Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 52 views

    General Concepts of Point Estimation

    Uploaded by

    RJ Rodz
    An unbiased estimator provides on average correct estimates of the population parameter. Variance measures how far numbers are spread from the mean. The standard error is the standard deviation of a statistic's sampling distribution and allows construction of confidence intervals. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of the sample size. The mean squared error measures the average of the squared differences between estimates and actual values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    General Concepts of Point Estimation

    Uploaded by

    RJ Rodz
    52 views9 pages
    An unbiased estimator provides on average correct estimates of the population parameter. Variance measures how far numbers are spread from the mean. The standard error is the standard deviation of a statistic's sampling distribution and allows construction of confidence intervals. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of the sample size. The mean squared error measures the average of the squared differences between estimates and actual values.

    Original Title

    General concepts of point estimation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    An unbiased estimator provides on average correct estimates of the population parameter. Variance measures how far numbers are spread from the mean. The standard error is the standard deviation of a statistic's sampling distribution and allows construction of confidence intervals. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of the sample size. The mean squared error measures the average of the squared differences between estimates and actual values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    52 views9 pages

    General Concepts of Point Estimation

    Uploaded by

    RJ Rodz
    An unbiased estimator provides on average correct estimates of the population parameter. Variance measures how far numbers are spread from the mean. The standard error is the standard deviation of a statistic's sampling distribution and allows construction of confidence intervals. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of the sample size. The mean squared error measures the average of the squared differences between estimates and actual values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    GENERAL CONCEPTS OF

    POINT ESTIMATION
    GENERAL CONCEPTS OF
    ESTIMATION
    UNBIASED VARIANCE STANDARD
    ESTIMATOR ERROR
    MEAN
    SQUARED
    ERROR
    UNBIASED ESTIMATOR
    A statistic is called an unbiased estimator of a population parameter
    if the mean of the sampling distribution of the statistic is equal to the
    value of the parameter. For example, the sample mean, x, is an
    unbiased estimator of the population mean, μ. In symbols,  μₓ = μ. On
    the other hand, since μs ≠ σ, the sample standard deviation, s, gives a
    biased estimate of σ.
    An estimator of a given parameter is said to be unbiased if its
    expected value is equal to the true value of the parameter. In other
    words, an estimator is unbiased if it produces parameter estimates
    that are on average correct.
    VARIANCE
    In probability theory and statistics, variance is the expectation of the
    squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. Variance is a
    measure of dispersion, meaning it is a measure of how far a set of
    numbers is spread out from their average value.

    Variance measures variability from the average or mean. It is


    calculated by taking the differences between each number in the data set
    and the mean, then squaring the differences to make them positive,
    and finally dividing the sum of the squares by the number of values in
    the data set.
    STANDARD ERROR
    The standard error of a statistic is the standard deviation of its sampling
    distribution or an estimate of that standard deviation. If the statistic is the
    sample mean, it is called the standard error of the mean.
    Standard error statistics are a class of inferential statistics that function
    somewhat like descriptive statistics in that they permit the researcher to
    construct confidence intervals about the obtained sample statistic. The two
    most commonly used standard error statistics are the standard error of the
    mean and the standard error of the estimate.
    STANDARD ERROR
    Example 1 
    A general practitioner has been investigating whether the diastolic blood
    pressure of men aged 20-44 differs between printers and farm workers. For
    this purpose, she has obtained a random sample of 72 printers and 48 farm
    workers and calculated the mean and standard deviations, as shown in
    table 1. 
    STANDARD ERROR
    • To calculate the standard errors of the two mean blood pressures, the
    standard deviation of each sample is divided by the square root of the
    number of the observations in the sample.
    Printers: SEM = 4.5 / √72 = 0.53mmHG
    Farmers: SEM = 4.2 / √48 = 0.61mmHG
    STANDARD ERROR
    • These standard errors may be used to study the significance of the
    difference between the two means. Standard error of a proportion
    or a percentage Just as we can calculate a standard error associated
    with a mean so we can also calculate a standard error associated with
    a percentage or a proportion. Here the size of the sample will affect
    the size of the standard error but the amount of variation is
    determined by the value of the percentage or proportion in the
    population itself, and so we do not need an estimate of the standard
    deviation. 
    MEAN SQUARED ERROR
    • In statistics, the mean squared error or
    mean squared deviation of an estimator
    measures the average of the squares of
    the errors—that is, the average squared
    difference between the estimated values
    and the actual value. MSE is a risk
    function, corresponding to the expected
    value of the squared error loss.

    You might also like