Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
38 views

Introduction To Inferential Statistics

The document introduces inferential statistics and the standard error of the mean. It defines standard error of the mean as a statistical term that measures how accurately a sample distribution represents a population using standard deviation. The standard error of the mean decreases as the sample size increases and tells us how much the sample mean varies from the actual population mean due to random changes in data points. It is calculated by dividing the population's standard deviation by the square root of the sample size.

Uploaded by

Juvee Timay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views

Introduction To Inferential Statistics

The document introduces inferential statistics and the standard error of the mean. It defines standard error of the mean as a statistical term that measures how accurately a sample distribution represents a population using standard deviation. The standard error of the mean decreases as the sample size increases and tells us how much the sample mean varies from the actual population mean due to random changes in data points. It is calculated by dividing the population's standard deviation by the square root of the sample size.

Uploaded by

Juvee Timay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

INTRODUCTION

TO
INFERENTIAL
STATISTICS
STANDARD ERROR OF
THE MEAN

Group No. 5
JUVEE LYNE P. TIMAY
MPSM 1
GS-84 (MATH 202)
STATISTICAL
INFERENCE
 the branch of statistics which is concerned
with using probability concept to deal with
uncertainty in decision making.

 it refers to the process of selecting and using a


sample to draw inference about population
from which sample is drawn
STATISTICAL
INFERENCE
 It is the process of using data analysis to draw
conclusions about a population or process
beyond the existing data

STATISTICAL ANALYSES
ARE INITIALLY DIVIDED
INTO:
Descriptive Statistics or
Inferential Statistics.
INTRODUCTION TO INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

 Descriptive Statistics are used to organize and/or


summarize the parameters associated with data
collection (e.g., mean, median, mode, variance,
standard deviation)
 Inferential Statistics are used to infer information
about the relationship between multiple samples or
between a sample and a population (e.g., t-test,
ANOVA, Chi Square).
 The Scientific Method uses Inferential Statistics to
determine if the independent variable has caused a
significant change in the dependent variable and if that
change can be generalizable to the larger population.
 If a dependent variable within the population is
normally distributed and we can calculate or estimate
the mean and standard deviation of the population,
then we can use probabilities to determine significance
of these relationships. 
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN
statistical term that measures the
accuracy with which a sample
distribution represents a population by
using standard deviation

in statistics, a sample mean deviates from


the actual mean of a population; the
deviation is the standard error of the
mean
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN
 Standard Error of the mean refers to the average
distance between the expected value which is the
population mean and the mean of each individual
sample. Standard Error of the mean helps us to
understand that how much our expected mean is close
to the actual population mean i.e. how much of the
actual mean does my expected value represents.
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN FORMULA
Standard Error of the mean can be found out by dividing the
population’s standard deviation or the sample estimate of the standard
deviation (i.e. the standard deviation of a sample ) with the square root
of the sample size (for example the number of individuals in the
sample).

The above formula is to be used when the standard deviation of


the population is not known.
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN FORMULA
However, when the standard deviation of the population is known, we use
the below-mentioned formula where we use the standard deviation of the
population and divide it by the square root of the total number of samples.
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN
It can be seen from the formula that the
standard error of the mean decreases as N
increases. This is expected because if the
mean at each step is calculated using
many data points, then a small deviation
in one vale will cause less effect on the
final mean.
STANDARD ERROR OF THE
MEAN

Tells us how the mean varies with different


experiments measuring the same quantity.
Thus, if the effect of random changes are
significant, then the standard error of the mean
will be higher.

If there is no change in the data points as


experiments are repeated, then the standard
error of the mean is zero.
ADVANTAGES:
 It helps to detect and reduce sampling
errors and measurement errors as
much as possible

 Standard error of the mean tells us


how accurate our estimate of the
mean is likely to be
USE and MISUSE:
 It is used to refer to an estimate of the standard
deviation, derived from a particular sample to
compute the estimate
 Standard error of the mean is estimated
rather than measured

 A related misuse of the standard error is to use


it as a descriptive statistic when it is in fact an
inferential statistic.
Calculate the standard error (of the mean). This represents how well the
sample mean approximates the population mean. The larger the sample, the
smaller the standard error, and the closer the sample mean approximates the
population mean. Do this by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of
N, the sample size.

Standard error = σ/sqrt(n). So for the example above, if this were a sampling of 5
students from a class of 50 and the 50 students had a standard deviation of 17 (σ =
21), the standard error = 17/sqrt(5) = 7.6.

You might also like