Introduction

FUNCTION
General Mathematics
 CONTENTS
Relation and Function
Representations of Functions
Evaluation of Function
X (Input/Domain) Y(Output/Range)
Ordered Pair (x , y)
SET A
(Loonyo, Ivana)
(Daniel, Kathryn)
(Xian, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Bea)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
Ordered Pair (x , y)

SET A RELATION
RELATION
is a set of ordered pairs.
(Loonyo, Ivana)
(Danie, Kathryn)
(Xian, Kim) Can we consider Set A
(John Lloyd, Kim)
as RELATION?
(John Lloyd, Bea)
Click...
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 But...what makes Set
A a relation? Click...

Set A is a set of
Set A is related
ordered pairs so
to Set B it is a relation.
Try to think of it again...

Relation is a set of ordered

pairs, right?

CLICK ME TO GO
BACK
 Ordered Pair (x , y)

SET A
(Loonyo, Ivana)
is a RELATION
RELATION
(Danie, Kathryn) is a set of ordered pairs.
(Xian, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Kim) Can we consider Set A
(John Lloyd, Bea) as RELATION?
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim) Set A is a set of
(Gerald, Julia) ordered pairs so
it is a relation.
X (Input/Domain) Y(Output/Range)
Ordered Pair (x , y)

SET B

(Ivana, Xian)
(Kathryn, Daniel)
(Kim, Xian)
(Bea, Xian)
(Julia, Gerald)
Ordered Pair (x , y)

SET B
Is Set B a relation?
(Ivana, Xian)
(Kathryn, Daniel)
(Kim, Xian)
(Bea, Xian)
(Julia, Gerald)
Ordered Pair (x , y)

SET B
Is Set B a relation?
(Ivana, Xian)
(Kathryn, Daniel)
(Kim, Xian)
(Bea, Xian)
(Julia, Gerald) Set B is a
set of
ordered
pairs too.
 Let's observe and
compare!

SET A What are SET B

(Loonyo, Ivana) your (Ivana, Xian)
(Danie, Kathryn) observations (Kathryn, Daniel)
(Xian, Kim) ? (Kim, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Kim) (Bea, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Bea) (Julia, Gerald)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 Let's observe and
compare!

SET A Is there something similar about SET B

(Loonyo, Ivana) the two? (Ivana, Xian)
(Daniel, Kathryn) (Kathryn, Daniel)
(Xian, Kim) (Kim, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Bea)
YES! (Bea, Xian)
(Julia, Gerald)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 Let's observe and
compare!

SET A What are the similarities? SET B

(Loonyo, Ivana) (Ivana, Xian)
(Daniel, Kathryn) (Kathryn, Daniel)
(Xian, Kim) They are both (Kim, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Kim)
sets of ordered
(Bea, Xian)
pairs! Thus,
(John Lloyd, Bea) (Julia, Gerald)
they are both
(Gerald, Bea)
RELATIONS!
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 Let's observe and
compare!

SET A A
RELATION SET B B
RELATION

(Loonyo, Ivana) (Ivana, Xian)

(Danie, Kathryn) (Kathryn, Daniel)
(Xian, Kim) (Kim, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Kim)
RELATIONS (Bea, Xian)
(John Lloyd, Bea) (Julia, Gerald)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 Let's observe and
compare!

What are their differences?

SET A A
RELATION RELATION B
In B, There are
(Loonyo, Ivana) (Ivana, Xian) no repeating
In A, there are
(Daniel, Kathryn) (Kathryn, Daniel) input(x) but
repeating input (x) there are
and output (y). (Xian, Kim) (Kim, Xian) repeating
(John Lloyd, Kim) (Bea, Xian) output (y).
(John Lloyd, Bea) (Julia, Gerald)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
RELATION

FUNCTION
A relation in which each element of
the domain (x) corresponds to
exactly one element of the range(y).

For every input(x)

there is only one
output(y).
 f(x)

There is exactly one

output for each input!

The x-value should

only appear once in
a set!
 For every input(x) there is only one
output(y).
SET A A
RELATION

FUNCTION?
(Loonyo, Ivana)
(Daniel, Kathryn)
(Xian, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Kim)
(John Lloyd, Bea)
(Gerald, Bea)
(Gerald, Kim)
(Gerald, Julia)
 For every input(x) there is only one
output(y).
RELATION B

FUNCTION?
(Ivana, Xian)
(Kathryn, Daniel)
(Kim, Xian)
(Bea, Xian)
(Julia, Gerald)
REPRESENTATIONS OF Machine

FUNCTION Ordered Word

Graph
Pair Problem
(5 , 9)
(7 , 6)
(2 ,-3)
(-5, 5)

Mapping Table of
Equation
Diagram Values
 Mapping
1 Diagram

One-to-Many
Relation

NOT A FUNCTION
 Mapping
1 Diagram

Many-to-One
Relation

FUNCTION
 Mapping
1 Diagram

Input Output
Many-to-Many
Relation

NOT A FUNCTION
2 Ordered
Pair
Not a
Set of Ordered Pairs Function
Function
1.

2.
(7, a) , (6, a) , (-7, a), (9, a)

3.
3 Table of
Values

x 1 -1 11 1 4
F NF
y 2 1 4 0 3

x 1 2 3 4 5
y 6 6 6 6 6
F NF

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
F NF
y -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
4 Graph

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y 4 1 0 1 4

How to know if a given

graph is a function or
not?
 It is a function if and
4 Graph only if no vertical line
intersects the graph in
more than one point.
Use the
VERTICAL
LINE
TEST!
 It is a function if and only if no
4 Graph vertical line intersects the graph
in more than one point.

FUNCTION OR NOT?
Only one intersection in all parts of the graph
4 Graph
Apply the Vertical Line
Test

NOT A NOT A
FUNCTION
FUNCTION FUNCTION
5 Equation

y=x-6
1. Evaluate y = x - 6
if x=1
y=1-6
y = -5
(1, -5)
FUNCTION
5 Equation
y = 2x2 + 1
2. Evaluate:
y = 2x2 + 1 if x=3
y = 2(3)2 + 1
y = 2(9) + 1
y = 18 + 1
y = 19
FUNCTION
(3, 19)
5 Equation
y  x 2
3. Evaluate:
y  4 2
y  x  2 if x=4
y  2  2
y  22 y  2  2
y0 y  4
NOT A
FUNCTION (4,0) (4,-4)
 Word
6 Problem Function

y = f(x)

Range / Domain/
Output Input
 6 Word
Problem

Alucard started selling homemade food online. Everyday he

spends P150 worth of gasoline for the delivery and P30 for
each meal item he prepares.

A. Represent his daily expenses as a function

of the number of items he prepares.

Let's use
x = number of items
f(x) = 150 + 30x
f (x) = Daily expenses
constant cost for
cost of gasoline each meal
 Word
6 Problem
B. How much are his expenses if
he prepares 100 meal items? 150
meal items?
Using f(x) = 150 + 30x
where x= number of items

x =100 x =150
f(100) = 150 + 30 (100) f(150) = 150 + 30 (150)
f(100) = 150 + 3000 f(150) = 150 + 4500
f(100) = 3,150 f(150) = 4,650

Therefore, his daily expenses is

3,150 for 100 meals while he will
spent 4,650 for 150 meals.
 Word
6 Problem

To follow safety health protocols, Layla wanted

to buy bulk orders of face masks for his family
and friends. Each face mask cost P35.

a. Give a function Let's use

that can x = number of face mask f(x) =35x
f (x) = cost
represent the
cost of buying x number
cost of
face mask face mask of face
mask
 Word
6 Problem

To follow safety health protocols, Layla wanted

to buy bulk orders of face masks for his family
and friends. Each face mask cost P35.

b. How much f(x) =35x

would it cost her
to buy 25 pieces
f(25) =35(25) Therefore, it will cost
Layla 875 to buy 25
of face masks? f(25) = 875 pieces of face masks.
FUNCTION
AS A MACHINE
FUNCTION AS A MACHINE

3 7 x
put (x) put (x) put

Add 3 Add 3 x+3

put (y) put (y) put
6 10 y
FUNCTION AS A MACHINE

5 6

5x 5x x-2

15 ?25
? ?
4
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION
1) f(x) = x3 - 2x + 3; f(2)
f(2) = (2)3 - 2(2) + 3
Substitute
the value of x f(2) = 8 - 4 + 3
f(2) = 4 + 3
f(2) = 7
(2, 7)
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION
2) f(x) = 2x - 1 a. f(-2) = 2x - 1
f(-2) = 2(-2) - 1
a. f(-2) f(-2) = -4 - 1
b. f(0)
f(-2) = -5
c. f(0.5)
(-2, -5)
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION
2) f(x) = 2x - 1 b. f(0) = 2x - 1
f(0) = 2(0) - 1
a. f(-2) f(0) = 0 - 1
b. f(0)
f(0) = -1
c. f(0.5)
(0, -1)
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION
2) f(x) = 2x - 1 c. f(0.5) = 2x - 1
f(0.5) = 2(0.5) - 1
a. f(-2) f(0.5) = 1 - 1
b. f(0)
f(0.5) = 0
c. f(0.5)
(0.5, 0)
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION 8
3) g(x) = 8 a. g(-4) = x2
x2
8
a. g(-4) g(-4) = 42
b. g(6) 8
g(-4) = 2
g(-4) = -4
(-4, -4)
EVALUATION OF

FUNCTION 8
3) g(x) = 8 b. g(6) = x2
x2
8
a. g(-4) g(6) = 62
b. g(6) 8
g(6) = 8
g(6) = 1
(6, 1)
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

FACT
(12,6) (6,12) (5,6) (7,12) (8,6)
BLUFF
Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

-5
-4 FACT
7
3
12
13
2
1
BLUFF
20
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

FACT
x -1 0 1 2 2 6
y 0 1 3 4 4 2
BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

FACT
y = 3 + 2x - x 4
BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

5
FACT

BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

6
FACT
y - 3x - 5 = 0
2
BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

7
FACT

BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

8 A 1
FACT
B 2
C 3
D 4 BLUFF
E 5
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

9
FACT
y  x 1 2
BLUFF
 Determine whether the given relation is a
function (fact) or not (bluff).

10
FACT

BLUFF
SEATWORK
I. Given the function f(x) = 4x - 3, find:
a. f(3)
b. f(-1)
c. f(0.2)
II. A car has a 48-liter gas tank. On an expressway trip, the
car can consume 5 liters of gas per hour.
a. Represent the number of remaining gas in the tank as a function
of the number of hours travelled.
b. After traveling for 6 hours, how many liters of gas are left?
PONDER!
Share your thoughts about the
passage:
“All functions are
relations but not all
relations are
functions.”
 THANK
YOU
Prepared by:
Ms. Kim Gabrielle M. Del Puerto