, n: 5 },
  ops: [
    { name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71', _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84 },
    { name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4', _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85 },
    { name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652', _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86 },
    { name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989', _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a90 },
    { name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633', _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91 } ],
  insertedCount: 5,
  insertedIds: [
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84,
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85,
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86,
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a87,
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a90,
    58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91 ]
}
 The values of the properties can be displayed like this:
 Example
 Return the number of inserted documents:
 console.log(res.insertedCount)
 Which will produce this result:
 5

8
The _id Field
 If you do not specify an _id field, then MongoDB will add one for you and assign a unique id for each document.
 In the example above no _id field was specified, and as you can see from the result object, MongoDB assigned a unique _id for each
document.
 If you do specify the _id field, the value must be unique for each document:
 Example
 Insert three records in a "products" table, with specified _id fields:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myobj = [
    { _id: 154, name: 'Chocolate Heaven'},
    { _id: 155, name: 'Tasty Lemon'},
    { _id: 156, name: 'Vanilla Dream'}
  ];
  dbo.collection("products").insertMany(myobj, function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(res);
    db.close();
  });
});
 Result: {
  result: { ok: 1, n: 3 },
  ops: [
    { _id: 154, name: 'Chocolate Heaven },
    { _id: 155, name: 'Tasty Lemon },
    { _id: 156, name: 'Vanilla Dream } ],
  insertedCount: 3,
  insertedIds: [
    154,
9     155,
    156 ]
Node.js MongoDB Find
 In MongoDB we use the find and findOne methods to find data in a collection.
 Just like the SELECT statement is used to find data in a table in a MySQL database.
 Find One
 To select data from a collection in MongoDB, we can use the findOne() method.
 The findOne() method returns the first occurrence in the selection.
 The first parameter of the findOne() method is a query object. In this example we use an empty query object, which
selects all documents in a collection (but returns only the first document).
 Example
 Find the first document in the customers collection:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").findOne({}, function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result.name);
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 Company Inc.

10
Find All
 To select data from a table in MongoDB, we can also use the find() method.
 The find() method returns all occurrences in the selection.
 The first parameter of the find() method is a query object. In this example we use an empty query object,
which selects all documents in the collection.
 No parameters in the find() method gives you the same result as SELECT * in MySQL.
 Example
 Find all documents in the customers collection:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});
 Result:[
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84 , name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85 , name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86 , name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a90 , name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91 , name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633'}
11]
Find Some
 The second parameter of the find() method is the projection object that describes which
fields to include in the result.
 This parameter is optional, and if omitted, all fields will be included in the result.
 Example
 Return the fields "name" and "address" of all documents in the customers collection:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}, { projection: { _id: 0, name: 1,
address: 1 } }).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

12
Find Some cont’d
 Which will give you this result:
 [
  { name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
  { name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
  { name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
  { name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989'},
  { name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633'}
]
 You are not allowed to specify both 0 and 1 values in the
same object (except if one of the fields is the _id field). If
you specify a field with the value 0, all other fields get the
value 1, and vice versa:
13
Find Some cont’d
 Example
 This example will exclude "address" from the result:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}, { projection:
{ address: 0 } }).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

14
Find Some cont’d
 Example
 This example will return only the "name" field:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}, { projection: { _id: 0,
name: 1 } }).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

15
Find Some cont’d
 Example
 This example will give you the same result as the first example; return all fields
except the _id field:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}, { projection:
{ _id: 0 } }).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

16
Find Some cont’d
 Example
 You get an error if you specify both 0 and 1 values in the same object (except if
one of the fields is the _id field):
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find({}, { projection: { name: 1,
address: 0 } }).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

17
Find Some cont’d
 The Result Object
 As you can see from the result of the example above, the
result can be converted into an array containing each
document as an object.
 To return e.g. the address of the third document, just refer
to the third array object's address property:
 Example
 Return the address of the third document:
 console.log(result[2].address);
 Which will produce this result:
 Apple st 652
18
Node.js MongoDB Query
 When finding documents in a collection, you can filter the result by using a query
object.
 The first argument of the find() method is a query object, and is used to limit the
search.
 Example
 Find documents with the address "Park Lane 38":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var query = { address: "Park Lane 38" };
  dbo.collection("customers").find(query).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});
 Result:[  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8e , name: 'Ben', address: 'Park Lane 38' }]
19
Filter With Regular Expressions
 You can write regular expressions to find exactly what you are searching for.
 Regular expressions can only be used to query strings.
 To find only the documents where the "address" field starts with the letter "S", use the regular expression  /^S/:
 Example
 Find documents where the address starts with the letter "S":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var query = { address: /^S/ };
  dbo.collection("customers").find(query).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 [
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8b , name: 'Richard', address: 'Sky st 331' },
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91 , name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633' }
]

20
Node.js MongoDB Sort
 Sort the Result
 Use the sort() method to sort the result in ascending or descending order.
 The sort() method takes one parameter, an object defining the sorting order.
 Example
 Sort the result alphabetically by name:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var mysort = { name: 1 };
  dbo.collection("customers").find().sort(mysort).toArray(function(err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

21
Node.js MongoDB Sort cont’d
 Which will give you this result:
 [
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86, name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8e, name: 'Ben', address: 'Park Lane 38'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8a, name: 'Betty', address: 'Green Grass 1'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a90, name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a87, name: 'Hannah', address: 'Mountain 21'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84, name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a88, name: 'Michael', address: 'Valley 345'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85, name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8b, name: 'Richard', address: 'Sky st 331'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a89, name: 'Sandy', address: 'Ocean blvd 2'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8c, name: 'Susan', address: 'One way 98'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8d, name: 'Vicky', address: 'Yellow Garden 2'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91, name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8f, name: 'William', address: 'Central st 954'}
]

22
Node.js MongoDB Delete
 o delete a record, or document as it is called in MongoDB, we use the deleteOne() method.
 The first parameter of the deleteOne() method is a query object defining which document to delete.
 Note: If the query finds more than one document, only the first occurrence is deleted.
 Example
 Delete the document with the address "Mountain 21":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myquery = { address: 'Mountain 21' };
  dbo.collection("customers").deleteOne(myquery, function(err, obj) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("1 document deleted");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 1 document deleted

23
Delete Many
 To delete more than one document, use the deleteMany() method.
 The first parameter of the deleteMany() method is a query object defining which documents to delete.
 Example
 Delete all documents were the address starts with the letter "O":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myquery = { address: /^O/ };
  dbo.collection("customers").deleteMany(myquery, function(err, obj) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(obj.result.n + " document(s) deleted");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 2 document(s) deleted

24
The Result Object
 The deleteMany() method returns an object which contains
information about how the execution affected the database.
 Most of the information is not important to understand, but one object
inside the object is called "result" which tells us if the execution went
OK, and how many documents were affected.
 The result object looks like this:
 { n: 2, ok: 1 }
 You can use this object to return the number of deleted documents:
 Example
 Return the number of deleted documents:
 console.log(obj.result.n);
 Which will produce this result:
 2
25
Node.js MongoDB Drop
 You can delete a table, or collection as it is called in MongoDB, by using the drop() method.
 The drop() method takes a callback function containing the error object and the result
parameter which returns true if the collection was dropped successfully, otherwise it returns
false.
 Example
 Delete the "customers" table:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").drop(function(err, delOK) {
    if (err) throw err;
    if (delOK) console.log("Collection deleted");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 Collection deleted

26
db.dropCollection
 You can also use the dropCollection() method to delete a table (collection).
 The dropCollection() method takes two parameters: the name of the collection and a callback function.
 Example
 Delete the "customers" collection, using dropCollection():
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.dropCollection("customers", function(err, delOK) {
    if (err) throw err;
    if (delOK) console.log("Collection deleted");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 Collection deleted

27
Node.js MongoDB Update
 You can update a record, or document as it is called in MongoDB, by using the updateOne() method.
 The first parameter of the updateOne() method is a query object defining which document to update.
 Note: If the query finds more than one record, only the first occurrence is updated.
 The second parameter is an object defining the new values of the document.
 Example
 Update the document with the address "Valley 345" to name="Mickey" and address="Canyon 123":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myquery = { address: "Valley 345" };
  var newvalues = { $set: {name: "Mickey", address: "Canyon 123" } };
  dbo.collection("customers").updateOne(myquery, newvalues, function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("1 document updated");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 1 document updated

28
Update Only Specific Fields
 When using the $set operator, only the specified fields are
updated:
 Example
 Update the address from "Valley 345" to "Canyon 123":
 ...
  var myquery = { address: "Valley 345" };
  var newvalues = { $set: { address: "Canyon 123" } };
 
dbo.collection("customers").updateOne(myquery, newval
ues, function(err, res) {
...

29
Update Many Documents
 To update all documents that meets the criteria of the query, use the updateMany() method.
 Example
 Update all documents where the name starts with the letter "S":
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  var myquery = { address: /^S/ };
  var newvalues = {$set: {name: "Minnie"} };
  dbo.collection("customers").updateMany(myquery, newvalues, function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(res.result.nModified + " document(s) updated");
    db.close();
  });
});
 Which will give you this result:
 2 document(s) updated

30
The Result Object
 The updateOne() and the updateMany() methods return an object which
contains information about how the execution affected the database.
 Most of the information is not important to understand, but one object inside
the object is called "result" which tells us if the execution went OK, and
how many documents were affected.
 The result object looks like this:
 { n: 1, nModified: 2, ok: 1 }
 You can use this object to return the number of updated documents:
 Example
 Return the number of updated documents:
 console.log(res.result.nModified);
 Which will produce this result:
 2

31
Node.js MongoDB Limit
 Limit the Result
 To limit the result in MongoDB, we use the limit() method.
 The limit() method takes one parameter, a number defining how many documents to return.
 Consider you have a "customers" collection:
 customers
 [
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84 , name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85 , name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86 , name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a87 , name: 'Hannah', address: 'Mountain 21'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a88 , name: 'Michael', address: 'Valley 345'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a89 , name: 'Sandy', address: 'Ocean blvd 2'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8a , name: 'Betty', address: 'Green Grass 1'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8b , name: 'Richard', address: 'Sky st 331'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8c , name: 'Susan', address: 'One way 98'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8d , name: 'Vicky', address: 'Yellow Garden 2'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8e , name: 'Ben', address: 'Park Lane 38'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a8f , name: 'William', address: 'Central st 954'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a90 , name: 'Chuck', address: 'Main Road 989'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a91 , name: 'Viola', address: 'Sideway 1633'}
]
32
Node.js MongoDB Limit cont’d
 Example
 Limit the result to only return 5 documents:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection("customers").find().limit(5).toArray(function(err, result)
{
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
    db.close();
  });
});

33
Node.js MongoDB Limit cont’d
 Save the code above in a file called "demo_mongodb_limit.js" and run the file:
 Run "demo_mongodb_limit.js"
 C:\Users\Your Name>node demo_mongodb_limit.js
 Which will give you this result:
 customers
 [
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a84 , name: 'John', address: 'Highway 71'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a85 , name: 'Peter', address: 'Lowstreet 4'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a86 , name: 'Amy', address: 'Apple st 652'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a87 , name: 'Hannah', address: 'Mountain 21'},
  { _id: 58fdbf5c0ef8a50b4cdd9a88 , name: 'Michael', address: 'Valley 345'}
]
 As you can see from the result above, only the 5 first documents were returned.

34
Node.js MongoDB Join
 Join Collections
 MongoDB is not a relational database, but you can perform a left outer join by using
the $lookup stage.
 The $lookup stage lets you specify which collection you want to join with the
current collection, and which fields that should match.
 Consider you have a "orders" collection and a "products" collection:
 orders
 [
  { _id: 1, product_id: 154, status: 1 }
]
 products
 [
  { _id: 154, name: 'Chocolate Heaven' },
  { _id: 155, name: 'Tasty Lemons' },
  { _id: 156, name: 'Vanilla Dreams' }
]

35
Node.js MongoDB Join cont’d
 Example
 Join the matching "products" document(s) to the "orders" collection:
 var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
  if (err) throw err;
  var dbo = db.db("mydb");
  dbo.collection('orders').aggregate([
    { $lookup:
       {
         from: 'products',
         localField: 'product_id',
         foreignField: '_id',
         as: 'orderdetails'
       }
     }
    ]).toArray(function(err, res) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(JSON.stringify(res));
    db.close();
  });
});

36
Node.js MongoDB Join cont’d
 Which will give you this result:
 [
  { "_id": 1, "product_id": 154, "status": 1, "orderdetails": [
    { "_id": 154, "name": "Chocolate Heaven" } ]
 }
]
 As you can see from the result above, the matching
document from the products collection is included in the
orders collection as an array.

37
Any Query?

38
 Thanks

39