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    Meter and Poetic Foot

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    Ivy Mae Sagang
    This document discusses poetic meter and feet. It defines syllables, stresses, and scansion. There are five main poetic feet - iambic, trochaic, anapestic, dactylic, and spondaic - which are determined by patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Poetic meter combines feet into lines using combinations like dimeter, trimeter, and pentameter. Common meters include iambic pentameter and anapestic tetrameter. Examples are provided of well-known poems that demonstrate different feet and meters.

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    Meter and Poetic Foot

    Uploaded by

    Ivy Mae Sagang
    1K views27 pages
    This document discusses poetic meter and feet. It defines syllables, stresses, and scansion. There are five main poetic feet - iambic, trochaic, anapestic, dactylic, and spondaic - which are determined by patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Poetic meter combines feet into lines using combinations like dimeter, trimeter, and pentameter. Common meters include iambic pentameter and anapestic tetrameter. Examples are provided of well-known poems that demonstrate different feet and meters.

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    Meter and Poetic foot

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    This document discusses poetic meter and feet. It defines syllables, stresses, and scansion. There are five main poetic feet - iambic, trochaic, anapestic, dactylic, and spondaic - which are determined by patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Poetic meter combines feet into lines using combinations like dimeter, trimeter, and pentameter. Common meters include iambic pentameter and anapestic tetrameter. Examples are provided of well-known poems that demonstrate different feet and meters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    1K views27 pages

    Meter and Poetic Foot

    Uploaded by

    Ivy Mae Sagang
    This document discusses poetic meter and feet. It defines syllables, stresses, and scansion. There are five main poetic feet - iambic, trochaic, anapestic, dactylic, and spondaic - which are determined by patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Poetic meter combines feet into lines using combinations like dimeter, trimeter, and pentameter. Common meters include iambic pentameter and anapestic tetrameter. Examples are provided of well-known poems that demonstrate different feet and meters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    T he Rhythm of

    Poetr y:

    Syllable - Poetic feet - Meter


    Syllables
    • English words have clear syllables.
    • We can usually divide words into
    syllables easily.
    • We can also determine which syllables to
    emphasize, or “stress” in each word.
    For example:
    • Angel = AN-gel  (not an-GEL)
    • Complete = com-PLETE  (not COM-plete)
    More Syllables
    • poem = PO-em…….(1 stressed + 1 unstressed)

    • poetry = PO-e-try…….(1 stressed + 2 unstressed)

    • relief = re-LIEF……. (1 unstressed + 1 stressed)

    • recommend = re-com-MEND……. (2 unstressed + 1 stressed)

    • discomfort = dis-COM-fort… (1 unstressed + 1 stressed + 1 unstressed)

    • entertainment = en-ter-TAIN-ment (2 unstressed + 1 stressed + 1 unstressed)


    Scansion
    • (1) the act of scanning, or analyzing poetry
    in terms of its rhythmic components
    • (2) the graphic representation,
    indicated by marked accents, feet, etc.,
    of the rhythm of a line or lines of verse
    – You may have seen scansion marks like the
    following:
    The curved lines are
    “unstressed” syllables while the
    straight slashes are “stressed”
    Poetic Meter
    • Meters are the rhythms within poems.
    • Meters are the arrangement of
    stressed/unstressed syllables to
    occur at apparently equal intervals.
    • Metered verse has prescribed rules as
    to the number and placement of
    syllables used per line.
    Poetic Foot
    • A poetic foot is a repeated sequence
    of rhythm comprised of two or more
    stressed and/or unstressed syllables.
    • Poetic meter is comprised of poetic
    feet
    Five main patterns to poetic feet:

    1. Iambic
    2. Trochaic
    3. Anapestic
    4. Dactylic
    5. Spondaic
    Iambic pattern
    • 1 unstressed syllable followed by
    1 stressed syllable
    • EXAMPLES:
    – repose (re-POSE)
    – belief (be-LIEF)
    – complete (com-PLETE)
    Trochaic Pattern
    • 1 stressed syllable followed by
    1 unstressed syllable
    • EXAMPLES:
    – garland (GAR-land)
    – speaking (SPEAK-ing)
    – value (VAL-ue)
    Anapestic pattern
    • 2 unstressed syllables followed by
    1 stressed syllable
    • EXAMPLES:
    – on the road
    – interrupt (in-ter-RUPT)
    – unabridged, contradict, engineer,
    masquerade, Galilee
    Dactylic pattern
    • 1 stressed syllable followed by 2
    unstressed syllables
    • EXAMPLE:
    – happiness (HAP-pi-ness)
    – galloping (GAL-lop-ing)
    – fortunate, Saturday, daffodil, murmuring,
    rhapsody
    Spondaic Pattern
    • All syllables have equal stress
    • EXAMPLE:
    – Heartbreak
    – “Out, out…”
    – "pen-knife," "ad hoc," "heartburn"
    The Iambic foot
    • The iamb = (1 unstressed syllable + 1 stressed syllable) is the
    most common poetic foot in English verse.
    • iambic foot examples:
    – behold
    – destroy
    – the sun (articles such as “the” would be considered unstressed syllables)
    – and watch (conjunctions such as and would be considered unstressed
    syllables)
    Lines containing iambic feet
    • Behold / and watch / the sun / destroy / and grow (5 iambs)
    • When I / do COUNT / the CLOCK / that TELLS / the
    TIME [Shakespeare’s Sonnet 12] (5 iambs)

    • Shall I / compare /thee to / a sum / mer's day?


    [Shakespeare’s Sonnet 12] (5 iambs)

    • Come live/ with me/ and be/ my love (4 iambs)


    (poem by Christopher Marlowe)
    Trochaic poem: a stressed syllable
    followed by an unstressed one
    Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's “The Song of Hiawatha”
    By the / shores of / Gitche / Gumee,
    By the / shining / Big-Sea /-Water,
    Stood the / wigwam / of No / komis,
    Daughter / of the / Moon, No / komis.
    Dark behind it rose the forest,
    Rose the black and gloomy pine-trees,
    Rose the firs with cones upon them;
    Bright before' it beat the water,
    Beat the clear and sunny water,
    Beat the shining Big-Sea-
    Water.
    Anapestic poetry: 2 unstressed syllables + 1 stressed one
    Limericks contain anapestic meter (in blue)

    A Limerick by Edward Lear:


    There was / an Old Man / with a beard,
    Who said, "It is just / as I feared!
    Two Owls / and a Hen,
    Four Larks / and a Wren,
    Have all / built their nests /
    in my beard!"
    Dactylic poem: 1 stressed + 2 unstressed

    Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred, Lord Tennyson


    Half a league, / half a league,
    Half a league / onward,
    All in the / valley of / Death
    Rode the / six hundred.
    "Forward, the / Light Brigade!
    Charge for the / guns!" he said:
    Into the / valley of /
    Death
    Rode the / six hundred.
    Spondaic Poem: 2 equal syllables
    • Because of this nature of the spondee,
    a serious poem cannot be solely
    spondaic.
    • It would be almost impossible to construct
    a poem entirely of stressed syllables.
    • Therefore, the spondee usually
    occurs within a poem having another
    dominant rhythm scheme.
    Combinations of Poetic Feet
    • One foot per line: monometer
    • Two feet per line : dimeter
    • Three feet per line : trimeter
    • Four feet per line : tetrameter
    • Five feet per line : pentameter
    • Six feet per line : hexameter
    Type + Number = Meter
    Types of Poetic Feet Number of feet per line
    • Iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed) • Monometer
    • Trochaic (1 stressed + 1 unstressed) • Dimeter
    • Anapestic (2 unstressed + 1 stressed) • Trimeter
    • Dactylic (1 stressed + 2 unstressed) • Tetrameter
    • Spondaic (all syllables equal) • Pentameter
    • Hexameter
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 1 foot per line, and
    the foot was iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed),
    what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Iambic
    monometer
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 2 feet per line, and
    the foot was iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed),
    what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Iambic
    dimeter
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 3 feet per line, and
    the foot was iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed),
    what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Iambic trimeter
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 4 feet per line, and
    the foot was iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed),
    what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Iambic tetrameter
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 5 feet per line, and
    the foot was iambic (1 unstressed + 1 stressed),
    what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Iambic pentameter
    Meters & Feet
    • Q: If a poem had 3 feet per line, and
    the foot was trochaic (1 stressed +1
    unstressed), what type of poem would it be?

    • A: Trochaic tetrameter
    Go ahead…
    experiment with
    different metric styles
    in your own poetry!
    End of presentation.

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