THE HORIZONTAL TYPOLOGY

Third Floor , CHEDRO XI, Bo. Obrero ,

Loyola Street, Davao City
August 12, 2014 Presentation
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• Horizontal Typology means
a functionally
differentiated typology of
HEIs that does not mean
imply any hierarchy.
 HORIZONTAL TYPOLOGY
The three horizontal typologies are differentiated
by features in the following areas :
1. Desired competency of graduates
2. Kind of Academic and Co-Curricular Programs
Offered
3. Qualifications of Faculty Members
4. Types and available Learning Resources and
Support Structures
5. Nature of Linkages and Outreach Activities.
For the Philippines at this juncture,
HEIs may be differentiated as:

The Three HORIZONTAL

TYPOLOGY
1. Professional Institutes
2. College
3. University

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Horizontal Typology
 Professional Institutes
Contribute to nation building by providing
educational experiences to develop technical
knowledge and skills at the graduate and
undergraduate levels, which lead to
professional practice e.q., Engineering,
Medicine, Law, IT, Management, Teacher
Education, Maritime Education, Nursing

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 PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Professional Institutions develop adults who
will have the technical and practical know-how
to staff the various professional sectors that
are required to sustain the economic and
social development of the country and the rest
of the world, as well as to contribute to
innovation in their respective areas.

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 Professional Institutes
Focus: To develop technical knowledge and skills at the undergraduate
and/or graduate levels that lead to professional practice (e.g.,
Engineering, Medicine, Law*, IT, Management, Teacher Education, Maritime)
• Programs/competencies of graduates: specialized professional field/s
and skills
• Faculty: full-time faculty members who have the required degrees and
professional licenses and/or professional experience
• Learning resources and support structures: appropriate for the HEI’s
professional programs
• Nature of linkages and outreach activities
– Links with relevant industries, professional bodies and organizations
– Outreach that develop service orientation in the profession
*Law is regulated by the Legal Education Board
 Colleges

Colleges contribute to nation building by providing

educational experiences to develop adults who
have the thinking, problem solving, decision-
making, communication, technical and social
skills to participate in various types of
employment, development activities and public
discourses, particularly in response to the needs
of the communities they serve.
 COLLEGES
• Learning resources and support structures
that are appropriate for developing
knowledge and skills in the specific natural
science, social science, humanities and
professional disciplines offered by the college,
including laboaratories, books and journals,
etc.;

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 COLLEGES
• Links with the community that would
ensure the development of relevant
academic and extension programs as
well as the application of thier
learning outcomes; and

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 COLLEGES
• Outreach programs involving
students in social-development
oriented experiences that allow
them to contextualize their
knowledge within actual social
and human experience.
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 UNIVERSITIES
• Universities contribute to nation building
by providing highly specialized
educational experiences to train experts
in the various technical and disciplinal
areas and by emphasizing the
development of new knowledge and
skills through research and
development.
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 UNIVERSITIES
• Universities contribute to nation
building by producing experts,
knowledge, and technological
innovations that can be resources for
long-term development processes in
a globalized context.

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 UNIVERSITIES
• The focus on developing new knowledge
is emphasized from the basic post-
secondary (i.e., baccalaureate) academic
programs through the doctoral
programs; thus a research, a research
orientation is emphasized in the
Bachelor, Master’s and Doctoral degree
programs.
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 Universities
• Focus:
– To provide highly specialized, trained experts in various
technical and disciplinal areas
– To develop new knowledge and skills through R&D
• Programs/competencies of graduates: comprehensive fields;
from basic post-secondary through doctoral programs
• Faculty: grad degrees in pertinent fields; research
• Learning resources and support structures: to explore basic,
advanced, and cutting edge knowledge in a wide range of
disciplines or professions
• Nature of linkages and outreach activities:
– Links with international research institutions
– Outreach programs that allow application of new knowledge to
address specific social development problems
• Existing universities will retain their
status—whether they comply with
the minimum requirements or not—
unless they choose to be typed
differently;
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines
• All HEIs may offer either undergraduate or
graduate programs or a combination of both
programs subject to compliance with relevant
CHED policies;
• Sample Case 1: Colleges or professional institutes
may have the same number of graduate programs
as a particular university but may opt to be
classified as “college” or “professional institute” in
accordance with their respective missions.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines
All HEIs may offer a combination of
“professional” and “liberal arts” programs
subject to compliance with relevant CHED
policies;
• Sample Case 1: Colleges may have the same
proportion of “professional” programs as
professional institutes but may opt to be
classified as “college” in accordance with their
mission.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

All HEIs are expected to develop programs that

are relevant to their respective local, regional or
national communities/publics (e.g. extension
programs). However, the relative weight of these
programs in the horizontal classification of HEIs
will depend on their core mission. These
programs will likewise figure in the vertical
typology
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines
There is a core of permanent full-time faculty
members who all have the minimum educational
qualifications by 2017 as stipulated in CHED CMO
40 Series of 2008 or in highly exceptional cases,
the equivalent of such qualification to be
proposed by a CHED Technical Working Group in
consultation with the Technical Committees,
Technical Panels and other experts, which shall
be incorporated into the revised draft PSGs on
faculty qualifications by the end of June 2013;
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

--All HEIs are expected to undertake scholarly

work that reflects at the very least the
scholarship appropriate to their type (either one
or a combination of scholarship of discovery,
scholarship of integration, scholarship of
application and scholarship of teaching).
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

--There should be sufficient appropriate learning

resources and support structures for the HEI’s
programs.
--All HEIs are expected to develop competencies
that develop higher order thinking, problem
solving, decision-making, communication,
technical, and social skills.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

At the program level, all HEIs are expected to

develop the same core competencies stipulated
in the Revised PSGs across HEI types. Differences
in the quality of graduates in the same field
should reflect variations in program quality
rather than differences in HEI type.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

--The guidelines for operationalization of horizontal

typology also do not mean that they are mutually
exclusive to the HEI type, e.g., colleges and
universities may offer professional programs,
professional institutions and universities may
have their own core curricula, professional
institutions and colleges may conduct research
associated with the scholarship of discovery.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

--The guidelines for operationalization of horizontal

typology also do not mean that they are mutually
exclusive to the HEI type, e.g., colleges and
universities may offer professional programs,
professional institutions and universities may
have their own core curricula, professional
institutions and colleges may conduct research
associated with the scholarship of discovery.
 Horizontal Typology
Common Guidelines

--The guidelines for operationalization of horizontal

typology also do not mean that they are mutually
exclusive to the HEI type, e.g., colleges and
universities may offer professional programs,
professional institutions and universities may
have their own core curricula, professional
institutions and colleges may conduct research
associated with the scholarship of discovery.
 Professional Institutions
• Contribute to nation building by providing educational
experiences to develop technical knowledge and skills at
the graduate and undergraduate levels, which lead to
professional practice, e.g., Engineering, Medicine, Law, IT,
Management, Teacher Education, Maritime Education
• Develop adults who will have the technical and practical
know-how to staff the various professional sectors that are
required to sustain the economic and social development
of the country and the rest of the world, as well as to
contribute to innovation in their respective areas

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 Professional Institutions
• At least 70% of the enrollment (graduate and
undergraduate levels) is in degree programs
in the various professional areas
• e.g., Engineering, Health, Medicine, Law,
Teacher Education, Maritime, IT,
Management, Communication, Agriculture,
Forestry, and Fisheries, among others.

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 Professional Institutions
• At least 60% of the academic degree
program offerings are in the various
professional areas and have enrollees.
• e.g., Engineering, Health, Medicine, Law,
Teacher Education, Maritime, Information
Technology, Management, Communication,
Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, among
others.

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 Professional Institutions
• All other faculty (contractual, part-time and
full-time faculty) should have the relevant
degrees, professional licenses (for licensed
programs), and/or professional experience in
the subject areas they handle (e.g. In the
event a professional institute has doctoral
programs, all faculty members teaching in
these programs must have doctoral degrees).

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 Professional Institutions
• Learning resources and support structures are
appropriate to the HEI’s technical or
professional programs.
• There are sustained program linkages with
relevant industries, professional groups and
organizations that support the professional
development programs. Outreach programs
develop in students a service orientation in
their professions.
• These minimum requirements for Professional Institutions should be
reviewed by 2017, to determine if these are responsive to the
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development needs of the country.
 Colleges
• Contribute to nation building by providing
educational experiences to develop adults
who have the thinking, problem solving,
decision-making, communication, technical,
and social skills to participate in various types
of employment, development activities and
public discourses, particularly in response to
the needs of the communities they serve

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 Colleges
• At least 70% of undergraduate programs
have a core curriculum that develops
thinking, problem solving, decision-making,
communication, technical, and social skills,
in line with the College’s mission and the
geographic or “imagined”/virtual
community it serves (e.g., a religious
community, a community of future Filipino
Muslim or Christian professionals).

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 Colleges
• There should be a core of permanent faculty
members. At least 50% of full time
permanent faculty members have the
relevant degree as required by CHED as well
as professional licenses (for licensed
programs) and/or professional experience in
the subject areas they handle.

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 Colleges
• All other faculty (contractual, part-time and
full-time faculty) should have the relevant
degrees, professional licenses (for licensed
programs), and/or professional experience in
the subject areas they handle (e.g. In the
event a professional institute has doctoral
programs, all faculty members teaching in
these programs must have doctoral degrees).

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 Colleges
• Learning resources and support structures
are appropriate for the HEIs’ programs.
• Outreach programs allow students to
contextualize their knowledge within actual
social and human experiences.
• These minimum requirements for Colleges
should be reviewed by 2017, to see if these
are responsive to the development needs of
the country.
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 Universities
• Contribute to nation building by providing highly
specialized educational experiences to train experts
in the various technical and disciplinal areas and by
emphasizing the development of new knowledge
and skills through research and development.
• The focus on developing new knowledge is
emphasized from the basic post-secondary (i.e.,
baccalaureate) academic programs through the
doctoral programs

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 Universities
• The presence of graduate students manifests
the training of experts, who will be involved
in professional practice and/or discovery of
new knowledge.

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 Universities
Academic degree programs should be
comprehensive and manifest the pursuit of new
knowledge.
•There are at least twenty (20) academic
degree programs with enrollees, at least six of
which is at the graduate level.
•There is at least one doctoral program in three
different fields of study (disciplines or branches
of knowledge) with enrollees.

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 Universities
• All graduate programs and at least 50% of
baccalaureate programs require the
submission of a thesis/project/or research
papers.

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 Universities
• There should be a core of permanent faculty
members. At least 50% of full time
permanent faculty members have the
relevant degree as required by CHED as well
as professional licenses (for licensed
programs) and/or professional experience in
the subject areas they handle.

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 Universities
• All other faculty (contractual, part-time and
full-time faculty) should have the relevant
degrees, professional licenses (for licensed
programs), and/or professional experience in
the subject areas they handle (e.g. In the
event a professional institute has doctoral
programs, all faculty members teaching in
these programs must have doctoral degrees).

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 Universities
• At least thirty (30) full-time faculty members
or 20% of all full-time faculty, whichever is
higher, are actively involved in research.

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 Universities
• Any one of these conditions:
– Annual research cost expenditure for the past five
years is equivalent to at least PhP75,000 x the
number of faculty members involved in research;
or
– At least 5% of full-time faculty members engaged
in research have patents, articles in refereed
journals, or books published by reputable presses
in the last ten years

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 Universities
• Comprehensive learning resources and
support structures allow students to explore
basic, advanced, and even cutting edge
knowledge in a wide range of fields of
study/disciplines or professions.
• Links with other research institutions in
various parts of the world ensure that the
research activities of the university are
functioning at the current global standards.
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 Universities
• Outreach activities allow the students, faculty, and
research staff to apply the new knowledge they
generate to address specific social development
problems, broadly defined.
• These minimum requirements for Universities—
particularly the numbers and percentages
pertaining to academic degree programs, faculty,
and costs—should be reviewed by 2017, to see if
these are responsive to the development needs of
the country.
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 Universities
• HEIs recognized as universities before the
establishment of CHED or granted such status by
the commission will retain this status unless they
choose to be classified differently along the
horizontal typology.
• Universities who choose to retain their status must
submit a letter of intent of retaining their status to
the CHEDRO. In addition, they have to submit
documentary evidences for a university for
documentation purposes.
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 OVERVIEW:
VERTICAL TYPLOGY

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 VERTICAL TYPOLOGY

The vertical typology refers to the

classification of HEIs according to the
three elements of quality

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 THREE ELEMENTS OF QUALITY

1. The alignment and consistency of the learning

environment with the institution’s vision,
mission and goals.

(This element is related to the horizontal type

of the HEI )

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 ELEMENTS OF QUALITY

2. Demonstration of exceptional learning and

service outcomes
3.The development of a culture of quality

( These two are related to the level of

program
excellence and institutional sustainability )
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 PROGRAM EXCELLENCE is manifested through
accreditation such as Center of Excellence, Center of
Development, International Certifications)
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY is manifested through
Institutional Quality Assessment (ISA) or other
evidences in the areas of governance and
management, quality of teaching and learning,
quality of professional exposure, research and
creative work, support for students, relations in the
community
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 VERTICAL CLASSIFICATION
Autonomous by Evaluation
Deregulated by Evaluation
Regulated

The vertical typology is applied with each

type of of horizontal typology
 VERTICAL TYPOLOGY

Vertical classification is based on the

assessment of the HEI’s Commitment
for Excellence and Institutional
Sustainability and Enhancement

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 HORIZONTAL TYPOLOGY
PROFESSIONAL
INSTITUTION COLLEGE UNIVERSITY

VERTICAL TYPOLOGY 56
 Vertical Classification
Autonomous HEIs by Evaluation:
Demonstrate exceptional institutional quality and
enhancement through internal QA systems
Demonstrate excellent program outcomes through
• a high proportion of accredited programs
• the presence of Centers of Excellence and/or
Development, and/or
• international certification
In particular, they show evidence of outstanding
performance consistent with their horizontal type, e.g.,
research and publications for universities; relevant
extension programs for colleges; and employability for
professional institutions.
 Vertical Classification
Deregulated HEIs by Evaluation:
Demonstrate very good institutional quality and
enhancement through internal QA systems
Demonstrate very good program outcomes through
• a good proportion of accredited programs
• the presence of Centers of Excellence and/or
Development, and/or
• international certification
In particular, they show evidence of very good performance
consistent with their horizontal type, e.g., research and
publications for universities; relevant extension programs
for colleges; and employability for professional institutes.
 Vertical Classification
Regulated HEIs are those institutions, which still
need to demonstrate good institutional quality
and program outcomes.
 Criteria for Vertical Classification
Commitment to Excellence (70%)
Institutional Sustainability and Enhancement
(30%)
 Scheme for Awarding Points
1. Commitment to Excellence (70%)
The criteria for Commitment to Excellence
include
•the presence of Centers of Excellence and/or
Development
•program accreditation (local/ international)
•international program certification
 VERTICAL CLASSIFICATION:
Criteria for Commitment to Excellence (70%)

 
MAX POINTS THAT
CRITERIA NO. OF POINTS CAN BE AWARDED

COE (type-based) 10/COE 60

COD (type-based) 5/COD
Local accreditation Please refer to Annex 60
International 10/program 40
accreditation
(mobility)
International 10/program 20
certification
 Scheme for Awarding Points
2. Institutional Sustainability and
Enhancement (30%)
The criteria for Institutional Sustainability and
Enhancement include
•institutional accreditation
•institutional certification (local/ international)
•IQuAME category / ISA score
•international institutional certification (such as
ISO for institutions)
 VERTICAL CLASSIFICATION:
Criteria for Institutional Sustainability (30%)

MAX POINTS
  CRITERIA NO. OF POINTS THAT CAN BE
AWARDED
Institutional accreditation 30
based on program accred* 25

using instrument for type- 30 Points (to be aligned

based institutional accred with ISA)

IQuAME (Categories from Category A: 30 30

2005-2010)* Category B: 25

ISA Ave ≥ 2.75: 30 30

2.75 >Ave ≥ 2.50: 25
2.50 > Ave ≥ 2.00: 20
 VERTICAL CLASSIFICATION:
Criteria for Institutional Sustainability (30%)
MAX POINTS
  CRITERIA NO. OF POINTS THAT CAN BE
AWARDED
Institutional ISO 9001: 20 25
certification Six Sigma/Baldridge:
Philippine Quality Awards:
Add’l evidence (type- Max 4 points / key result 20
based)* area
Governance & Mgt
Quality of Teaching & Learning
Quality of Professional
Exposure/Research/Creative
Work
Support for Students
Relations with the Community
 Criteria for AUTONOMOUS STATUS BY EVALUATION
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
80 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.75 or 30 points
Any two of the following:
1. At least one program with licensure, or 20% of the school’s
programs with licensure, whichever is higher, has a passing rate
that is higher than the national passing rate in board/licensure
exams, in the last 5years
2. At least two programs are accredited under internationally
agreed upon criteria and procedures, which promote
professional mobility across national boundaries (e.g.,
accreditation by ABET or by the PTC etc.).
 Criteria for AUTONOMOUS STATUS BY EVALUATION
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
80 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.75 or 30 points
Any two of the following (cont):
3. Over the last five years, at least 80% of its graduates were
employed within the first two years of graduation.
4. Sustained linkage with industry as evidenced by working
program(s) that significantly contribute to the attainment of
desired student learning outcomes and to the employability of
its graduates.
 Criteria for DEREGULATED STATUS BY EVALUATION
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
65 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.50 or 25 points.
Any two of the following:
1. At least one program with licensure, or 20% of the school’s
programs with licensure, whichever is higher, has a passing rate
that is at least equal to the national passing rate in
board/licensure exams, in the last five years.
2. At least one program accredited under internationally agreed
upon criteria and procedures, which promote professional
mobility across national boundaries (e.g., accreditation under
the terms of Washington Accord by ABET or by the PTC as a
probationary member of said Accord; Bologna Accord, etc.).
 Criteria for DEREGULATED STATUS BY EVALUATION
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
65 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.50 or 25 points.
Any two of the following (cont.):
3. Over the last five years, at least 70% of its graduates were
employed within the first two years of graduation.
4. Sustained linkage with industry as evidenced by working
program(s) that significantly contribute to the attainment of
desired student learning outcomes and to the employability
of its graduates.
 Criteria for AUTONOMOUS STATUS BY EVALUATION
COLLEGE:
80 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.75 or 30 points
At least 80% of all graduates were required as students to
participate in a community-based research/public service/
extension program for a cumulative period of two years.
Over the last five years, at least 20% of faculty members were
engaged in research and extension services that contribute to
instruction and/or community development.
Criteria for DEREGULATED STATUS BY EVALUATION
COLLEGE:
65 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.50 or 25 points
At least 70% of all graduates are required to participate in a
community-based extension program for a cumulative period of
two years.
Over the last five years, at least 15% of faculty members were
engaged in research and extension service that contributes to
instruction and/or community development.
 Criteria for AUTONOMOUS STATUS BY EVALUATION
UNIVERSITIES:
80 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.75 or 30 points
At least 50 full-time faculty members or at least 30% of full-time
faculty, whichever is higher, have been actively engaged in
scholarly work (research or creative work) in the last two years.
(Evidence of this includes completed/progress reports, approved
research grants, presentation at conferences, books and
anthologies, and documented creative work.)
 Criteria for DEREGULATED STATUS BY EVALUATION
UNIVERSITIES:
65 points plus evidence of the following:
The ISA score or its equivalent ≥ 2.50 or 25 points
At least 30 full-time faculty members or at least 25% of full-time
faculty, whichever is higher, have been actively engaged in
scholarly work (research or creative work) in the last five years.