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    Dr. Tauseef Ahmad Ansari: Fluid Dynamics

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    The document discusses key concepts in fluid dynamics including: 1. Bernoulli's theorem which states that the total energy of a moving fluid remains constant, comprising potential energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy. 2. Practical applications of Bernoulli's theorem including venturimeters and orifice meters which use pressure differences to measure flow rates. 3. Sample problems are provided to calculate flow rates using venturimeter and orifice meter equations based on given pressure readings and device specifications.

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    Dr. Tauseef Ahmad Ansari: Fluid Dynamics

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    Tauseef
    116 views37 pages
    The document discusses key concepts in fluid dynamics including: 1. Bernoulli's theorem which states that the total energy of a moving fluid remains constant, comprising potential energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy. 2. Practical applications of Bernoulli's theorem including venturimeters and orifice meters which use pressure differences to measure flow rates. 3. Sample problems are provided to calculate flow rates using venturimeter and orifice meter equations based on given pressure readings and device specifications.

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    The document discusses key concepts in fluid dynamics including: 1. Bernoulli's theorem which states that the total energy of a moving fluid remains constant, comprising potential energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy. 2. Practical applications of Bernoulli's theorem including venturimeters and orifice meters which use pressure differences to measure flow rates. 3. Sample problems are provided to calculate flow rates using venturimeter and orifice meter equations based on given pressure readings and device specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    116 views37 pages

    Dr. Tauseef Ahmad Ansari: Fluid Dynamics

    Uploaded by

    Tauseef
    The document discusses key concepts in fluid dynamics including: 1. Bernoulli's theorem which states that the total energy of a moving fluid remains constant, comprising potential energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy. 2. Practical applications of Bernoulli's theorem including venturimeters and orifice meters which use pressure differences to measure flow rates. 3. Sample problems are provided to calculate flow rates using venturimeter and orifice meter equations based on given pressure readings and device specifications.

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    Fluid Dynamics

    Dr. Tauseef Ahmad Ansari


    Dynamics of fluid flow:

    Net force acting on the fluid mass in x direction is given by

    Fx = max

    Where, m = mass of fluid


    ax = acceleration in x direction
    The net force comprises of the following forces

    Fx = Fgx + Fpx + Ftx + Fvx + Fcx


    Where,
    Fgx = Force due to gravity
    Fpx = Force due to pressure
    Ftx = Force due to turbulance
    Fvx = Force due to viscosity
    Fcx = Force due to compressibility.
    Bernoulli's Theorem:

    The total energy of the moving fluid comprising the gravitational


    potential energy of elevation, the energy associated with the fluid
    pressure and the kinetic energy of the fluid motion, remains constant.

    Assumptions for this Bernoulli equation to apply:

    1. The flow must be steady, i.e. the flow parameters (velocity, density,
    etc.) at any point cannot change with time,
    2. The flow must be incompressible even though pressure varies, the
    density must remain constant along a streamline.
    3. Friction by viscous forces must be negligible (Ideal fluid).
    4. Fluid is irrotational
    Practical applications of Bernoulli’s Theorem

    Venturimeter: It is a device which is based on Bernoulli’s theorem and is used for


    measuring the rate of flow of liquid through the pipes. Using Bernoulli’s theorem,
    Venturimeter formula is given as:
    Problem:
    A venturimeter of 150 mm × 75 mm size is used to measure the flow rate of oil
    having specific gravity of 0.9. The reading shown by the U tube manometer
    connected to the venturimeter is 150 mm of mercury column. Calculate the
    coefficient of discharge for the venturimeter if the flow rate is 1.7 m 3/min. (Note :
    The size of venturimeter generally specified in terms of inlet and throat diameters)

    Solution:
    Problem:
    A venturimeter is used to measure liquid flow rate of 7500 litres per minute. The
    difference in pressure across the venturimeter is equivalent to 8 m of the flowing
    liquid. The pipe diameter is 19 cm. Calculate the throat diameter of the
    venturimeter. Assume the coefficient of discharge for the venturimeter as 0.96.
    Solution:
    Orifice meter:
    An orifice plate is a device used for measuring flow rate, for reducing pressure or
    for restricting flow. Either a volumetric or mass flow rate may be determined,
    depending on the calculation associated with the orifice plate.
    Problem:
    An orifice meter with orifice diameter 10 cm is inserted in a
    pipe of 20 cm diameter. The pressure gauges fitted upstream
    and downstream of the orifice meter gives readings of 19.62
    N/cm2 and 9.81 N/cm2 respectively. Co-efficient of discharge
    for the meter is given as 0.6. Find the discharge of water
    through pipe.

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