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VIGNETTES ON
EDUCATIONAL SURVEYS
AND PREMISES FOR
REFORMS
The goals that are specific to education are defined in
the Article XIV, Section 3 of the Philippine
Constitution. Section 3 mandates:
All educational institutions shall include the study of the constitution as part of the
curriculum. They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of
humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of the national heroes
in the historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of the
citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and
personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and
technological knowledge and promote vocational efficiency.
1970 Presidential Commission to Survey
Philippine Education
In 1970 the Presidential Commission to Survey Philippine Education

(PCSPE) came out with the vital document entitled Education for
National Development; New Patterns, New Directions.
Social benefits:
1. The objectives prescribed for the Philippine Education, which
serves as goals of the entire social system and were
unachievable aims for the education system alone.
2. The apparent purpose of the educational system
in the practice which primarily prepared the
student for the next high year of schooling, instead
of preparing him for a worthwhile place in the society.
3. The rapid state of population increase, which

continues to create tremendous pressures on
schooling facilities and resources.
“secondary education was widely believed to
be the weak link in the educational ladder”
Secondary Education labored to improve the curriculum and

came up with the 2-2 plan from 1958 to 1972 but due to the
lack of teacher training and physical facilities support as well
as the culture bias on vocational education the desired change
was not effected.
The 2-2 Plan was replaced by the Revised Secondary

Education Program (RSEP) in 1973 and the New Secondary
Curriculum (NSEP) in 1989
ESC- Educational Service Contracting, a program that
is being implemented whereby excess students who can
no longer be accommodated in the government schools
are admitted in private schools with the government
paying the students, tuition fees.
PRODED – Program for the Decentralized

Educational Development
- focused on the elementary levels
- funded with a loan from the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development
- The sectorial program aimed to reduced
disparities in elementary education
among and within the regions.
- to raise the over-all quality and efficiency of
elementary education
- To improve the management capabilities of the
system, especially at the regional and sub regional
levels
Elementary Education
the final report on the New Elementary Education curriculum
records the historical background of the reform, to wit:
The need fro reforms in elementary education became imperative when
the result of the Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education (SOUTELE) came
out. A significant finding example, clearly showed that the average sixth grader
across the nation has mastered only 50% of what he was expected to learn and
that the learned subjects were the 3R’s.
(SOUTELE) - Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education

- to determine the state of elementary education. This project
emphasizes a battery of criterion-referenced academic achievement test,
toward the development of national quality standard.
(EEEP) - Experimental Elementary Education Program
- was launched by the Bureau of Elementary
Education in1978.
- It was conducted for two years on an experimental
basis. Involved were 1,500 classes in 125 school divisions
throughout the country. The EEEP offered fewer subjects in
Grades I-III thereby allotting more time to the
development of the basic skills, traditionally the 3R’s in
the lower grade.
PROCEED – Program for Comprehensive Elementary Education
- The impact of the aforementioned researches paved the way for the
development of a 10 year (1980-1990)
PROBE – Philippine – Australian Project in Basic Education

- Is a five years education project jointly funded by the Republic of the
Philippines and the Government of Australia through the Australian
Agency for International Development (AusAID). PROBE activities were
initiated in February 1996 and conducted in 2001.
- PROBE (Walsh) aims to improve basic education in English, Mathematics, and
Science through upgrading teaching skills. The project worked with 906 schools;
588 elemntray schools, 300 secondary schools in Region II, VII, IX, X and XIII as
well as 14 teacher education institute (TEIs)- three in each region and two in the
National Capital Region. The target groups in the schools are :
English
Elementary Grades 1-6
Secondary Years 1- 4
Science and Mathematics

Elementary Grades 5-6
Secondary Years 1- 2
PROBE was designed around the four
components
1. Preservice teacher education

2. In service teacher education
3. Teacher resource materials
4. Project management and monitoring
SECONDARY EDUCATION
There are two types of high school in the Philippines
1. the general high school offering a general education program
2. the special high schools offering a special curriculum (science,
arts or vocational curricula)
ALS – Alternative learning System also called The
Continuing Learning Delivery System
- Is a scheme develop by the Bureau of Non formal
Education to help out-of-school youth to finish high
school. Learning modules are used as the instructional
delivery system.
BSE – Basic of Secondary Education

- The responsibility of BSE is the curriculum development
at the secondary level.
BSE – Basic of Secondary Education
the staff function of BSE, defines the desired learning
competencies for the different year levels, conceptualizes the
structure of the curriculum and formulates national
curricular policies.
“formal subjects, students are encourage to participate in

co-curricular activities. Classroom learning points are given
for participation in co-curricular activities, and these points
are considered in the selection of honor students”
Some of the innovative teaching-learning approach
strategies are the communicative approach,
integrated approach and experiential approach.
Instructional Materials Corporation

this agency is responsible for the development,
printing and distribution of quality textbooks and other
instructional materials.
RURAL EDUCATION AT THE SECONDARY LEVEL
In 1962 there was a strong sentiment to make

secondary education accessible to the rural folks. The
enactment of Republic Act No.6054 providing for a
Barrio High School Center led to the establishment of
barrio high schools in the countryside.
“The original concept of the barrio high school later
called barangay (cluster of families) high school was
to offer terminal secondary education-that students
should be ready for the world of work after
graduation”.
In July, 1988 an Appraisal of the Secondary

Education Development Sector was conducted by the
Asian Development Bank. The echoed the findings of
the findings of the 1970 PCSPE report to wit:
The secondary education system in the Philippines
needs improvement. A rapid expansion of public
high schools without adequate planning and funding
has resulted in a variety of secondary schools
offering programs of varying quality. The system
suffers from inadequate management and
evaluation capabilities as well. The private sector
which plays a significant role in the provision of
secondary education also faces considerable
difficulties.
The Secondary Education Development Program
is built on four major premises:
1.That the program for Decentralized Education Development
(PRODED) will bring about higher quality and an increase student
input the secondary education system.
2.That the new demands will continue to be made on the system by
the escalating competitiveness of a growing technological society
3.That unless improved greatly the capability of the system does not
warrant its being able to cope with the demands placed on it;
4.That the present performance of secondary education leaves much
to be done towards the achievement of the goals.
NESC - New Elementary School Curriculum
a scheme to evaluate the pupil performance all over the
country using the pretest-posttest design was conducted for
Grade VI classes during school year 1988-1989
The PRODED graduates in 1989 were the inputs to
the new Secondary Education Curriculum NSEC
during the SY 1989-1990.
A. The Development Plan

B. Capability Building
C. Curriculum Improvement

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VIGNETTES ON

In 1970 the Presidential Commission to Survey Philippine Education

3. The rapid state of population increase, which

Secondary Education labored to improve the curriculum and

The 2-2 Plan was replaced by the Revised Secondary

PRODED – Program for the Decentralized

(SOUTELE) - Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education

PROBE – Philippine – Australian Project in Basic Education

Science and Mathematics

1. Preservice teacher education

BSE – Basic of Secondary Education

“formal subjects, students are encourage to participate in

Instructional Materials Corporation

In 1962 there was a strong sentiment to make

In July, 1988 an Appraisal of the Secondary

A. The Development Plan

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