The Fourth

Industrial
Revolution
(ROT308)

Syndicate Group 6 – SLEMBA

BPOM 2020
SYNDICATE GROUP 6
SLEMBA
member
01 Ely Rahmawati (29320072)

02 Novia Hestiningrum (29320158)

03 Perdhana Ari Sudewo (29320108)
04 Rahajeng Puput Aryani (29320130)
05 Rahma Yulianti (29320191)
06 Terry Yessi Evelin (29320031)
Revolution
Industry 4.0
The fourth industrial revolution is not just about smart and connected machines and systems. It is the
fusion of these technologies — and their interaction across the physical, digital and biological
domains —
4 Industrial Revolution Steps

01 1st Industrial Revolution

The First Industrial Revolution began in the
03 3rd Industrial Revolution

The Third Industrial Revolution began 1960 s. It is

18th century Triggered by the construction of usually called the computer or digital revolution.
railroads and the invention of the steam engine, Mainframe computing (1960), Personal
and mechanisation of production Computing (1970 and 1980), and the internet (1990)

02 2nd Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution began in
04 4th Industrial Revolution
We are currently implementing the Fourth
the 19th century through the discovery Industrial Revolution (digital revolution). It is
of electricity and assembly line characterized by a range of new technologies that
production.  are fusing the physical, digital and biological
worlds, impacting all disciplines, economies and
industries
 Factors that may limit potential the
Fourth Industrial Revolution

1. 2.
First, the levels of leadership and The world lacks a consistent, positive and common
understanding of the changes underway — narrative that outlines the opportunities and challenges
across sectors — are low, when contrasted of the fourth industrial revolution — a narrative that is
with the need to rethink our economic, social essential if we are to empower a diverse set of
and political systems to respond to the individuals and communities and avoid a backlash
current revolution. against the fundamental changes underway
● To give a sense of what this means at the aggregate level, compare Detroit in 1990 — then a major
centre of traditional industries — with Silicon Valley in 2014: in 1990
● A unit of wealth is created today with so many fewer workers compared to 15 years ago is possible
because digital businesses have marginal costs that tend towards zero

3 biggest Capitalization Revenues Employees

Companies in
Detroit
1990 $36 billion $250 1.2 million
billion
2014 $1.09 trillion $247 137,000
billion
Three Categories Of Megatrends

Physical Megatrends

Digital Megatrends

Biological Megatrends
 1. Physical Megatrends
Autonomous Vehicles 3D Printing Advanced robotics
The Drivesless Car, This technology is being used in a
Robots are increasingly used for a
autonomous vehicles (Truck, broad range of applications, from
large (wind turbines) to small wide range of tasks, from precision
Drone, Aircraft and Boat) agriculture to nursing
(medical implants). For the moment,
it is primarily limited to applications
in the automotive, aerospace and
medical industries.

New Material
Take advanced nanomaterials such as graphene, which is about 200-times stronger than
steel, a million-times thinner than a human hair, and an efficient conductor of heat and
electricity
 2. Digital Megatrends

One of the main bridges between the physical and digital applications enabled by the fourth industrial
revolution is the Internet of Things (IoT). In it’s simplest form, the IoT can be described as a
relationship between things (products, services, places, etc.) and people that is made possible by
connected technologies and various platforms.

Platforms
As the fourth industrial revolution unfolds, platforms are repeatedly disrupting ‘pipes’,
leveraging their lower transaction costs. To fight disruption, you need to closely
evaluate your business model and identify transaction costs that could be eliminated
in the future. Information-intensive industries have been the first to be disrupted, but
make no mistake: more regulated industries like banking, education and healthcare
will soon feel the pressure
 The Disruptive Power of Platforms
a. Efficient Pipelines Beat Inefficient Ones
The Internet X Newspapers

Newspapers were rapidly disrupted because of the Internet’s ability to deliver news
globally for free

Amazon X Borders

Amazon’s rise as an e-commerce store triggered the fall of retailers like Borders while also putting many
traditional mom-and-pop stores out of business because they could not compete with Amazon’s superior
distribution economics.

Netflix X Blockbluster
Netflix, likewise, beat Blockbuster by leveraging a data-rich pipeline to first disrupt rentals and then subsequently
change the game to streaming
b. Platforms Beat Pipelines

The most successful businesses on the Internet today are platforms, and their rapid scaling is enabled
by a combination of four factors

Minimal Marginal
Cost Of Expansion Network Effect

Platforms

Virality Intelegence
Discussion on Digital Megatrends : HALODOC
ASPECT PRO’s CON’s
Time is Disclaimer : simplify patient’s Limited time consultation,
MONEY journey from 4 hours to 35 mins discriminates against people in
& Easier to access remote area
DIGITAL Better accuracy (combine Bugs & data crashes
application professional + AI)
RELATIONS Advantage during pandemic Lack of personal contacts, high
HIP (physical distancing), busy risk patient can’t be replaced by
persons, shy or socially awkward virtual assessment
BIG DATA Comprehensive & integration Security issues
LEGACY & Good support from governance Drug abuse/ illegal misconduct
POLICY
 3. Biological Megatrends
Human Genom > It took more than 10 years — at a cost of $2.7 billion

Syntentetic Biologiy > It will provide us with the ability to customize organisms by ‘writing’ DNA

The ability to ‘edit’ biology can be applied to practically any cell type, enabling the creation of
genetically-modified plants or animals, as well as modifying the cells of adult organisms including
humans. The list of potential applications is virtually endless — ranging from the ability to modify
animals so that they can be raised on a more diet economical or better suited to local conditions, to
creating food crops that are capable of withstanding extreme temperatures or drought.
Ethical issues that arise from modern biotechnologies include the availability and use of privileged
information, potential for ecological harm, access to new drugs and treatments, and the idea of interfering
with nature. Applications include agriculture and health care.
In general, it seems that a biotechnology will eventually be
considered ethical if evidence accumulates demonstrating that it
does no harm.
Impact of the Fourth Revolution Industry

Econom
y

Individua
Business
l

Society Nation
Economi
1. Creating economic growth
2. Technologies will change character of
employment
3. Robots will substitute capital for labour
4. Inequality in most countries is rising
5. Societies fragmentation
6. Only People who have innovation,
providing new ideas, business-models,
products and services can be successful.
7. People who can offer only low-skilled
labor or ordinary capital can not take
more advantages
Business
1. Customers have many choices to fulfill
their expectations
2. Easy to find data and analysis to keep
continuous improvements
3. Collaboration from upstream to
downstream
4. The company must be ready to always
evolving
National

Technology will increasingly enable

citizen providing a new way to voice
their opinions
Society
1. One effect of the digitalization is the
emergence of the “me centered”society
2. The willingness to be part of the
community is determined by personal
projects, individual values ​and interests
3. Easy access to online digital media
provides great benefits for many people
4. But also has a negative effect because it
can be used to spread propaganda and
to mobilize followers in favor of extremist
causes
 Individual
1. The fourth industrial revolution also
change our identity : behaviour,
privacy, ownership, consumtion, the for
work
2. There will be segmentation who adapt
from those who resist
 The Losses The Advantages
• The movement of workers by
• Disrupt labor markets
technology, will result in a net
• Displacement of workers by increase in safe and
machines might exacerbate rewarding work.
the GAP between returns to • Nations have become
capital and returns to labor. wealthier, and technologies
• Privacy is one the biggest have helped pull entire
societies out of poverty
challenge
• People always connected
 Ethical risks concerning relationship human-machine
systems in industry 4.0
Programmed common sense and bad conscience
• The risk is that these decisions may be non-ethical if there is no programmed common sense

Decisional ambiguity
• The risk is then related to the emergence of bad habits or poor decisions learned “in good faith” by machines

Mutual interaction
• The risk is that mutual adjustment may sometimes be impossible, and in the event of problems, responsibilities
would be hard to assign.
Master-slave dependency
• The risk is that they become progressively dependent on the machines to complete these functions

Emotional dependency
• The risk is that a kind of emotional dependence develops, accompanied by overconfidence in the ability of the
machine to support one’s tasks, even in unexpected situations: “whatever happens, my machine will be there for
me”

Source : www.scienedirect.com, IFAC PapersOnLine 52-19 (2019) 19–24

How to respond the fourth revolution industry???

1. Ensure that 4th Rev Industry benefit for human is a first, empowering them, and
remember all of these new technologies are made by people for people
2. We have the opportunity and even responsibility to give it structure and purpose
3. Ensuring the benefits of 4th Rev Industry can be felt all of people, not only just a
small part
4. The 4th Rev Industry is within the control of all of us as long as we are able to
collaborate across geographies, sectors and disciplines to grasp the opportunities
it presents.

To be continued in the 5th revolution industry

THANK YOU