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Additional Problems On Rotation

1) A wheel is mounted on a frictionless axle with a massless cord wrapped around it. A 2 kg box is attached to the cord and slides down an inclined plane at 2 m/s^2. 2) Using the analogy between rotational and translational motion, the angular acceleration of the wheel equals the linear acceleration of the box divided by the radius of the wheel. 3) Setting the torque equal to the product of the rotational inertia and angular acceleration yields an equation to calculate the rotational inertia of the wheel.

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Jahidul Hasan
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83 views

Additional Problems On Rotation

1) A wheel is mounted on a frictionless axle with a massless cord wrapped around it. A 2 kg box is attached to the cord and slides down an inclined plane at 2 m/s^2. 2) Using the analogy between rotational and translational motion, the angular acceleration of the wheel equals the linear acceleration of the box divided by the radius of the wheel. 3) Setting the torque equal to the product of the rotational inertia and angular acceleration yields an equation to calculate the rotational inertia of the wheel.

Uploaded by

Jahidul Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration :

When the angular acceleration  is constant we can derive simple expressions


that give us the angular velocity  and the angular position  as a function of
time. We could derive these equations in the same way we did in Chapter 2.
Instead we will simply write the solutions by exploiting the analogy between
translational and rotational motion using the following correspondence
between the two motions.

Translational Motion Rotational Motion


x  
v  
a  
v  v0  at    0   t (eq. 1)
at 2 t2
x  xo  v0t       0 t  (eq. 2)
2 2
v 2  v02  2a  x  xo    2  02  2     0  (eq. 3) (10-6)
Example: An electric motor rotating a grinding wheel at 100 rev/min is
switched off. Assuming constant negative angular acceleration of
magnitude 2.00 rad/s2,
(a) How long does it take the wheel to stop?
(b) Through how many radians does it turn during the time found in (a)?
Example: An electric motor rotating a grinding wheel at 100 rev/min is
switched off. Assuming constant negative angular acceleration of
magnitude 2.00 rad/s2,
(a) How long does it take the wheel to stop?
(b) Through how many radians does it turn during the time found in (a)?

When the wheel has stopped then of course its angular velocity is zero
Example: As shown in the figure, three masses, of 1.5 kg each, are
fastened at fixed position to a very light rod pivoted at one end.
Find the moment of inertia for the rotation axes shown.

Pivot
Axis

)1,0( )2,0( )3,0(

3
I   m i ri 2  m1r12  m 2r22  m 3r32
i

 m (r12  r22  r32 )  1.5(12  22  32 )  21 kg.m 2


Example: Calculate the rotational inertia of a wheel that has a kinetic
energy of 24, 400 J when rotating at 602 rev/min.
In the table below we list the rotational inertias for some rigid bodies.
I  r
2
dm

(10-10)
Example: Calculate the rotational inertia of a meter stick with mass
0.56 kg, about an axis perpendicular to the stick and located at the
20 cm mark.
Example: Calculate the rotational inertia of a meter stick with mass
0.56 kg, about an axis perpendicular to the stick and located at the
20 cm mark.
A uniform slab of dimensions: a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, and c = 2.0 cm
(see Fig. 6) has a mass of 6.0 kg. Its rotational inertia about an axis
perpendicular to the larger face and passing through one corner of the
slab is: (Ans: 2.0 kg.m2 )
A uniform slab of dimensions: a = 60 cm, b = 80 cm, and c = 2.0 cm
(see Fig. 6) has a mass of 6.0 kg. Its rotational inertia about an axis
perpendicular to the larger face and passing through one corner of the
slab is: (Ans: 2.0 kg.m2 )

M 2 2  a 2 b 2 M 2 2
Use the equation: I =I o  MD 2  I = (a  b )  M ( 2 )  ( 2 )   3 (a  b )
12 1

 I  2.0 kg.m 2
A uniform thin rod of mass M = 3.00 kg and length L = 2.00 m is
pivoted at one end O and acted upon by a force F = 8.00 N at the other
end as shown in Figure 5. The angular acceleration of the rod at the
moment the rod is in the horizontal position as shown in this figure is:
(Ans 4.0 rad/s2 counterclockwise)
A uniform thin rod of mass M = 3.00 kg and length L = 2.00 m is
pivoted at one end O and acted upon by a force F = 8.00 N at the other
end as shown in Figure 5. The angular acceleration of the rod at the
moment the rod is in the horizontal position as shown in this figure is:
(Ans 4.0 rad/s2 counterclockwise)

1 L 2 1
I o  I CM  Md  ML  M ( )  ML 2 ;
2 2

12 2 3
FL 8 2 rad
  I   FL     4
I 1 s
(3)22
3
Example: (Sample problem 10-8, page 258)
In the Fig, Shows a uniform
disk, with mass M=2.5 kg
and radius R=20cm, mounted
on a fixed horizontal axle. A
block with mass m=1.2 kg
hangs from a massless cord
that is wrapped around the rim
of the disk. Find the
acceleration of the falling
block, the angular acceleration
of the disk, and the tension in
the cord. The cord does not
slip, and there is no friction at
the axle.
ma  mg T (1),

I   TR (2),
1 a 1
I  MR 2 , 
2 R T  Ma
2
1
ma  mg  Ma
2
 2m  2 1.2
a   g   4.8 m/s 2

 M  2 m  2.5  2 1.2
1
 T  Ma  6.0 N
2
a
   24 rad/s 2
R
Analogies Between Translational and Rotational Motion

Translational Motion Rotational Motion



x 
v  
a  
v  v0  at    0   t
at 2 t2
x  xo  v0t      0  0 t 
2 2
v 2  v02  2a  x  xo    2  02  2     0 
mv 2 I 2
K  K
2 2
m  I
F  ma    I
F  
P  Fv  P  
(10-18)
In Fig, a wheel of radius R= 0.20 m is mounted on a frictionless
horizontal axle. A massless cord is wrapped around the wheel and
attached to a 2.0 kg box that slides on frictionless surface inclined at
angle theta =20 degree with the horizontal. The box accelerated down
the surface at 2.0 m/s2. What is the rotational inertia of the wheel about
the axle?

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